Whereas global medicine and health care practices have improved the quality of people＇s lives, especially in the developing countries data abounds that local communities have been crippled by the same medical practis...Whereas global medicine and health care practices have improved the quality of people＇s lives, especially in the developing countries data abounds that local communities have been crippled by the same medical practises. Some societies in developing countries have become sources of specimen for clinical trials of biomedicine which is unaffordable to their citizens. This paper explores the neglect of traditional African medicinal innovations and research in favour of imported Western medicine perpetuated by the developed countries. The paper argues that global medicine and health care have neither utilized nor recognized the African Traditional Medicine （ATM） fully, despite the fact that cultures in developed world used and continue to utilize the indigenous medical knowledge. The paper further argues that instead of neglecting African Traditional Medicine, ATM and biomedicine can be more beneficial by blending them into a single system, through what we would call in this paper High-Performance Medical Research （HPMR）. This would allow participation of communities to achieve both socio-eeonomic and medical knowledge growth rather than being a monopoly and preserve of developed organizations in the North. This paper proposes that HPMR should be a systematic and scientific approach for enhancing local people＇s participation in the development of medical ventures. This paper draws on secondary data on traditional African therapeutic practices by some local communities in East Africa combined with literature review on medical practice in Western societies.展开更多
Along with the deepening of China＇s marketization-oriented reform, the widespread corruption of government officials and whether or not the fast economic growth in the last 30 years in China is sustainable have becom...Along with the deepening of China＇s marketization-oriented reform, the widespread corruption of government officials and whether or not the fast economic growth in the last 30 years in China is sustainable have become the two serious problems disturbing the Chinese government and people of all circles in China. This paper argues that something must be done in the construction of China＇s legal system and in its constitutional reform, otherwise the problems of prevalence of corruption will eventually hold back the high economic growth of China. Starting from the discussion of the differentiation of two concepts of ＂the rule by Law＂ and ＂the rule of Law,＂ this paper suggests that laws in China should be restored to their natural role as the incarnation of justice on the basis of jurisprudence reasoning, and instrumentalism, pragmatism and utilitarianism in China＇s current legal theory inherited from the traditional Chinese culture should be discarded. Otherwise, it will be impossible to restore the sacredness and authority of Law in China, and then it will take an unconscionable time to reach the state of ＂the Rule of Law＂ with constitutional democracy in China and there will be no way to tackle the problem of institutionalized corruption in the contemporary Chinese society once and for all.展开更多
文摘Whereas global medicine and health care practices have improved the quality of people＇s lives, especially in the developing countries data abounds that local communities have been crippled by the same medical practises. Some societies in developing countries have become sources of specimen for clinical trials of biomedicine which is unaffordable to their citizens. This paper explores the neglect of traditional African medicinal innovations and research in favour of imported Western medicine perpetuated by the developed countries. The paper argues that global medicine and health care have neither utilized nor recognized the African Traditional Medicine （ATM） fully, despite the fact that cultures in developed world used and continue to utilize the indigenous medical knowledge. The paper further argues that instead of neglecting African Traditional Medicine, ATM and biomedicine can be more beneficial by blending them into a single system, through what we would call in this paper High-Performance Medical Research （HPMR）. This would allow participation of communities to achieve both socio-eeonomic and medical knowledge growth rather than being a monopoly and preserve of developed organizations in the North. This paper proposes that HPMR should be a systematic and scientific approach for enhancing local people＇s participation in the development of medical ventures. This paper draws on secondary data on traditional African therapeutic practices by some local communities in East Africa combined with literature review on medical practice in Western societies.
文摘Along with the deepening of China＇s marketization-oriented reform, the widespread corruption of government officials and whether or not the fast economic growth in the last 30 years in China is sustainable have become the two serious problems disturbing the Chinese government and people of all circles in China. This paper argues that something must be done in the construction of China＇s legal system and in its constitutional reform, otherwise the problems of prevalence of corruption will eventually hold back the high economic growth of China. Starting from the discussion of the differentiation of two concepts of ＂the rule by Law＂ and ＂the rule of Law,＂ this paper suggests that laws in China should be restored to their natural role as the incarnation of justice on the basis of jurisprudence reasoning, and instrumentalism, pragmatism and utilitarianism in China＇s current legal theory inherited from the traditional Chinese culture should be discarded. Otherwise, it will be impossible to restore the sacredness and authority of Law in China, and then it will take an unconscionable time to reach the state of ＂the Rule of Law＂ with constitutional democracy in China and there will be no way to tackle the problem of institutionalized corruption in the contemporary Chinese society once and for all.
