锦州市大小凌河扇地淡水丘体防止海水入侵试验研究

大小凌河扇地总面积1 200 km2。近年来,由于降雨量偏少,地下水开采量逐年增加,导致大小凌河扇地地下水位不断下降,采集补充失衡,低于海平面的面积不断扩大,形成面积达60 km2的地下水下降漏斗。经观测,海水已经开始入侵大小凌河扇地,且日趋严重。目前海水入侵威胁较重的面积达560 km2,占扇地面积的47%。通过模型室内试验和现场试验对淡水丘体能否稳定存在进行了研究。结果表明,在稳定渗流的情况下淡水丘体是存在的,其形状受渗透系数、地下水位、渠道内水位的影响。说明利用淡水丘体防止海水入侵是可行的。

装饰平面丘体砖

该项目涉及的是一种建筑材料，具体地说是一种具有装置效果的地砖、墙砖、布道板等。

库车盆地铜矿化与盐丘系统的关系

库车盆地新近系发育一系列盐丘体,遥感解译和野外地貌调查共发现36个盐丘体,主要分布在南部的秋里塔格构造带和北部的克拉苏构造带,沿近东西向断裂呈带状分布。在盐丘体的发育过程中,盐丘体、围岩及围岩中发育的断裂与破碎带等构成一个盐丘体系统。调查显示铜矿化发育在盐丘体附近,位于盆地南、北两大构造带(背斜带)轴部偏两翼处,共有砂岩型、泥岩型、灰岩型3种类型,主要矿物为氯铜矿,矿化层位于上新统的康村组和中新统的吉迪克组。扫描电镜分析发现,盐丘体中盐岩样品含有自然铜、氯铜矿,表明盐丘体可以为地表铜矿化提供铜源,而卤水中的盐分来自盐丘体中盐、膏的溶解。盐丘系统不但为地表铜矿化提供铜源,而且其卤水对铜的富集、运移起到载体作用。存在于盐丘系统围岩并与后期盐丘体相伴生的断裂、节理、破碎带,为含铜卤水的迁移提供通道,盐丘体后期的构造挤压力,成为含铜卤水的运移动力。因此,盐丘系统发育过程对碎屑岩型铜矿形成起到关键性控制作用。

海底硫化物黑烟囱典型结构构造及其成因意义

在已发现的现代海底黑烟囱中基本都发育分带性构造、通道构造、胶状构造、多孔和填充构造、交代构造、枝状构造等 ,这些构造为硫化物烟囱的典型构造 ,它们记录了硫化物烟囱的形成过程和每个阶段的特征 ,是鉴别硫化物烟囱构造的重要特征。不同类型烟囱的形成除了与其围岩相关外 ,也与烟囱演化的成熟度相关。弥散式喷射作用 (diffuser)是与烟囱构造相似的常在丘体中发育的另一重要构造 ,与烟囱构造不同的是弥散式喷射缺乏象烟囱那样的轴向中央通道 ,热液与海水的混合有严格的范围。烟囱与弥散式喷射作用是丘体上部形成的主要机制。在现代陆上保存的地史时期的块状硫化物矿床中 ,陆续找到了遗留下来的烟囱构造或烟囱残片 (如乌拉尔、皮尔巴拉、爱尔兰、高板河等 ) 。

煤粉浓缩器阻力特性的试验研究

采用近似模化法研究了两种不装导流板的煤粉浓缩器———丘体和百叶窗的阻力随结构参数变化的特性。试验结果表明，随着丘体斜面长度的增加，阻力系数增大。对于百叶窗，阻力系数随着叶片倾角或叶片宽度的增加而增大，叶片间距比的变化对流体流动影响比较大，它在２．５～３．０之间变化时，流动阻力较小。

结构参数对煤粉浓缩器浓缩能力影响的试验研究

对两种煤粉浓缩器丘体和百叶窗的浓缩能力进行了试验研究。结果表明，缩短一次风管道内导流板的长度是可行的。为了在合适的浓淡风比下达到稳定燃烧所需的浓淡比，给出了对应于丘体和百叶窗的导流板高度和浓缩器与导流板距离的变化范围。

