《促织》中的几个疑难词句

一、业根,死期至矣.而翁归,自与汝复算耳. “复算”,课本注:“算账,追究。”“复算”不是一个词,而是一个词组。从上下文语言环境来说,复,作“再”讲,算,即“算账”、“追究”。母言有两层意思:第一层是自己骂儿子;“业根,死期至矣.”说明闯了大祸,关系到全家性命。有算账之意。但这还不够,就引起第二层,“而翁归,自与汝复算耳.”意思是说,你的老子回来再同你算账呀.因此,全句意思可译为“祸根,你的死期到了.你父亲回来,自会和你再算账呀.”这样译,我觉得是比较合乎情理。二、手裁举,则又超忽而跃。“超忽”,课本注:“突然。”浙江人民出版社出版之《高中古诗文助读》(一)关于本文中这一句中的“超忽”一词,也注成“突然,迅速。”我以为都不甚当。

苦尽从甜来

修志十年苦, 陋室伶仃孤。 整天爬格子, 字字下功夫。 修志十年苦, 事业根牢固。 年岁不饶人, 但愿迟作古。 修志十年苦, 思路不模糊。 谁来理解你, 吕陈常光顾。 修志十年苦, 精力衰竭枯。 一朝志出版, 内心腾欢呼。

健康类图书在台市场广阔

“健康就是财富”,生活富裕起来的台湾人逐渐增强了健康意识。人们已从往昔吃得饱、吃得好转变为对健康新知的追求。因此,台湾出版业根据这个社会趋势,近几年纷纷开拓这一出版新领域,出版大量健康类图书,且多以丛书形式出现。如渡假版“健康丛书”、方智版“健康情报系列”、书泉版“全民健康丛书”、正中版“医学保健丛书”、跃升版“保健志”、健康文摘版“健康系列”、开今版“家庭医学图书馆”等等。

来稿摘登

一、炮竹业信贷风险应引起高度重视 农行钦州中支花育华同志根据该行对34家炮竹厂的情况调查,从信贷角度看,认为炮竹工业根本问题是:一“差”、二“高”、三“脱节”、四“薄弱”。 一、一“差”是指原材料等价格剧涨和销价持平形式的差距,造成34家工厂1981年、1988年增亏200万,占历年积累88.89％。 二、二“高”。即负债率、税费率高。34家厂资金来源约6245万元,多项负债率高达88.13％。1987年炮竹厂成本占销价约80％以上,因成本提高,工厂仍要按1985年规定的税费率交税使厂方感到难以承受。

再塑铜都卫士新形象——铜陵市交警支队向济南交警学习活动纪实

1995年10月16日,中共中央总书记、国家主席江泽民为山东济南交警题词:“严格执法、热情服务。”为此公安部号召全国公安干警:“向济南交警学习,推动公安队伍建设。”山东济南交警引发的“交警现象”、“交警效应”,为新时期公安工作树立了一面具有时代精神的旗帜。中国古铜都铜陵市交警支队全体干警积极响应,一个“学济南交警”的热潮正在掀起,他们把“学济南,见行动,树形象,当好铜都卫士”的口号变成了自己的实际行动。日前本刊记者专程赴铜陵市进行了采访。

让改革之春更加明媚

一元复始,万象更新。随着嘹亮的新年钟声,我们满怀胜利的喜悦。送走了硕果累累的1995年,迎来了充满希望的1996年。在这辞旧迎新的时刻,谨向战斗在全省各条战线的人们,以及关心支持《福建改革》的成长的各界人士致以亲切的问候和崇高的敬意! 今天。

Systematic rationalization approach for multivariate correlated alarms based on interpretive structural modeling and Likert scale

Alarm flood is one of the main problems in the alarm systems of industrial process. Alarm root-cause analysis and alarm prioritization are good for alarm flood reduction. This paper proposes a systematic rationalization method for multivariate correlated alarms to realize the root cause analysis and alarm prioritization. An information fusion based interpretive structural model is constructed according to the data-driven partial correlation coefficient calculation and process knowledge modification. This hierarchical multi-layer model is helpful in abnormality propagation path identification and root-cause analysis. Revised Likert scale method is adopted to determine the alarm priority and reduce the blindness of alarm handling. As a case study, the Tennessee Eastman process is utilized to show the effectiveness and validity of proposed approach. Alarm system performance comparison shows that our rationalization methodology can reduce the alarm flood to some extent and improve the performance.

