Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are major disease burdens with high mortality worldwide.Early prediction of cardiovascular events can reduce the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and decrease the mortality rates o...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are major disease burdens with high mortality worldwide.Early prediction of cardiovascular events can reduce the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and decrease the mortality rates of patients with CVDs.The pathological mechanisms and multiple factors involved in CVDs are complex;thus,traditional data analysis is insufficient and inefficient to manage multidimensional data for the risk prediction of CVDs and heart attacks,medical image interpretations,therapeutic decision-making,and disease prognosis prediction.Meanwhile,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been widely used for treating CVDs.TCM offers unique theoretical and practical applications in the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.Big data have been generated to investigate the scientific basis of TCM diagnostic methods.TCM formulae contain multiple herbal items.Elucidating the complicated interactions between the active compounds and network modulations requires advanced data-analysis capability.Recent progress in artificial intelligence(AI)technology has allowed these challenges to be resolved,which significantly facilitates the development of integrative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CVDs and the understanding of the therapeutic principles of TCM formulae.Herein,we briefly introduce the basic concept and current progress of AI and machine learning(ML)technology,and summarize the applications of advanced AI and ML for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.Furthermore,we review the progress of AI and ML technology for investigating the scientific basis of TCM diagnosis and treatment for CVDs.We expect the application of AI and ML technology to promote synergy between western medicine and TCM,which can then boost the development of integrative medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.展开更多
Latin America is characterized by ethnic, geographical, cultural, and economic diversity; therefore, training in gastroenterology in the region must be considered in this context. The continent’s medical education is...Latin America is characterized by ethnic, geographical, cultural, and economic diversity; therefore, training in gastroenterology in the region must be considered in this context. The continent’s medical education is characterized by a lack of standards and the volume of research continues to be relatively small. There is a multiplicity of events in general gastroenterology and in sub-disciplines, both at regional and local levels, which ensure that many colleagues have access to information. Medical education programs must be based on a clinical vision and be considered in close contact with the patients. The programs should be properly supervised, appropriately defined, and evaluated on a regular basis. The disparity between the patients’ needs, the scarce resources available, and the pressures exerted by the health systems on doctors are frequent cited by those complaining of poor professionalism. Teaching development can play a critical role in ensuring the quality of teaching and learning in universities. Continuing professional development programs activities must be planned on the basis of the doctors’ needs, with clearly defined objectives and using proper learning methodologies designed for adults. They must be evaluated and accredited by a competent body, so that they may become the basis of a professional regulatory system. The specialty has made progress in the last decades, offering doctors various possibilities for professional development. The world gastroenterology organization has contributed to the speciality through three distinctive, but closely inter-related, programs: Training Centers, Train-the-Trainers, and Global Guidelines, in which Latin America is deeply involved.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To study information gained by Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)four diagnostic methods and characteristics of syndrome development before and after treatment in patients with coronary heart disease,and to p...OBJECTIVE:To study information gained by Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)four diagnostic methods and characteristics of syndrome development before and after treatment in patients with coronary heart disease,and to probe into assessment indexes of therapeutic effects with distinctive TCM features.METHODS:Information from the four diagnostic methods before and after treatment in 100 patients with coronary heart disease was collected using the TCM interrogation scale,a pulse condition instrument,a tongue-face diagnosis instrument,anda voice diagnosis information collection system.Changes in the four diagnostic method results from before and after treatment were analyzed with frequency analysis and t-test methods.RESULTS:Before treatment,deficiency syndrome complicated with hyperactivity of pathogenic factors was most common.After treatment,deficiency syndrome was most common.This change from complex syndromes to single syndromes indicates disease and syndrome alleviation.Frequencies of symptoms gained by interrogation after treatment for syndrome of deficiency of heart-Qi,syndrome of deficiency of heart-Yin,and turbid phlegm syndrome were all less severe than those before treatment.Parameters of face color,color on all sub-regions of tongue,color of tongue fur,septic and greasy fur,and lip color after treatment all had significant changes.After treatment,part of the voice diagnosis parameters in the deficiency of heart-Yin and turbid phlegm syndromes had significant changes,but no significant changes were found in the deficiency of heart-Qi syndrome.CONCLUSION:Use of the TCM four diagnostic methods can provide an effective basis forTCM syndrome diagnosis,observation of development of state of illness,and evaluation of clinical therapeutic effects.展开更多
Objective： Among the injury types, sports ones constitute a considerable proportion of patients who refer to the medical centers. This research was conducted to examine the frequency of sports- related injuries refer...Objective： Among the injury types, sports ones constitute a considerable proportion of patients who refer to the medical centers. This research was conducted to examine the frequency of sports- related injuries referring to Kashan University of Medical Sciences Trauma Research Center from 2005 to 2011. Methods： This was a retrospective research in which existing data from the data bank of Kashan University of Medical Sciences Trauma Research Center were employed. The data were extracted from the main source by SPSS version 16.0. Variables such as age, education, occupation and gender were analyzed. Results： The highest proportion of injuries was observed in students （59.4%） followed by workers （11.8%）. Upper and lower extremities were most commonly injured. The most frequent injury was strain （35.4%）, followed by sprain （27.7%）. Conclusion： The results of this research showed that the majority of the sports trauma occurrs in students; therefore, they need more attention in regard to sports injuries. Preventive measures such as informing the coaches and teachers as well as increasing the students＇ awareness about the injury risk can decrease the incidences of sports injuries.展开更多
基金The Health and Medical Research Fund,Hong Kong(17181811)。
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are major disease burdens with high mortality worldwide.Early prediction of cardiovascular events can reduce the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and decrease the mortality rates of patients with CVDs.The pathological mechanisms and multiple factors involved in CVDs are complex;thus,traditional data analysis is insufficient and inefficient to manage multidimensional data for the risk prediction of CVDs and heart attacks,medical image interpretations,therapeutic decision-making,and disease prognosis prediction.Meanwhile,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been widely used for treating CVDs.TCM offers unique theoretical and practical applications in the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.Big data have been generated to investigate the scientific basis of TCM diagnostic methods.TCM formulae contain multiple herbal items.Elucidating the complicated interactions between the active compounds and network modulations requires advanced data-analysis capability.Recent progress in artificial intelligence(AI)technology has allowed these challenges to be resolved,which significantly facilitates the development of integrative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CVDs and the understanding of the therapeutic principles of TCM formulae.Herein,we briefly introduce the basic concept and current progress of AI and machine learning(ML)technology,and summarize the applications of advanced AI and ML for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.Furthermore,we review the progress of AI and ML technology for investigating the scientific basis of TCM diagnosis and treatment for CVDs.We expect the application of AI and ML technology to promote synergy between western medicine and TCM,which can then boost the development of integrative medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.
