白云鄂博铁矿主、东采场5年规划研究

文章根据包头钢铁(集团)公司钢铁产量目标,确定白云鄂博铁矿主、东矿的产量要稳定在1 200万t,按照充分合理利用铁矿石资源的原则,从时、空、量三方面合理规划,研究编制白云铁矿主、东采场规划,以确保白云鄂博铁矿矿石生产能力的持续稳定。

白云鄂博铁矿东采场C区爆破震动测试与分析

文中对东采场C区岩性和构造等地质特征进行分析,认为保护边坡必须对爆破震动进行测试和分析,通过对此区域爆破振动衰减规律、频谱、波延时间、加速度等分析,提出了C区爆破采取的技术措施。

白云铁矿东采场东端帮难爆部位爆破参数优化

根据白云铁矿东采场端部边坡现场的现状,采用测线法进行节理调查统计,为起爆网络的设计和起爆方向的选定提供了重要的参考依据。理论计算和现场爆破试验实现了有机结合。以白云铁矿东采场的岩性、地质构造的实验测定参数计算的理论成果,对现场爆破方案的制定起到了直接的指导作用,如以裂隙优势方位决定起爆方向、孔内装药起爆位置确定、台阶底部超深以改善柱状药包端部效应等,文章通过对爆破参数和爆破延时优化,改变起爆方向,提高了爆破质量,克服以往因该部位爆破质量不好对生产效率的影响。

程潮矿业东采工区采矿甲班 在最危险的岗位上守护安全

矿山开采支撑全球工业经济发展的基石,而矿山开采也是危险性最高的行业之一,即使今天许多生产环节已经采用机械化作业,采矿工人们仍然需要时刻与危险相伴。在宝武武钢资源集团程潮矿业公司,采矿分公司东采工区采矿甲班不仅多年保持出矿量在全国领先,是全公司乃至全国鼎鼎有名的采矿"劳模班",而且连续28年零事故,做到了安全与发展的完美平衡,成为全省的先进标杆。

工程技术研究院完成准东采油厂地面系统现状调研工作

2016年10月16日至10月18日,为推进新疆油田公司地面系统适应性及老油气田项目改造工作,由基本建设工程处牵头,联合工程技术研究院、实验检测研究院、新疆油田勘察设计院有关技术人员开展了准东采油厂地面系统现状调查工作。

小活动大文化——大冶铁矿安全文化掠影

安全重视于心,安全重实于行。2014年,大冶铁矿以小活动培育大文化,通过各种形式,创新班组安全文化,促进了铁矿安全生产建设。安全手册入脑入心2014年8月15日,大冶铁矿东采车间爆破班职工争相传阅着一本《东采安全在行动》实用手册,共收集了安全反思材料、岗位确认制安全漫画、安全标准化示范班组创建以及手指口述、早操点名、案例分析等内容，以图文并茂的形式展现在职工眼前。

山坡露天矿大爆破的设计与施工

宁夏地区露天矿床的赋存特点是矿层直接出露地表,厚度大、埋藏浅、剥采比小,呈倾斜、缓倾斜的单斜或盆状构造,且覆盖土岩多为高差不一的山岭或山丘。汝箕沟、二道岭煤田和大武口石英岩矿田等均如此。山坡露天矿基建时,为加快速度,往往对设备、人员不能正常作业的山头部分进行大爆破处理。大峰和太阳山露天煤矿在基建初期,曾对首采区陡坡山脊岩层用硐室爆破来降低开采水平,以简化开拓系统的布置形式。本文仅对二道岭煤田太阳山露天矿东采区,用硐室大爆破处理基建量所做的设计与施工作一简介。

对山西建设大型矿井和小型矿井的看法

<正> 山西正在建设的大型矿井有三对;轩岗刘家梁矿井、古交西曲矿井和大同燕子山矿井。当前准备建设的大型矿井为古交镇城底矿井。已经开工和准备开工的小井有四对:阳泉6~#层斜井、阳泉丈八层斜井、太原煤气公司加泉矿井和太原煤气公司炉峪口矿井。其中刘家梁矿井由1973年开始建设,预计1983年底投产东采区,建井周期达11年之久。投资高、经济效益差系历史原因造成。

Dynamic change of arborous species diversity in natural secondary forests after selective cutting on the north slope of Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

The community characteristics of natural secondary forests on the north slope of Changbai Mountain after selective cutting were investigated, and the dynamics of arborous species diversity during the restoration period of 28 years were studied. The results showed that the arborous species richness (S) had little change and kept the range of 18-22 all along, the Simpson index (D) of the secondary layer and regeneration layer and whole stand had similar trends of change, but that of the canopy layer descended slowly in initial 15 years and had little change later, and the change of diversity index was not obvious and the Shannon-Wiener index (H? fluctuated in a very small scopes (H±10%).