Studies on the Allelopathic Potential of Corn （Zea mays L.） Aqueous Extracts and Root Exudates

This investigation was carried out at Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry-University of Duhok/Kurdistan-Iraq. Three experiments were included in this investigation： （1） First experiment was a bioassay related to the germination performance, shoot and root development of corn （Zea mays L.） and peanut （Arachishypogaea） at two concentrations of root （3% and 1.5%） and shoot （12% and 6%） aqueous extracts of corn medium; （2） The second experiment dedicated to the intercropping of corn and peanut at four treatments; （3） While the third experiment involved the effect of peanut root exudation on growth of corn. Experiment results revealed that corn shoot and root water extracts highly inhibited seed germination of both corn and peanut, the inhibitory of shoot extract was more than root aqueous extract. While its effect on the seedling growth was vice versa as compared with control treatment, there was an increase in root and shoot length of both corn and peanut when grown in corn aqueous extracts. Intercropping experiment results has stimulated most traits of peanut under studying. Also for corn, there was apparent and significant increase in all characteristics as compared with control. It was further confirmed from the results of peanut root exudates that had all studied characters of corn were stimulated than the control treatment.

Quantification of International Competitiveness of Argentine Fishing Industry

In the 1990s, Argentine exports of fishery products increased significantly for different reasons. Competitiveness is the most important internal factor to determine a country＇s export performance. This factor is referenced constantly and it is considered as a necessary condition when it comes to staying in foreign markets, gaining new ones, and increasing the share of exports. This paper is a preliminary study that aims to develop a software tool which is able to characterize the competitiveness of Argentina in the international market for fishery products. We propose to use predicates generated from the knowledge of experts in the study area and evaluate them through Compensatory Fuzzy Logic. The predicates were related to obtain a value that quantifies the competitiveness of Argentina in the various markets in which it provides. The analysis of results verifies the consistency of the computer tool developed. This methodology applied to the fishing industry is an innovative approach to Argentina, not only for the sector in question but also for other industrial sectors that make up the country＇s productive system

Amylose contents of cereals; influence of household processing on the amylose contents of these foods

Amylose is a food starch found in cereals, legumes and root vegetables. Keeping in view the importance of amylose for various food industries as well as its importance on domestic level, the current study was conducted to analyze the amylose content of common cereals e. g rice （sela, coarse and basmati）, maize yellow, Kisan and Azam varieties and wheat （Tatara, Fakhr-e-sarhad and Bakhtawar-92） varieties as well as quantifying the influence of cooking/boiling procedures on the amylose contents of cereals. The maximum amylose content were observed for wheat variety Tatara （24.28%） followed by Bakhtawar-92 （22.74%） and Fakhr-e-sarhad （19.77%）. Among maize and rice varieties studied, Kisan and course rice were rich in amylose content with values of 27.19 and 30.48% respectively. The chapti of Tatra wheat were scored highest for appearance （7.6）, flavor （7.5）, texture （7.6） and overall acceptability （7.55）. The roti of Kisan and Azam varieties got maximum appearance score of 7.6 as compared to 7.4 for maize yellow variety. Basmati rice was scored highest regarding appearance （8.4）, flavor （8.6）, texture （8.6） and overall acceptability （8.53. The moisture content ranged from 10.61 （Azam） to 8.01% （wheat variety Fakhr-e-sarhad）. Cooking reduced the amylose content of wheat bread from （19.77%-24.28%） to （15.47%-15.94%） with cooking time of 5 min, maize bread from （21.48%-27.19%） to （19.53 %-25.85%） with maximum cooking time of 10 min and boiled rice from （24.90%-30.48%） to （24.18%-30.19%） with cooking time ranging from 12 to 20 min. It can be inferred from these studies that the reduction in amylose content were more in chapti/roti preparation of wheat and maize varieties as compared to boiling of rice varieties and that significant varietals differences exist in amylose content of the uncooked samples.

