Glaciers in the eastern Pamir are important for water resources and the social and economic development of the region.In the last 50 years,these glaciers have shrunk and lost ice mass due to climate change.In order to...Glaciers in the eastern Pamir are important for water resources and the social and economic development of the region.In the last 50 years,these glaciers have shrunk and lost ice mass due to climate change.In order to understand recent glacier dynamics in the region,a new inventory was compiled from Landsat TM/ETM+ images acquired in2009,free of clouds and with minimal snow cover on the glacierized mountains.The first glacier inventory of the area was also updated by digitizing glacier outlines from topographical maps that had been modified and verified using aerial photographs.Total glacier area decreased by 10.8%±1.1%,mainly attributed to an increase in air temperature,although precipitation,glacier size and topographic features also combined to affect the general shrinkage of the glaciers.The 19.3–21.4 km^3 estimated glacier mass loss has contributed to an increase in river runoff and water resources.展开更多
This paper analyzes and explains the causes of the ＂empty account＂ of our country＇s basic pension personal account based on the specific economic conditions and social backgrounds of each period in China. Explained...This paper analyzes and explains the causes of the ＂empty account＂ of our country＇s basic pension personal account based on the specific economic conditions and social backgrounds of each period in China. Explained that the ＂empty account＂ phenomenon of pension insurance is not universally believed to be caused by ＂high accumulation and low consumption＂economic development policies.The author puts forward two ideas for ＂filling up the air＂ in the individual pension account： 1. Ensure that the basic pension maintains its value.2. Accelerate the construction of individual pension accounts.展开更多
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.KZZD-EW-12-1)the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.41190084)+3 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MOST) (Grant Nos.2013FY111400,2010DFA92720-23)an immediate past project from the MOST (Grant No.2006FY110200)provided by "Investigation on glacier resources and their change in China" (Grant No.2006FY110200)"Glacier change monitoring and its impact assessment research in west China" (Grant No.kzcx2-yw-301)
文摘Glaciers in the eastern Pamir are important for water resources and the social and economic development of the region.In the last 50 years,these glaciers have shrunk and lost ice mass due to climate change.In order to understand recent glacier dynamics in the region,a new inventory was compiled from Landsat TM/ETM+ images acquired in2009,free of clouds and with minimal snow cover on the glacierized mountains.The first glacier inventory of the area was also updated by digitizing glacier outlines from topographical maps that had been modified and verified using aerial photographs.Total glacier area decreased by 10.8%±1.1%,mainly attributed to an increase in air temperature,although precipitation,glacier size and topographic features also combined to affect the general shrinkage of the glaciers.The 19.3–21.4 km^3 estimated glacier mass loss has contributed to an increase in river runoff and water resources.
文摘This paper analyzes and explains the causes of the ＂empty account＂ of our country＇s basic pension personal account based on the specific economic conditions and social backgrounds of each period in China. Explained that the ＂empty account＂ phenomenon of pension insurance is not universally believed to be caused by ＂high accumulation and low consumption＂economic development policies.The author puts forward two ideas for ＂filling up the air＂ in the individual pension account： 1. Ensure that the basic pension maintains its value.2. Accelerate the construction of individual pension accounts.