文摘Latin America is characterized by ethnic, geographical, cultural, and economic diversity; therefore, training in gastroenterology in the region must be considered in this context. The continent’s medical education is characterized by a lack of standards and the volume of research continues to be relatively small. There is a multiplicity of events in general gastroenterology and in sub-disciplines, both at regional and local levels, which ensure that many colleagues have access to information. Medical education programs must be based on a clinical vision and be considered in close contact with the patients. The programs should be properly supervised, appropriately defined, and evaluated on a regular basis. The disparity between the patients’ needs, the scarce resources available, and the pressures exerted by the health systems on doctors are frequent cited by those complaining of poor professionalism. Teaching development can play a critical role in ensuring the quality of teaching and learning in universities. Continuing professional development programs activities must be planned on the basis of the doctors’ needs, with clearly defined objectives and using proper learning methodologies designed for adults. They must be evaluated and accredited by a competent body, so that they may become the basis of a professional regulatory system. The specialty has made progress in the last decades, offering doctors various possibilities for professional development. The world gastroenterology organization has contributed to the speciality through three distinctive, but closely inter-related, programs: Training Centers, Train-the-Trainers, and Global Guidelines, in which Latin America is deeply involved.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Fund of China(No.81173199)Shanghai City Excellent Discipline Leader Project(No.09XD1403700)+1 种基金Competitive Selection Entrusting Project of Shanghai City Science Committee(No.09DZ1907902)Key Discipline(Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics)of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine
文摘OBJECTIVE:To study information gained by Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)four diagnostic methods and characteristics of syndrome development before and after treatment in patients with coronary heart disease,and to probe into assessment indexes of therapeutic effects with distinctive TCM features.METHODS:Information from the four diagnostic methods before and after treatment in 100 patients with coronary heart disease was collected using the TCM interrogation scale,a pulse condition instrument,a tongue-face diagnosis instrument,anda voice diagnosis information collection system.Changes in the four diagnostic method results from before and after treatment were analyzed with frequency analysis and t-test methods.RESULTS:Before treatment,deficiency syndrome complicated with hyperactivity of pathogenic factors was most common.After treatment,deficiency syndrome was most common.This change from complex syndromes to single syndromes indicates disease and syndrome alleviation.Frequencies of symptoms gained by interrogation after treatment for syndrome of deficiency of heart-Qi,syndrome of deficiency of heart-Yin,and turbid phlegm syndrome were all less severe than those before treatment.Parameters of face color,color on all sub-regions of tongue,color of tongue fur,septic and greasy fur,and lip color after treatment all had significant changes.After treatment,part of the voice diagnosis parameters in the deficiency of heart-Yin and turbid phlegm syndromes had significant changes,but no significant changes were found in the deficiency of heart-Qi syndrome.CONCLUSION:Use of the TCM four diagnostic methods can provide an effective basis forTCM syndrome diagnosis,observation of development of state of illness,and evaluation of clinical therapeutic effects.
文摘Objective： Among the injury types, sports ones constitute a considerable proportion of patients who refer to the medical centers. This research was conducted to examine the frequency of sports- related injuries referring to Kashan University of Medical Sciences Trauma Research Center from 2005 to 2011. Methods： This was a retrospective research in which existing data from the data bank of Kashan University of Medical Sciences Trauma Research Center were employed. The data were extracted from the main source by SPSS version 16.0. Variables such as age, education, occupation and gender were analyzed. Results： The highest proportion of injuries was observed in students （59.4%） followed by workers （11.8%）. Upper and lower extremities were most commonly injured. The most frequent injury was strain （35.4%）, followed by sprain （27.7%）. Conclusion： The results of this research showed that the majority of the sports trauma occurrs in students; therefore, they need more attention in regard to sports injuries. Preventive measures such as informing the coaches and teachers as well as increasing the students＇ awareness about the injury risk can decrease the incidences of sports injuries.