N Cycle, N Flow Trends in Japan, and Strategies for Reducing N_2O Emission and NO_3^- Pollution

To feed an increasing population, large amounts of chemical nitrogen fertilizer have been used to produce much of our food, feed and fiber thereby increasing nitrogen levels in soils, natural waters, crop residues, livestock wastes,and municipal and agricultural wastes, with national and international concern about its potential adverse effects on environmental quality and public health. To understand these phenomena and problems, first the nitrogen cycle and the environment are described. Then recent trends for nitrogen cycling through the food and feed system, N2O emissions from fertilized upland and paddy soils, and NO-3 pollution in ground water in Japan are reported. Finally, mitigation strategies in Japan for reducing N2O emission and NO-3 pollution are proposed, including nitrification inhibitors, controlled release fertilizers, utilization of plant species that could suppress nitrification, utilizing the toposequence, government policy, and appropriate agricultural practices. Of all the technologies presented, use of nitrification inhibitors and controlled release fertilizers are deemed the most important with further development of these aspects of technologies being expected. These practices, if employed worldwide, could help reduce the load, or environmental deterioration, on the Earth's biosphere.

Argentinean Commercial Malbec Wines： Regional Sensory Profiles

Sensory evaluation was performed on 32 commercial Malbec wines （2008 and 2009 vintages） produced in five provinces of Argentina. Wines from different areas in Mendoza （the most important producer of Malbec） were also included to test possible differences within this province. Ten key attributes were first recognized by descriptive analyses and then carefully evaluated by a trained sensory panel composed of 10 judges. Among the aroma and flavour attributes the analyses focused on plum, red fruits, white pepper, bell pepper, and floral. Three attributes of taste （acidity, astringency, and bitterness） and two attributes of color （red and blue-purple hues） were also analyzed. Statistical differences and similarities in sensory data were tested using analysis of variance （ANOVA）, multiple means comparisons by least significant difference test （Fisher LSD）, and principal component analysis （PCA）. ANOVA and Fisher LSD tests of sensory data showed significant differences （P 〈 0.05） for 6 out of 10 wine attributes： plum, floral, red fruits, astringency, red and blue- purple hues.

Root Structure,Distribution and Biomass in Five Multipurpose Tree Species of Western Himalayas

【Title】【Author】【Addresses】1The tree root distribution pattern and biomass of seventeen year old trees of Grewia optiva, Morus alba, Celtis australis, Bauhinia variegata and Robinia pseudoacacia were studied by excavation method. B. variegata roots penetrated to a maximum depth of 4.78 m, whereas, M. alba roots were found down to 1.48 m depth. Lateral spread was minimum in B. variegata （1.10 m）and maximum inR. pseudoacacia （7.33 m）. Maximum root biomass of 6.30 kg was found in R. pseudoacacia and minimum （2.43 kg） was found in M. alba. For four species viz.,G. optiva, M. alba, C. australis andR. pseudoacacia, 68%-87% root biomass occurred within top 0-30 cm soil depth, but forB. variegata this was only45%. The soil binding factor was maximum in G. optiva and minimum in B. variegata. Soil physico-chemical properties also showed wide variation. The study suggests thatB. variegata with a deep root system is the most suitable species for plantation under agroforestry systems. R. pseudoacacia and G. optiva with deep root systems, more lateral spread and high soil binding factor are suitable for plantation on degraded lands for soil conservation.

