南北两半球大气中高纬度之间的相互作用与季风等跨半球的天气气候系统存在着密切联系,由于涉及全球范围的大尺度环流与能量变化,其联系途径与机理受到学者们的广泛关注。本文结合ERA5再分析资料以及CMIP6中MPI-ESM1-2-HR模式历史输出资...南北两半球大气中高纬度之间的相互作用与季风等跨半球的天气气候系统存在着密切联系,由于涉及全球范围的大尺度环流与能量变化,其联系途径与机理受到学者们的广泛关注。本文结合ERA5再分析资料以及CMIP6中MPI-ESM1-2-HR模式历史输出资料,验证了冬季南北半球际大气质量涛动(Inter-Hemispheric atmospheric mass Oscillation, IHO)与东亚冬季风异常的联系及其对中国冬季气温的影响。研究表明,再分析资料以及模式结果均表明冬季IHO与东亚冬季风存在显著的正相关关系。IHO通过全球大气质量再分配与东亚冬季风建立起紧密的联系。当IHO为正位相时,大气质量在欧亚大陆北部异常堆积,而在中低纬地区异常亏损,这使得东亚地区海陆气压差明显增大,冬季风增强,同时对中国华中地区冬季地表气温具有显著影响;反之亦然。进一步分析发现,热带低平流层气温可以通过剩余环流调节臭氧含量经向分布进而影响南极对流层气温,从而对IHO年际变化起主要的驱动作用。展开更多
为了研究中东急流对东亚冬季风系统的影响,本文基于1979~2021年ERA5月平均再分析资料,使用EOF分析,回归分析等方法研究了冬季中东急流的时空变化特征及其对东亚冬季大气环流和气温、降水的影响。结果表明:(1) 冬季中东急流变化的第一模...为了研究中东急流对东亚冬季风系统的影响,本文基于1979~2021年ERA5月平均再分析资料,使用EOF分析,回归分析等方法研究了冬季中东急流的时空变化特征及其对东亚冬季大气环流和气温、降水的影响。结果表明:(1) 冬季中东急流变化的第一模态反映出急流核下游的急流变化特征,第二模态呈现出显著的南北反相变化特征,第三模态反映出急流核上游的急流变化特征;(2) 冬季中东急流的强度异常和东西位置异常都对东亚地区的冬季气候变化有着重要影响:当中东急流强度偏强,位置偏东时,中国南方地区出现异常偏南风,有利于冬季降水增多。中国东北、朝鲜半岛及日本地区的通过下沉增温导致冬季温度升高。(3) 中东急流异常对东亚大槽、东亚西风急流有显著影响,中东急流强度偏强,位置偏东时,东亚大槽、东亚急流减弱。对西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压的影响较不显著。To investigate the impact of the Middle East Jet Stream on the East Asian Winter Monsoon System, this study utilized the ERA5 monthly mean reanalysis data from 1979 to 2021, employing EOF analysis, regression analysis, and other methods to examine the spatiotemporal variations of the winter Middle East Jet Stream and its influence on the atmospheric circulation, temperature, and precipitation in East Asia during winter. The results indicate that: (1) The first mode of variation in the winter Middle East Jet Stream reflects the characteristics of jet changes downstream of the jet core, while the second mode exhibits significant north-south phase opposition, and the third mode reflects the characteristics of jet changes upstream of the jet core;(2) Abnormalities in the intensity and east-west position of the winter Middle East Jet Stream have significant impacts on the winter climate change in East Asia: When the jet is unusually strong and located further east, anomalous southerly winds occur in southern China, favoring increased winter precipitation. Meanwhile, the temperature in Northeast China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan rises due to subsidence warming. (3) Abnormalities in the Middle East Jet Stream have a significant impact on the East Asian trough and the East Asian westerly jet. When the jet is unusually strong and located further east, the East Asian trough and jet weaken. However, the impact on the Siberian High and the Aleutian Low is less significant.展开更多
