This study documents the first two principal modes of interannual variability of midsummer precipitation over Northeast China （NEC） and their associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. It is shown that the first ...This study documents the first two principal modes of interannual variability of midsummer precipitation over Northeast China （NEC） and their associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. It is shown that the first principal mode exhibits the largest amount of variability in precipitation over the south of NEC （referred to as the south mode）, whereas the second principal mode behaves with the greatest precipitation anomaly over the north of NEC （referred to as the north mode）. Further findings reveal that, through modulating moisture transportation and upper- and lower-troposphere divergence circulation as well as vertical movement over NEC, the anomalous northwestern Pacific anticyclone and the anticyclone centered over northern NEC exert the dominant influence on the south and north modes, respectively. Additionally, it is quantitatively estimated that water vapor across the southern boundary of NEC dominates the moisture budget for the south mode, while the north mode has a close connection with moisture through NEC＇s northern and western boundal＇ies. Furthermore, the north （south） mode is strongly related to the intensity （meridional shift） of the East Asian westerly jet.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） in prevention and control of liver fluke infection in northeast Thailand. METHODS： A descriptive KAP survey pertaining to liver fluke infection was ca...AIM： To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） in prevention and control of liver fluke infection in northeast Thailand. METHODS： A descriptive KAP survey pertaining to liver fluke infection was carried out in June 2005 to October 2006 using structured questionnaires. Data were collected by questionnaires consisting of general parameters, knowledge, attitude, practice, and a history of participation in the prevention and control of liver fluke infection. RESULTS： A total of 1077 persons who were interviewed and completed the questionnaires were enrolled in the study. The majority were females （69.5%） and many of them were 15-20 years of age （37.26%）. The questionnaires revealed that information resources on liver fluke infection included local public health volunteers （31.37%）, public health officers （18.72%）, televisions （14.38%）, local heads of sub-districts （12.31%）, doctors and nurses （9.18%）, newspaper （5.72）, intemets （5.37%）, and others （12.95%）. Fiftyfive point eleven percent of the population had a good level of liver fluke knowledge concerning the mode of disease transmission and 79.72% of the population had a good level of prevention and control knowledge with regards to defecation and consumption. The attitude and practice in liver fluke prevention and control were also at a good level with a positive awareness, participation, and satisfaction of 72.1% and 60.83% of the persons studied. However, good health behavior was found in 39.26% and 41.42% of the persons studied who had unhygienic defecation and ate raw cyprinoid＇s fish. The result also showed that 41.25% of the persons studied previously joined prevention and control campaigns. CONCLUSION： The persons studied have a high level of liver fluke knowledge and positive attitude. However, improvement is required regarding personal hygiene specifically with hygienic defecation and consumption of undercooked fish.展开更多
To examine the effects of microtopography on the stoichiometry of carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) in mosses along the hummock-hollow gradient in boreal peatlands, we investigated species-level C?N, C?P and N?...To examine the effects of microtopography on the stoichiometry of carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) in mosses along the hummock-hollow gradient in boreal peatlands, we investigated species-level C?N, C?P and N?P ratios of five mosses(Sphagnum magellanicum, S. perichaetiale, S. palustre, S. girgensohnii and Aulacomnium palustre) in the hummocks, hollows and their intermediate zones, and then assessed community-level spatial patterns in a boreal ombrotrophic peatland of north of the Great Xing'an Mountain, Northeast China. The results show that at the species level, C?N, C?P and N?P ratios of the selected Sphagnum mosses remained stable in the hummock-hollow complexes due to unchanged C, N and P concentrations, whereas the non-Sphagnum moss(A. palustre) in the hummocks and intermediate zones had lower P concentrations and thus greater C?P ratios than that in the hollows. At the community level, moss N concentration and C?N ratio remained constant along the hummock-hollow gradient, whereas hummocks and intermediate zones had higher community-level moss C?P and N?P ratios than hollows because of greater C and lower P concentrations. These findings imply that the effects of microtopography on moss C?N?P stoichiometry are scale-dependent and reveal spatial heterogeneity in C and nutrient dynamics. These results provide a more comprehensive understanding of biogeochemical cycles in boreal peatlands.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2016YFA0600703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41805046)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (Grant No.18KJB170013)the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST (Grant No.2243141701085)the funding of the Jiangsu Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team
文摘This study documents the first two principal modes of interannual variability of midsummer precipitation over Northeast China （NEC） and their associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. It is shown that the first principal mode exhibits the largest amount of variability in precipitation over the south of NEC （referred to as the south mode）, whereas the second principal mode behaves with the greatest precipitation anomaly over the north of NEC （referred to as the north mode）. Further findings reveal that, through modulating moisture transportation and upper- and lower-troposphere divergence circulation as well as vertical movement over NEC, the anomalous northwestern Pacific anticyclone and the anticyclone centered over northern NEC exert the dominant influence on the south and north modes, respectively. Additionally, it is quantitatively estimated that water vapor across the southern boundary of NEC dominates the moisture budget for the south mode, while the north mode has a close connection with moisture through NEC＇s northern and western boundal＇ies. Furthermore, the north （south） mode is strongly related to the intensity （meridional shift） of the East Asian westerly jet.