Effects of Cumulus Cells on in vitro Fertilization of Bovine

[Objective] The aim was to explore the effect of cumulus cells on the in vitro fertilization of in vitro matured bovine oocytes. [Method] The in vitro matured oocytes were divided into three groups of cumulus cells removal, partial removal and no removal. [Result] In the co-culture with cumulus cells, the oocytes of the removal group had higher cleavage rate and blastocyst rate （74.4%±4.1, 53.7%±5.1） than those of the no removal group （72.7%±5.1, 52.4%±3.5）, but the difference was not significant （P〉0.05）, while both groups had better performances than the re- moval group （39.6%±4.5, 18.8%±4.6） with the difference reaching the significant level （P〈0.05）. All the three groups showed significant difference with the control. The combination of cumulus cells and melatonin achieved the best effects as the cleavage rate and blastocyst rate of the partial removal group （79.8%±3.7, 56.5%±5.1） were better than those of the no removal group （78.2%±2.6, 55.8%±4.6）, and the difference was not significant, while both group had better performances than the removal group （48.3%±5.5, 22.7%±4.3） and the control group with the differences reaching the significant level （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] The study provided technical support for the production of dairy cows and beef cattle.

EFFECTS OF ACUPUNCTURE ON THE HYPOTHALAMUS-PITUITARY-OVARY AXIS IN RATS WITH DYSMENORRHEA

Objective To observe the influence of acupuncture on hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis （HPOA） in rats with primary dysmenorrhea, and to explore its mechanisms. Methods Effects of acupuncture on the concentration level of β-endorphin （β-EP）, hypothalamic hormone （gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH）, pituitary hormone （GnRH receptor GnRH-R, follicle stimulating hormone FSH, luteinizing hormone LH） and ovarian hormone （estrodiol E2, estrodiol receptor ER, progesterone P and progesterone receptor PR） were observed in dysmenorrheic rats. Results After receiving acupuncture treatment, the levels of 13- EP, GnRH, GnRH-R, FSH, LH, E2, ER, P and PR were changed, and this suggested that acupuncture had a regulative action on HPOA in dysmenorrheic rats. Conclusion The mechanism of acupuncture acting on the HPOA with primary dysmenorrhea might be its regulating role to the gonadal hormone of HPOA and its corresponding receptor expression.

Distribution of Oxytocin Hypothamic-Picuitary-Ovary Axis in Guangxi Local Buffalo

To study the association of oxytocin (OT)'s distribution in hypothalamatic,pituitary and ovary,and understand how the OT secrete releasing in hypothalamus,pituitary and ovaries,the paraffin section immunohistochemistry SuperPicTureTM two step method was used to detect the distribution of OT in hypothalamatic-pituitary-ovary axis of five femal Guangxi local buffalo. The test results could provide morphology according to study the OT's synthesis and mechanism of action,and could play reference and directions part in breeding Guangxi local buffalo. The test results display:oxytocin immuno reactive (OT-IR) neuronsw eremainly distributed arcuate nucleus,supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus,and OT-IR neurons was also found in ventromedial nucleus,ventrolateralis nucleus,suprachiasmaticus nucleus,dorsomedial nucleus,mamillary body,anterior hypothalamic nucleus and so on. The OT immunoactive production was found in pituitary and few OT-IR nerve fibers extended to post pituitary from hypophyseal stalk and medium eminence. In ovaries,OT immunoactive productions were only distributed in germinal epithelium cells,granulosa cells and lutein cells. The OT was first discovered in singulorum link of hypothalamatic-pituitary-ovary axis of Guangxi local buffalo. The OT immunoactive neurons were first discovered in every main nucleus of Guangxi local buffalo hypothalamus,especially distributed in arcuate nucleus,supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus.

Regulative Actions of the Chinese Drugs for Tonifying the Kidney on Gene Expression of the Hypothalamic GnRH,Pituitary FSH,LH and Osteoblastic BGP

It is found that the drugs for nourishing yin to reduce pathogenic fire can significantly down-regulate,and the drugs for tonifying the kidney to replenish essence can up-regulate mRNA expression of the hypothalamic GnRH,pituitary FSH,LH and osteoblastic BGP,indicating that the Chinese drugs for tonifying the kidney can regulate gene expression of the hypothalamic GnRH,pituitary FSH,LH,and osteoblastic BGP,which is possibly one of the main mechanisms of the Chinese drug for tonifying the kidney,regulating ephebic development process and improving skeletal development in sexual precocity children.

