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植入“行为规范”的集体行动可能:一个理论分析框架
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作者 李志云 朱宪辰 《上海管理科学》 2017年第6期87-94,共8页
本文围绕共享资源治理的集体行动情景,尝试构建纳入行为规范的效用函数,对行为规范如何影响集体行动进行了分析,以解释现实中新古典或社会偏好(结果分配偏好)所不能解释的"非理性"行为。当事人因偏离规范导致的负效用(心理成... 本文围绕共享资源治理的集体行动情景,尝试构建纳入行为规范的效用函数,对行为规范如何影响集体行动进行了分析,以解释现实中新古典或社会偏好(结果分配偏好)所不能解释的"非理性"行为。当事人因偏离规范导致的负效用(心理成本)与物质收益一道决定其最优行为,进而影响合作均衡,并且因目睹规范偏离而愤怒,促使其实施非物质惩罚,有利于行为规范的维系,并探讨相关因素的边际影响。最后,应用该模型可以较好地解释现实中较大小区集体行动中划分业主小组的必要性,并提供了一个案例说明。纳入行为规范的效用框架,有益于优化机制设计,避免效率的无谓损失。 展开更多
关键词 行为规范 效用函数 心理成本 集体行动 业主小组
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Financing of small and micro enterprises based on P2B net loan mode
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作者 Xu Kuanmin Tang Youchun 《International English Education Research》 2015年第8期68-71,共4页
Small and micro enterprises play an extremely important role in the realization of employment, independent innovation,increasing taxes and so on, It is an important part of national economic development in China. Alth... Small and micro enterprises play an extremely important role in the realization of employment, independent innovation,increasing taxes and so on, It is an important part of national economic development in China. Although the government has introduced a series of supportive policies, but small and micro enterprises arc still faced with many development problems, small and micro enterprises face an important problem is financing difficulty, which relates to its health, sustainable and stable development. This paper analyzes the financing problem of small and micro enterprises from the new net loan mode of P2B, hoping to benefit the development of small and micro enterprises. 展开更多
关键词 small and micro enterprises P2B net loan FINANCING
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