基金Supported by the Department of Research, College of Medicine and Public Healththe Division of Research Promotion, Ubon Rajathanee University, Thailand
文摘AIM： To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） in prevention and control of liver fluke infection in northeast Thailand. METHODS： A descriptive KAP survey pertaining to liver fluke infection was carried out in June 2005 to October 2006 using structured questionnaires. Data were collected by questionnaires consisting of general parameters, knowledge, attitude, practice, and a history of participation in the prevention and control of liver fluke infection. RESULTS： A total of 1077 persons who were interviewed and completed the questionnaires were enrolled in the study. The majority were females （69.5%） and many of them were 15-20 years of age （37.26%）. The questionnaires revealed that information resources on liver fluke infection included local public health volunteers （31.37%）, public health officers （18.72%）, televisions （14.38%）, local heads of sub-districts （12.31%）, doctors and nurses （9.18%）, newspaper （5.72）, intemets （5.37%）, and others （12.95%）. Fiftyfive point eleven percent of the population had a good level of liver fluke knowledge concerning the mode of disease transmission and 79.72% of the population had a good level of prevention and control knowledge with regards to defecation and consumption. The attitude and practice in liver fluke prevention and control were also at a good level with a positive awareness, participation, and satisfaction of 72.1% and 60.83% of the persons studied. However, good health behavior was found in 39.26% and 41.42% of the persons studied who had unhygienic defecation and ate raw cyprinoid＇s fish. The result also showed that 41.25% of the persons studied previously joined prevention and control campaigns. CONCLUSION： The persons studied have a high level of liver fluke knowledge and positive attitude. However, improvement is required regarding personal hygiene specifically with hygienic defecation and consumption of undercooked fish.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31570479,41671091,41730643,41471056)
文摘To examine the effects of microtopography on the stoichiometry of carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) in mosses along the hummock-hollow gradient in boreal peatlands, we investigated species-level C?N, C?P and N?P ratios of five mosses(Sphagnum magellanicum, S. perichaetiale, S. palustre, S. girgensohnii and Aulacomnium palustre) in the hummocks, hollows and their intermediate zones, and then assessed community-level spatial patterns in a boreal ombrotrophic peatland of north of the Great Xing'an Mountain, Northeast China. The results show that at the species level, C?N, C?P and N?P ratios of the selected Sphagnum mosses remained stable in the hummock-hollow complexes due to unchanged C, N and P concentrations, whereas the non-Sphagnum moss(A. palustre) in the hummocks and intermediate zones had lower P concentrations and thus greater C?P ratios than that in the hollows. At the community level, moss N concentration and C?N ratio remained constant along the hummock-hollow gradient, whereas hummocks and intermediate zones had higher community-level moss C?P and N?P ratios than hollows because of greater C and lower P concentrations. These findings imply that the effects of microtopography on moss C?N?P stoichiometry are scale-dependent and reveal spatial heterogeneity in C and nutrient dynamics. These results provide a more comprehensive understanding of biogeochemical cycles in boreal peatlands.