Compact Pneumatic Pulse-Jet Pump with Venturi-Like Reverse Flow Diverter

A compact pneumatic pulse-jet pump with a Venturi-like reverse flow diverter,which consists of a nozzle and diffuser,is designed for lifting and transporting a hazardous fluid through a narrow mounting hole.The pumping performance for a liquid mixture or a liquid-solid mixture is examined in terms of the effects of liquid viscosity,particle mass concentration,lifting height,and compression pressure.Results reveal that the pumping performance of the compact pneumatic pulse-jet pump is controlled by jet inertia and the flow resistance of the riser tube positioned after the diffuser.The capacity of the compact pneumatic pulse-jet pump increases with compression pressure and decreases with liquid viscosity.However,even for a liquid mixture with a high viscosity of 7.38 mPa·s,a pumping capacity of 170.7 L·h-1 was observed.For a liquid mixture,two dimensionless indices of performance were found to be the ratio of Euler numbers Euout/EuDV and the suction factor q.As the liquid-solid mixture was lifted to elevation of 6.74 m by the compact pump,the particle size distributions of the liquid-solid mixture in the tank and from the riser tube outlet were determined by a particle size analyzer and found to coincide well.

The Effect of Oxidation/Reduction Disposing on Optical Properties of Mg:Fe:Mn:LiNbO_3 Crystals

The congruent tri-doped Mg:Mn:Fe:LiNbO 3 crystal has been grown by Czochralski method. Some crystal samples are reduced in Li 2CO 3 powder at 500 ℃ for 24 hours or oxidized for 10 hours at 1100 ℃ in Nb 2O 5 powder. Compared with As-grown Mg:Mn:Fe:LiNbO 3, the absorption edge in UV-Vis. absorption spectrum of the oxidized sample and the reduced shifts to the violet and the red, respectively. Reduction increases the absorption of crystals in visible light region. In two-wave coupling experiments, the writing time, maximum diffraction efficiency and the erasure time of crystal samples in the same conditions are determined. The results indicate that oxidation and reduction disposing has great effect on the holographic recording properties of these crystals. The reduced crystal exhibits the fastest response time of 160 s among the crystal series. The mechanism of post-disposing effect on the holographic recording properties of Mg:Mn:Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals are investigated.

Investigation of oil-air two-phase mass flow rate measurement using Venturi and void fraction sensor

Oil-air two-phase flow measurement was investigated with a Venturi and void fraction meters in this work. This paper proposes a new flow rate measurement correlation in which the effect of the velocity ratio between gas and liquid was considered. With the pressure drop across the Venturi and the void fraction that was measured by electrical capacitance tomography apparatus, both mixture flow rate and oil flow rate could be obtained by the correlation. Experiments included bubble-, slug-, wave and annular flow with the void fraction ranging from 15% to 83%, the oil flow rate ranging from 0.97 kg/s to 1.78 kg/s, the gas flow rate ranging up to 0.018 kg/s and quality ranging nearly up to 2.0%. The root-mean-square errors of mixture mass flow rate and that of oil mass flow rate were less than 5%. Furthermore, coefficients of the correlation were modified based on flow regimes, with the results showing reduced root-mean-square errors.

Study of Estrus Cow Serum （ECS） in Maturation Media on in vitro Maturation Rate of Bovine Oocytes

The objective of this research was to study the effect of ECS on cumulus expansion and rate of nucleus maturation of bovine oocytes. Media maturation were used： （1） TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10%; （2） TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10% ＋ ECS 5%; （3） TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10% ＋ ECS 7, 5%; （4） TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10% ＋ ECS 10%; （5） TCM 199 ＋ ECS 10%. Supplementation of ECS had significantly difference （P 〈 0.05） on expansion of cumulus cells and rate of nucleus maturation. Supplementation of ECS 5% was the best result in expanded cumulus cells and metaphase II rate： 82% and 72% respectively. It was concluded that medium of TCM 199 ＋ FCS 10%o ＋ ECS 5% was the best maturation medium

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY AREA IN IDIOPATHIC GROWTH DEFICIENCY

In order to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in hypothalamic-pituitary area and its clinical relevance in patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (IGHD), the MR imagings of 26 patients with IGHD were analyzed. On MRI, 24 out of 26 cases (92. 3%) showed apparent pituitary upper margin depression; 8 out of 26 cases (30. 8%) showed definite pituitary stalk transection; 22 out of 26 cases (84. 6%) showed absence of the normal posterior pituitary bright spot. The bright lipidlike signal on T1W1 images at the median eminence distal to the breaking point (so-called ectopic posterior lobe) was found in 4 out of 26 cases (15. 4%). According to the MRI findings of the pituitary stalks, the 26 cases were divided into three groups; group A of 8 cases (31%) characterized by the definite transaction of stalk; group B of 13 cases (50%) defined by the possible stalk transection; and group C of 5 cases (19%) with no definite stalk transection.MRI findings were consistent with the clinical and endocrine tests. The stalk transection was statistically significantly difference in insulin test, L-dopa/p test, and height standard deviation score (P< 0.05). The MRI of hypothalamic-pituitary area may differentiate partial IGHD form stalk-transected, doubtful transection and without transection.