基于东安格里亚大学气候研究中心(Climatic Research Unit,CRU)资料及NCEP/DOE再分析数据集,评估了第六次国际耦合模式比较计划(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6,CMIP6)中BCC-CSM2-MR气候模式对东亚冬季风(East Asian Wi...基于东安格里亚大学气候研究中心(Climatic Research Unit,CRU)资料及NCEP/DOE再分析数据集,评估了第六次国际耦合模式比较计划(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6,CMIP6)中BCC-CSM2-MR气候模式对东亚冬季风(East Asian Winter Monsoom,EAWM)气候特征的模拟能力.结果表明:BCC-CSM2-MR模式能够合理再现西伯利亚高压、阿留申低压、850 hPa偏北风、500 hPa东亚大槽及200 hPa东亚西风急流等EAWM环流系统的气候态分布.其中,BCC-CSM2-MR模式对500 hPa高度场的模拟效果最好.BCC-CSM2-MR模式能够捕捉EAWM的年际变化及年代际减弱趋势,但是模式中EAWM的减弱趋势小于观测结果.模式能够模拟出EAWM异常对应的西伯利亚高压异常及阿留申低压异常,但是由于高低压异常中心位置与观测资料的差异,导致模式中EAWM异常对应的东亚低层北风异常相对观测结果偏弱,2 m气温负异常也较观测结果偏弱.展开更多
文摘南北两半球大气中高纬度之间的相互作用与季风等跨半球的天气气候系统存在着密切联系,由于涉及全球范围的大尺度环流与能量变化,其联系途径与机理受到学者们的广泛关注。本文结合ERA5再分析资料以及CMIP6中MPI-ESM1-2-HR模式历史输出资料,验证了冬季南北半球际大气质量涛动(Inter-Hemispheric atmospheric mass Oscillation, IHO)与东亚冬季风异常的联系及其对中国冬季气温的影响。研究表明,再分析资料以及模式结果均表明冬季IHO与东亚冬季风存在显著的正相关关系。IHO通过全球大气质量再分配与东亚冬季风建立起紧密的联系。当IHO为正位相时,大气质量在欧亚大陆北部异常堆积,而在中低纬地区异常亏损,这使得东亚地区海陆气压差明显增大,冬季风增强,同时对中国华中地区冬季地表气温具有显著影响;反之亦然。进一步分析发现,热带低平流层气温可以通过剩余环流调节臭氧含量经向分布进而影响南极对流层气温,从而对IHO年际变化起主要的驱动作用。
文摘为了研究中东急流对东亚冬季风系统的影响,本文基于1979~2021年ERA5月平均再分析资料,使用EOF分析,回归分析等方法研究了冬季中东急流的时空变化特征及其对东亚冬季大气环流和气温、降水的影响。结果表明:(1) 冬季中东急流变化的第一模态反映出急流核下游的急流变化特征,第二模态呈现出显著的南北反相变化特征,第三模态反映出急流核上游的急流变化特征;(2) 冬季中东急流的强度异常和东西位置异常都对东亚地区的冬季气候变化有着重要影响:当中东急流强度偏强,位置偏东时,中国南方地区出现异常偏南风,有利于冬季降水增多。中国东北、朝鲜半岛及日本地区的通过下沉增温导致冬季温度升高。(3) 中东急流异常对东亚大槽、东亚西风急流有显著影响,中东急流强度偏强,位置偏东时,东亚大槽、东亚急流减弱。对西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压的影响较不显著。To investigate the impact of the Middle East Jet Stream on the East Asian Winter Monsoon System, this study utilized the ERA5 monthly mean reanalysis data from 1979 to 2021, employing EOF analysis, regression analysis, and other methods to examine the spatiotemporal variations of the winter Middle East Jet Stream and its influence on the atmospheric circulation, temperature, and precipitation in East Asia during winter. The results indicate that: (1) The first mode of variation in the winter Middle East Jet Stream reflects the characteristics of jet changes downstream of the jet core, while the second mode exhibits significant north-south phase opposition, and the third mode reflects the characteristics of jet changes upstream of the jet core;(2) Abnormalities in the intensity and east-west position of the winter Middle East Jet Stream have significant impacts on the winter climate change in East Asia: When the jet is unusually strong and located further east, anomalous southerly winds occur in southern China, favoring increased winter precipitation. Meanwhile, the temperature in Northeast China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan rises due to subsidence warming. (3) Abnormalities in the Middle East Jet Stream have a significant impact on the East Asian trough and the East Asian westerly jet. When the jet is unusually strong and located further east, the East Asian trough and jet weaken. However, the impact on the Siberian High and the Aleutian Low is less significant.