In Vitro Propagation of Ardisia mamillata Hance

Ardisia mamillata Hance is a rare plant with highly ornamental and medicinal value. The traditional propagation methods for A. mamillata by seeds or cutting provided low proliferation rate. This study is to optimize the propagation technique of A. mamillata by tissue culture and set up an industrial production system to provide plenty of A. mamillata seedlings for the human demand. The optimal initiation medium for A. mamillata is MS +2.0 mg/L BA +0.1 mg/L NAA +30 g/L sugar, providing76.4% initiation rate. The optimal shoot proliferation medium for A. mamillata is MS+1.0 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+30 g/L sugar, providing 4.56 fold proliferation rate and3.10 cm shoot in height. The optimal shoot elongation medium for A. mamillata is MS+0.5 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+30 g/L sugar, providing 2.77 fold proliferation rate and 4.27 cm shoot in height. The optimal rooting medium for A. mamillata is 1/2MS+0.1 mg/L IBA +15 g/L sugar, providing 99.7% rooting rate, 4.0 roots per individual,7.53 cm root in length and 3.94 cm shoot in height. This provides a reliable mass propagation method for A. mamillata.

The Public Institutions of Science and Technology as Knowledge Source in the Learning Networks of Agri-food Sectors in Argentina

In the case of agrifood productions, Argentinean enterprisesmainly medium and smallzized, have a critical neck bottle that limits their possibility to build endogenous capabilities for knowledge production, circulation and appropriation. As a consequence, public institutions of science and technology have been called to play a central role in the innovation systems providing relevant inputs for the necessary learning process in order to obtain product and process innovation. Nevertheless, it looks like that these institutions, in Argentina, are prisoners of the offer （science） push--demand pull tension far away of a systemic behavior in an innovative environment. This work studies four cases of agrifood production in Argentina, considering a regional approach and the learning networks around each production. It is concluded that the behavior of each institution is different for each case. INTA has a systemic conduct in all cases while the other ones show a systemic behavior only in the case that their offer matches to specific demands.

2024年浙江省“建行·钟声杯”乒乓球比赛

4月24日至27日,2024年浙江省“建行·钟声杯”乒乓球比赛暨省高校“校长杯”乒乓球个人赛在永康市体育中心成功举办。浙江省教育工会主席、省钟声体协主席王玉庆宣布比赛开幕,永康市委常委、宣传部部长施礼干,建行浙江省分行机构业务部副总经理刘志伟,省教育工会一级调研员、省钟声体协副主席兼秘书长葛海平,金华市总工会党组成员、经审会主任、教育工会主席吴飞,永康教育局党委书记、局长陈业根,永康市文广旅体局党委书记、局长施一军出席了开幕式。

Factorial analysis of the effect of sugarbeet vinasses on agroecological indices in horticultural field

The impact on soil of applying sugarbeet vinasses （V） was analyzed through a field experiment in horticulture greenhouse, arranged in a 23 factorial design. Two levels of three independent variables--application of V, use of polyethylene cover （PC） on the soil. and soil depth （D）---on various dependent variables were studied. Vinasses favoured crop yield and reduced the number of Meloidogyne incognita juveniles in soil. The concentrations ofN. P and K increased with the interaction VxD, with PC also increasing N concentration. The amounts of humic acids and humin decreased with D; fulvic acid concentration increased with V, but decreased with the interaction VxPC. Soil physical factors were improved mainly with D and V. Aromaticity of humic acid-like fractions increased ~＇itb V. In general, V showed significant effects mainly on the topsoil, suggesting low leaching risks. The results indicate that the levels of the independent factors improving a group of variables were not the same that those contributing to another group. Therefore, their best combination should be determined for each scenario to achieve optimum agroecological performance.

蘇聯勞動後備部地方機構的工作任務(資料)

现根据一九四八年出版之蘇聯勞動後備部重要法令彙编整理出下列材料僅供各地在學習上参考

沙嶺营業所積極供应購粮資金

遼寧盤山縣沙嶺區是全縣較大的經濟作物區,也是全縣的丰產區。在今年麥收購粮工作開始前,沙嶺區成立了一个粮食收購站,下設兩个收購點(古城子、孟家村)。

湖北省工业厅关于厂矿统计分工的指示

湖北省工业根据各厂矿的业务范围、组织机构、工作条件等的不同,对该省地方国营各厂矿的统计分工作出了如下的指示: