研究中东亚干旱区2001-2013年期间土地覆盖变化特征和人类活动对潜在自然植被的影响程度,对保护生态环境和合理利用土地资源具有重要意义。本研究首先基于气象数据和综合顺序分类法(comprehensive and sequential classification system...研究中东亚干旱区2001-2013年期间土地覆盖变化特征和人类活动对潜在自然植被的影响程度,对保护生态环境和合理利用土地资源具有重要意义。本研究首先基于气象数据和综合顺序分类法(comprehensive and sequential classification system,CSCS)模型模拟了中东亚干旱区的潜在自然植被分布状况,其次基于2001-2013年的MODIS土地覆盖数据集分析了土地覆盖变化情况,最后在前两者的基础上研究了潜在自然植被的人类占用强度及其变化特征。结果表明,1)潜在自然植被以林地、草地、冻原、荒漠四大类为主;2)中东亚干旱区土地覆盖变化较大,其中中亚灌丛面积波动增加,中国华北干旱区农田面积扩张明显,蒙古国中西部灌丛和草地覆盖面积明显减少;3)研究区人类占用强度增强。其中,2010-2013年增长较为明显,4年间人类占用面积占研究区面积的比例增长了1.45%。潜在草地人类占用比例在2009-2013年间增幅最大,为2.88%;潜在林地人类占用比例在2001-2005年间增幅最大,为6.99%。4)在北哈萨克斯坦三州(北哈萨克斯坦州、阿克莫拉州、库斯塔奈州),人口迁移是潜在自然植被人类占用强度变化的主要因素,2006-2013年间人类占用强度比例增长了11.38%;中国的呼伦贝尔和山西干旱区,农业开发是人类占用强度增大的主要因素,2001-2013年间人类占用强度比例分别增长了6.62%和17.64%。展开更多
Based on the monthly average SLP data in the northern hemisphere from 1899 to 2009, East Asian summer monsoon intensity index in recent 111 years was calculated, and the interdecadal and interannual variation characte...Based on the monthly average SLP data in the northern hemisphere from 1899 to 2009, East Asian summer monsoon intensity index in recent 111 years was calculated, and the interdecadal and interannual variation characteristics of East Asian summer monsoon were analyzed. The results showed that East Asian summer monsoon in the 1920s was the strongest. The intensity of East Asian summer monsoon after the middle period of the 1980s presented weakened trend. It was the weakest in the early 21st century. Morlet wavelet analysis found that the interdecadal and interannual variations of East Asian summer monsoon had quasi-10-year and quasi-2-year significance periods. The interannual variation of precipitation in the east of China closely related to intensity variation of East Asian summer monsoon. In strong （weak） East Asian summer monsoon year, the rainfall in the middle and low reaches of Yangtze River was less （more） than that in common year, while the rainfall in North China was more （less） than that in common year. The weakening of East Asian summer monsoon was an important reason for that it was rainless （drought） in North China and rainy （flood） in the middle and low reaches of the Yangtze River after the middle period of the 1980s.展开更多
Previous studies carried out in the East China Sea （ECS） mud area focused on long-term environmental changes in sedimentary records during the Holoeene, especially during the mid-Holocene high-stand water levels per...Previous studies carried out in the East China Sea （ECS） mud area focused on long-term environmental changes in sedimentary records during the Holoeene, especially during the mid-Holocene high-stand water levels period. These results indicate that sensitive grain size groups can be used as a sedimentary proxy to reconstruct the evolution of the East Asian Winter Monsoon （EAWM）. The studies have been carried out mainly in the northern and middle portions of the Zhejiang-Fujian coastal mud, however, similar research in the southern portion and the comparison between sedimentary proxy and modern measured data of EAWM are lacking. In this paper, we focused on a sedimentary record of the past 100 years with an enhanced resolution of 1.8 years. Investigations of the southern end of the Zhejiang-Fujian coastal mud area were conducted on the basis of 21~Pb chronology, grain-size analysis and chemical element analysis. The correspondence between the mean grain size （Mz） of sediment sensitive grain size and the measured EAWM was confirmed for the first time. We found that during the recent 100 years, the variation of the mean grain size of the sensitive population in the southern portion of the Zhejiang-Fujian mud was mainly controlled by the EAWM intensity changes; and not directly related to changes in the sediment discharge from Datong station of the Changjiang River （DTSD）. Finally, recent changes in the content of heavy metals in study area reflect the impact of human activities on the environment.展开更多
文摘研究中东亚干旱区2001-2013年期间土地覆盖变化特征和人类活动对潜在自然植被的影响程度,对保护生态环境和合理利用土地资源具有重要意义。本研究首先基于气象数据和综合顺序分类法(comprehensive and sequential classification system,CSCS)模型模拟了中东亚干旱区的潜在自然植被分布状况,其次基于2001-2013年的MODIS土地覆盖数据集分析了土地覆盖变化情况,最后在前两者的基础上研究了潜在自然植被的人类占用强度及其变化特征。结果表明,1)潜在自然植被以林地、草地、冻原、荒漠四大类为主;2)中东亚干旱区土地覆盖变化较大,其中中亚灌丛面积波动增加,中国华北干旱区农田面积扩张明显,蒙古国中西部灌丛和草地覆盖面积明显减少;3)研究区人类占用强度增强。其中,2010-2013年增长较为明显,4年间人类占用面积占研究区面积的比例增长了1.45%。潜在草地人类占用比例在2009-2013年间增幅最大,为2.88%;潜在林地人类占用比例在2001-2005年间增幅最大,为6.99%。4)在北哈萨克斯坦三州(北哈萨克斯坦州、阿克莫拉州、库斯塔奈州),人口迁移是潜在自然植被人类占用强度变化的主要因素,2006-2013年间人类占用强度比例增长了11.38%;中国的呼伦贝尔和山西干旱区,农业开发是人类占用强度增大的主要因素,2001-2013年间人类占用强度比例分别增长了6.62%和17.64%。
基金Supported by National Scientific and Technological Support Plan in China(2009BAC51B03)"Six-Talent Peak"Item of Jiangsu Province(2005)~~
文摘Based on the monthly average SLP data in the northern hemisphere from 1899 to 2009, East Asian summer monsoon intensity index in recent 111 years was calculated, and the interdecadal and interannual variation characteristics of East Asian summer monsoon were analyzed. The results showed that East Asian summer monsoon in the 1920s was the strongest. The intensity of East Asian summer monsoon after the middle period of the 1980s presented weakened trend. It was the weakest in the early 21st century. Morlet wavelet analysis found that the interdecadal and interannual variations of East Asian summer monsoon had quasi-10-year and quasi-2-year significance periods. The interannual variation of precipitation in the east of China closely related to intensity variation of East Asian summer monsoon. In strong （weak） East Asian summer monsoon year, the rainfall in the middle and low reaches of Yangtze River was less （more） than that in common year, while the rainfall in North China was more （less） than that in common year. The weakening of East Asian summer monsoon was an important reason for that it was rainless （drought） in North China and rainy （flood） in the middle and low reaches of the Yangtze River after the middle period of the 1980s.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41030856)the Taishan Scholar Project
文摘Previous studies carried out in the East China Sea （ECS） mud area focused on long-term environmental changes in sedimentary records during the Holoeene, especially during the mid-Holocene high-stand water levels period. These results indicate that sensitive grain size groups can be used as a sedimentary proxy to reconstruct the evolution of the East Asian Winter Monsoon （EAWM）. The studies have been carried out mainly in the northern and middle portions of the Zhejiang-Fujian coastal mud, however, similar research in the southern portion and the comparison between sedimentary proxy and modern measured data of EAWM are lacking. In this paper, we focused on a sedimentary record of the past 100 years with an enhanced resolution of 1.8 years. Investigations of the southern end of the Zhejiang-Fujian coastal mud area were conducted on the basis of 21~Pb chronology, grain-size analysis and chemical element analysis. The correspondence between the mean grain size （Mz） of sediment sensitive grain size and the measured EAWM was confirmed for the first time. We found that during the recent 100 years, the variation of the mean grain size of the sensitive population in the southern portion of the Zhejiang-Fujian mud was mainly controlled by the EAWM intensity changes; and not directly related to changes in the sediment discharge from Datong station of the Changjiang River （DTSD）. Finally, recent changes in the content of heavy metals in study area reflect the impact of human activities on the environment.