Increased expression level of corticotropin-releasing hormone in the amygdala and in the hypothalamus in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress

Objective Corticotropin-releasing hormone（CRH）plays an important role in neuroendocrine,autonomic and behavioral responses to stressors.In the present study,the effect of chronic unpredictable mild stress（CUMS）on CRH neurons was investigated in rat brain.Methods The rats were exposed to one of the stressors each day for 21 d.Immunostaining was performed to detect the CRH-positive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus（PVN）of the hypothalamus and in amygdala.Results After the stress protocol,the animals showed a reduction in body weight gain as well as reduced sucrose preference and locomotor activity.Interestingly,the CRH neurons in both PVN and central nucleus of the amygdala（CeA）were stimulated by CUMS.The densities of CRH-containing neurons in both PVN and CeA were significantly higher than those in control group.Conclusion The CRH systems in PVN and CeA may both contribute to depression-like behaviors during CUMS.

Sini Powder extract produces antidepressant-like effects in a chronic social defeat stress model of depression in tree shrews

Sini Power（SP） is a famed traditional Chinese formula that has long been used to treat depression. Here, we investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of SP extract on an established model of depression： chronic stressed tree shrew, which mimics the human condition of social stress. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Except for the na？ve group, the other animals were subjected to daily social defeat stress for 5 weeks, and during the last 4 weeks treated with SP extract（3.6 g/kg/d）, fluoxetine（15 mg/kg/d）, and vehicle, respectively. The results showed that SP extract could reverse body weight loss to a certain extent and reduce the levels of urine/serum cortisol that were initially increased by chronic social defeat. In addition, SP extract increased hippocampus norepinephrine concentrations. Our data suggested that SP extract had positive effects on the main depression symptoms in the chronic stressed tree shrew model and that it may be used to help control hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity.

麦田里只有一棵麦子?——《探索外层空间》随想

这是一本科普小册子,讲述的是300年来人类对头顶这片星空的寻寻觅觅。 无论是在心理距离还是物理距离上,这样的题目都离咱们远了点。随大流奔小康已觉气力不济,隔壁阿二整夜“搓麻”声声入耳尚且无法摆平,若干光年之外的星球发生了啥事,和咱有何干系?就算机关算尽在某个地界,比方u31星系吧,找到了人类的远房阔亲戚,而人家也乐于屈尊纡贵乘光速火箭来扶贫,那也得220万年以后了,“再就业工程”

Cross-talk between NMDA and GABA_A receptors in cultured neurons of the rat inferior colliculus

Neuronal ion channels of different types often do not function independently but will inhibit or potentiate the activity of other types of channels,a process called cross-talk.The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) and the γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAA receptor) are important excitatory and inhibitory receptors in the central nervous system,respectively.Currently,cross-talk between the NMDA receptor and the GABAA receptor,particularly in the central auditory system,is not well understood.In the present study,we investigated functional interactions between the NMDA receptor and the GABAA receptor using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques in cultured neurons from the inferior colliculus,which is an important nucleus in the central auditory system.We found that the currents induced by aspartate at 100 μmol L-1 were suppressed by the pre-perfusion of GABA at 100 μmol L-1,indicating cross-inhibition of NMDA receptors by activation of GABAA receptors.Moreover,we found that the currents induced by GABA at 100 μmol L-1 (IGABA) were not suppressed by the pre-perfusion of 100 μmol L-1 aspartate,but those induced by GABA at 3 μmol L-1 were suppressed,indicating concentration-dependent cross-inhibition of GABAA receptors by activation of NMDA receptors.In addition,inhibition of IGABA by aspartate was not affected by blockade of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels with CdCl2 in a solution that contained Ca2+,however,CdCl2 effectively attenuated the inhibition of IGABA by aspartate when it was perfused in a solution that contained Ba2+ instead of Ca2+ or a solution that contained Ca2+ and 10 mmol L-1 BAPTA,a membrane-permeable Ca2+ chelator,suggesting that this inhibition is mediated by Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptors,rather than voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels.Finally,KN-62,a potent inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII),reduced the inhibition of IGABA by aspartate,indicating the involvement of CaMKII in this cross-inhibition.Our study demonstrates a functional interaction between NMDA and GABAA receptors in the inferior colliculus of rats.The presence of cross-talk between these receptors suggests that the mechanisms underlying information processing in the central auditory system may be more complex than previously believed.