The study of animal personality has attracted considerable attention, as it has revealed a number of similarities in personality between humans and several nonhuman species. At the same time the adaptive value and evo...The study of animal personality has attracted considerable attention, as it has revealed a number of similarities in personality between humans and several nonhuman species. At the same time the adaptive value and evolutionary maintenance of different personalities are the subject of debate. Since Pavlov＇s work on dogs, students of comparative cognition have been aware that animals display vast individual differences on cognitive tasks, and that these differences may not be entirely accounted for differences in cognitive abilities. Here, we argue that personality is an important source of variation that may affect cognitive performance and we hypothesise mutual influences between personality and cognition across an individual＇s lifespan. In particular, we suggest that： 1） personality profiles may be markers of different cognitive styles; 2） success or failure in cognitive tasks could affect different personalities differently; 3） ontogenetic changes of personality profiles could be reflected in changes in cognitive performance. The study of such interplay has implications in animal welfare as well as in neuroscience and in translational medicine [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 491-498, 2011].展开更多
This paper tries to find interaction rules between members and self-reform rules of members in some scientific research laboratories at a graduate school. The candidate of rules are extracted from the personality desc...This paper tries to find interaction rules between members and self-reform rules of members in some scientific research laboratories at a graduate school. The candidate of rules are extracted from the personality description sentences about factors： extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness in the big five theory of personality psychology. In this paper, interaction and self-reform rules are not described by personalities themselves; instead, they are described by corresponding phenomena： activity, empathy, persistence, autonomy, and analytical ability which appear in the behavior side. Each member＇s initial value is determined from the main 5-factor personality investigation to the member, and the target value is given by the member＇s self-declaration. The rule selection is carried out by the genetic algorithm, where a sigmoid function is introduced in the renewal algorithm of the value, whereby a difficulty of setting the renewal parameters is avoided. An analysis is added about the obtained rules, and the validity of this approach and the subjects for future study are discussed. Finally, consideration is extended to the effect of environment on the behavior of members to reinforce the set of rules.展开更多
文摘The study of animal personality has attracted considerable attention, as it has revealed a number of similarities in personality between humans and several nonhuman species. At the same time the adaptive value and evolutionary maintenance of different personalities are the subject of debate. Since Pavlov＇s work on dogs, students of comparative cognition have been aware that animals display vast individual differences on cognitive tasks, and that these differences may not be entirely accounted for differences in cognitive abilities. Here, we argue that personality is an important source of variation that may affect cognitive performance and we hypothesise mutual influences between personality and cognition across an individual＇s lifespan. In particular, we suggest that： 1） personality profiles may be markers of different cognitive styles; 2） success or failure in cognitive tasks could affect different personalities differently; 3） ontogenetic changes of personality profiles could be reflected in changes in cognitive performance. The study of such interplay has implications in animal welfare as well as in neuroscience and in translational medicine [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 491-498, 2011].
文摘This paper tries to find interaction rules between members and self-reform rules of members in some scientific research laboratories at a graduate school. The candidate of rules are extracted from the personality description sentences about factors： extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness in the big five theory of personality psychology. In this paper, interaction and self-reform rules are not described by personalities themselves; instead, they are described by corresponding phenomena： activity, empathy, persistence, autonomy, and analytical ability which appear in the behavior side. Each member＇s initial value is determined from the main 5-factor personality investigation to the member, and the target value is given by the member＇s self-declaration. The rule selection is carried out by the genetic algorithm, where a sigmoid function is introduced in the renewal algorithm of the value, whereby a difficulty of setting the renewal parameters is avoided. An analysis is added about the obtained rules, and the validity of this approach and the subjects for future study are discussed. Finally, consideration is extended to the effect of environment on the behavior of members to reinforce the set of rules.