金点子 金不换——天下处处有财路 无本也能赚大钱

一位山里姑娘第一次进城,发现城里人很喜欢鲜花,于是脑子里闪过一个主意。回到家里,她把野地里的鲜花采下来。

秀秀我和女儿的树叶画

有一次打开电脑,看见了小美羊羊的《有趣的树叶拼贴画》,感觉挺不错的,后来又看了加木妈妈和孩子一起做的树叶画,更有了跟女儿一起做树叶画的冲动。加木妈妈看到我的留言后发来消息：＂等着欣赏你的树叶画呢,动手吧!＂呵呵,怎能辜负加木妈妈的一片期待之心呢,看来我们真的要动手了!首先呢,要准备素材。

Coal mining in northeast India： an overview of environmental issues and treatment approaches

Northeast India has a good deposit of sub-bituminous tertiary coal. The northeast Indian coals have unusual physico-chemical characteristics such as high sulfur, volatile matter and vitrinite content, and low ash content. In addition, many environmental sensitive organic and mineral bound elements such as Fe, Mg, Bi, AI, V, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Mn etc. remain enriched in these coals. Such characteristics are associated with more severe environmental impacts due to mining and its utilization in coal based industries. Environmental challenges include large scale landscape damage, soil erosion, loss of forest ecosystem and wildlife habitat, air, water and soil pollution. Several physical and chemical methods are reported in literature for the removal of mineral matter, total sulfur and different forms of sulfur from high sulfur coal in northeast India. This paper may help different researchers and stakeholders to understand current state of research in the field. Initiatives may be taken towards sustainable use of coal resources by adopting innovative clean technologies and by implementing effective control measures and regulatory policies.

Evaluation and empirical research on the energy efficiency of 20 mining cities in Eastern and Central China

The gap of energy efficiency of eastern and central mining cities in China continues to expand, getting more attention from relevant departments. In this work, 20 mining cities in Eastern and Central China from 2010 to 2014 have been selected as research samples using data envelopment analysis(DEA).Research results show that the level of energy efficiency in mining cities is still low. China is in an extensive economic growth mode with high input, high consumption, low output and low efficiency. Mining cities in China have a huge potential to conserve energy and reduce emissions. China should optimize industrial structures, strengthen scientific and technological input and innovation, as well as implement energy-saving emissions reductions, and increase investment in environmental protection and ideological propaganda.

Study of Natural and Fishing Mortality and Exploitation Rate of Anchovy Kilka Clupeonella engraufiformis in Southeast Part of the Caspian Sea （Babolsar）

The objective of this study was to estimate natural, fishing and total mortality, survival and exploitation rates of Clupeonella engrauliformis in the southern Caspian Sea. Survival rate and natural mortality were calculated using catch curve and Pauly methods, respectively. Natural and fishing mortality have been estimated up to 0.633 yr^-1 and 0.437 yr^-1, respectively. According to catch curve method, the annual survival rate of anchovy kilka has been estimated up to 0.343 yr^-1. With owning this survival rate, the instantaneous coefficient of total mortality of anchovy kilka has been estimated up to 1.07 yr^-1. The exploitation rate of anchovy kilka has been estimated up to 0.408. The catch amounts of anchovy kilka decreased gradually mainly due to overfishing, predators and ecological disturbances occurred in the Caspian Sea. The results suggest that the population of anchovy kilka were overexploited in the past years and were vulnerable to their natural predators.

Research and application of strip mining of village coal pillar at coal field of the north of the Yellow River in Shandong Province

This paper focuses on the village coal pillar under huge thick loose bed and thin bedrock over high prelatic water level at the north of the Yellow River. The strip mining technology was used to protect the village houses. The stratum structure control action of mining subsidence was used to design the mining and pillar width. To further raise resources recovery, we adopted the mutative scheme of mining and pillar width. Observation was carried out while mining. Research shows there is feasibility of the strip mining technology to protecting the village buildings of the village coal pillar under huge thick loose bed and thin bedrock over high prelatic water level at the north of the Yellow River. Finally, subsidence parameters of strip mining were obtained. It is the basic data of the strip mining of the coal field at the north of the Yellow River.

Three Projects of Intelligent Distribution Automation System in East Asia

Intelligent distribution automation system （IDAS） was developed based on distribution automation system that was installed in all distribution offices of Korea. IDAS was designed the combined system with the function of supervisory control and data acquisition （SCADA） and distribution automation system （DAS） for network operation from substation to high voltage customer, and it has been installed in Vietnam, China and Indonesia. This paper explains the project scope, system configuration, and the function of each sy stem.

