城市经济基本理论领域一次开拓性的探索——评《城市聚集经济——一般理论及其对中国城市化问题的应用分析》

在城市领域,聚集经济一直被视为城市形成、生存和发展的重要动力和依据,它在城市经济学中的地位如同均衡理论在新古典经济学中的地位一样,是不可动摇的.然而,从古典经济学到新古典经济学及凯恩斯主义经济学始终完全忽视'聚集经济'这个问题,他们潜心研究很多问题,但聚集经济理论却很少得到系统地阐述.翻开城市经济学著作,你就可以发现聚集作为'原理'来运用,来解释城市的形成和发展,而对聚集经济在资源空间配置中的内在机制和力量作为基本假定被省略了.这种现状不仅在理论上严重地制约着城市基础理论的进一步发展,在实践上也影响着城市发展及其战略的选择.诚如作者而言:'城市聚集经济理论作为研究城市本质的理论应该成为城市经济学研究的‘重点工程'.尤其是在体制变革的过程中,关于城市聚集经济问题的研究,对我国城市发展机制的转换和城市化战略的选择更具有突出的指导作用和现实意义'.

城里“人”与“诗意的栖居”

这是一个因农民进城而出现的问题——城市化问题。不管是主动的,还是被动的,城市化已经成为中国现代化的必然趋势,传统的乡村社会在中国城市化的潮流里将逐渐淹没。然而城市化不等于必然就要去除文明和文化,去除感情和人性,去除审美和诗意。如果说,城市化对许多人来说是无奈的选择,那么,通过世俗的个性化的创意方式,建构新的"城市诗意"以达"诗意的栖居",则应是城市化了的人的理想选择之一。

Research on Financial Support of New Countryside Construction in China

The cpc＇s 13th Five-Year comprehensive plan put forward a major historic task of building a new socialist countryside. This is the comprehensive implementation of urban and rural development to increase industrial agriculture, move the city to support the countryside, accelerate urbanization and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas. To solve the ＂three rural issues＂, the comprehensive construction ofa well-offsociety, has a very important strategic role to ease the contradiction of China＇s rural and urban ecnomic structure. In the process of building a new socialist countryside, the financial policy, as an important means ofmacroeconomic regulation and control, should play a leading role in solving the effective allocation ＆funds. Due to various factors affected by the current supply of rural financial market constraints, system defects and environmental constraints, there is a large gap between the level of the existing rural financial services and the requirements of the new rural construction which is to be improved urgently.