Forest Conflict on the Forest Resources Management between Indigenous People and the Logging Company in Small Island

Many conflicts are reported in small islands mainly in Eastern region of Indonesia and it is needed to conflict resolution in the forest sector. The research has been conducted on forest conflict in the small island of Yamdena. The aims of the research were： （1） to determine the customary rights of indigenous peoples to the forest area that was claimed as theirs according to the applicable rules and regulations; （2） to study the causes of conflict between indigenous peoples and the logging company; （3） to analyze the policy in the forest resources management on the customary land. This research is qualitative and uses a case study methodology. Data collection methods used include semi-structured interviews, participant observation and focus group discussion （FGD）. The results showed that indigenous peoples whose livelihood is highly dependent on the forest were most threatened because of forest exploitation of their traditional land by the logging company. Handling of the conflict potential in the forest resources management in Yamdena island was approached through use of traditional laws, involving all the relevant parties to the conflict. The forest management either by indigenous peoples or the logging company is no longer focused on the timber harvesting but more on conservation aspects.

Waterproof of rock joint with lead strip for splitting tuff sheet in ancient China quarrying caverns

This paper presents the relics of rock joints caulked with lead strips, unearthed by the authors in 2007 and 2008. The relics were in ancient quarry caverns in Shepan Island, Zhejiang Province, eastern China. The quarry activities were mainly carried out for production of regular tuff stone plates about 800 years ago. Each of the lead strips was sealed into a rock joint by punching manually and carefully. At present, the lead strips still contact tightly with the rock joints and new mineral cerussite is found to have formed at the contact surfaces between the lead strip and its caulked rock joint. The use of lead strips caulking rock joints in quarry caverns is found for prevention of water from seeping out of the country rocks into quarry cavern bases, where all of the in-situ intact tuff rock was manually and near-horizontally split into thin rock sheets one by one for production of regular tuff plates. Furthermore, it is found that the tensile splitting of tuff sheets at the cavern base required the intact rocks at the cavern base had to be dry. Through this horizontal base splitting for tuff sheets from the top to the bottom, a dome-shape interior space was formed for each rock cavern with the near horizontal imprints of thin sheet layers permanently on the sidewalls.

Carbon sinks/sources in the Yellow and East China Seas Air-sea interface exchange, dissolution in seawater, and burial in sediments

The sinks/sources of carbon in the Yellow Sea(YS) and East China Sea(ECS), which are important continental shelf seas in China, could exert a great influence on coastal ecosystem dynamics and the regional climate change process. The CO_2 exchange process across the seawater-air interface, dissolved and particulate carbon in seawater, and carbon burial in sediments were studied to understand the sinks/sources of carbon in the continental shelf seas of China. The YS and the ECS generally have different patterns of seasonal air-sea CO_2 exchange. In the YS, regions west of 124°E can absorb CO_2 from the atmosphere during spring and winter, and release CO_2 to the atmosphere during summer and autumn. The entire YS is considered as a CO_2 source throughout the year with respect to the atmosphere, but there are still uncertainties regarding the exact air-sea CO_2 exchange flux. Surface temperature and phytoplankton production were the key controlling factors of the air-sea CO_2 exchange flux in the offshore region and nearshore region of the YS, respectively. The ECS can absorb CO_2 during spring, summer, and winter and release CO_2 to the atmosphere during autumn. The annual average exchange rate in the ECS was-4.2±3.2 mmol m^(-2) d^(-1) and it served as an obvious sink for atmospheric CO_2 with an air-sea exchange flux of 13.7×10~6 t. The controlling factors of the air-sea CO_2 exchange in the ECS varied significantly seasonally. Storage of dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) and dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in the YS and the ECS were 425×10~6 t and 1364×10~6 t, and 28.2×10~6 t and 54.1×10~6 t,respectively. Long-term observation showed that the DOC content in the YS had a decreasing trend, indicating that the "practical carbon sink" in the YS was decreasing. The total amount of particulate organic carbon(POC) stored in the YS and ECS was10.6×10~6 t, which was comparable to the air-sea CO_2 flux in these two continental shelf seas. The amounts of carbon sequestered by phytoplankton in the YS and the ECS were 60.42×10~6 t and 153.41×10~6 t, respectively. Artificial breeding of macroalgae could effectively enhance blue carbon sequestration, which could fix 0.36×10~6–0.45×10~6 t of carbon annually. Organic carbon(OC) buried in the sediments of the YS was estimated to be 4.75×10~6 t, and OC of marine origin was 3.03×10~6 t, accounting for5.0% of the TOC fixed by phytoplankton primary production. In the ECS, the corresponding depositional flux of OC in the sediment was estimated to be 7.4×10~6 t yr^(-1), and the marine-origin OC was 5.5×10~6 t, accounting for 5.4% of the phytoplankton primary production. Due to the relatively high average depositional flux of OC in the sediment, the YS and ECS have considerable potential to store a vast amount of "blue carbon."

Construction of an infectious cDNA clone of Tembusu virus isolated from breeder Peking ducks

Dear Editor,Since April 2010,an outbreak of a new disease has elicited symptoms of high fever,loss of appetite,and reduction in egg production in layer ducks in eastern China;this phenomenon has now spread throughout China(Cao et al.,2011;Su et al.,2011).The causative agent of the disease was identified as Tembusu virus(TMUV),which was classified into the genus Flavivirus,