A fundamental element of sustainable development is that humans live within nature's biological capacity. Quantifying this, however, remains a significant challenge for which there are many emerging tools. The con...A fundamental element of sustainable development is that humans live within nature's biological capacity. Quantifying this, however, remains a significant challenge for which there are many emerging tools. The concept of the Ecological Footprint is one such accounting tool for comprehensive assessment of the status of sustainable development, based on integration of resource consumption and land capacity, reflecting the human impact on the environment. A region's development is defined as unsustainable when the Ecological Footprint surpasses the biological capacity. In this paper, the Ecological Footprint concept was applied in assessing the development of Yunnan Province, China in a period between 1988 and 2006. The results showed that the Ecological Footprint per capita in Yunnan rose from 0.854 gha in 1988 to 2.11 gha in 2006. Ecological deficit, defined as when the human demand on the land surpasses the regions biological productive capacity, emerged in 1991 and quickly increased from 0.02 gha in 1991 to 1.05 gha in 2006. The increase in the ecological deficit is primarily a result of the rapid increase in population and consumption level. To achieve sustainable development in Yunnan, production and consumption rates need to be modified.展开更多
The calculation of Ecological Footprint （EF） on the basis of Input-Output model （I-O model） was advanced by Bicknell, and modified and improved hy Ferng who corrected the footprint＇s aggregation to each sectors. ...The calculation of Ecological Footprint （EF） on the basis of Input-Output model （I-O model） was advanced by Bicknell, and modified and improved hy Ferng who corrected the footprint＇s aggregation to each sectors. For the lack of sufficient teehnique to deal with the trade between the research areas and the rest of the world, it it necessary to improve this method. And a dynamic analysis of the change of footprint based on I-O model, which could explore the factor impacting the footprint using the ,special advantage of I-O model, ought to be put into practice. After introducing the new method in detail, we calculate and compare the EF and the change of Gansu Province in the northwest of China in 1997 and 2002. The result shows that there was an increase of EF in 2002 caused by final domestic demand. Further; the inerement in EF export was 2.0 × 10^5 ha and 1.6 × 10^6 ha in import. The out-of- region support dropped from 22.6% to 18. 6%. We introduce three factors causing the EF change based on the character of I-O model： the productivity of the resourve which is explained by the change of resource used to obtain one unit output in a sector, the improvement of the economics and the final demand. Finally, we find that the effects of the three factors on the EF change are not identical except the industry sectors and the change of factors in the agriculture and the industry sectors works notably.展开更多
In the context of global ecological overload,international trade has become one of the most important ways to make up for the ecological deficit.This study takes the"Belt and Road"Initiative as the study are...In the context of global ecological overload,international trade has become one of the most important ways to make up for the ecological deficit.This study takes the"Belt and Road"Initiative as the study area to analyze the biocapacity and ecological footprint characteristics between China and other countries along the"Belt and Road"Initiative.Trade flow characteristics were explored from the perspective of biocapacity.The import and export of virtual land was used to assess the effect of trade on compensating for the resource gaps in crop and grazing land.The main results show that:1)In 2005-2014,the majority of"Belt and Road"countries were experiencing increasing degrees of overload.In China,cropland takes up the largest proportion of biocapacity,while the ecological footprint is dominated by the carbon footprint.2)The trade flow of agricultural and livestock products in the mainland of China shows a trend of increasing imports and decreasing exports,which increases dependence on specific regions.3)In 2005-2014,China’s trade in cereals and oil crops along the“Belt and Road”Initiative were generally net imports,and the share of cereals traded along the“Belt and Road”Initiative is increasing gradually,but that of oil crops decreased rapidly.4)The import trade has alleviated ecological deficit,as the selected products compensated for 1.03 times of the cropland deficit and 0.65 times of the grazing land deficit in China.This study is helpful to understand the relationship between the land use and trade deeply,and provide decision-making references for reducing ecological deficits,optimizing land resource allocation,and promoting win-win cooperation among China and other countries in the"Belt and Road"Initiative.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Project for Basic Research of China (973), (Grant No.2003CB415100)
文摘A fundamental element of sustainable development is that humans live within nature's biological capacity. Quantifying this, however, remains a significant challenge for which there are many emerging tools. The concept of the Ecological Footprint is one such accounting tool for comprehensive assessment of the status of sustainable development, based on integration of resource consumption and land capacity, reflecting the human impact on the environment. A region's development is defined as unsustainable when the Ecological Footprint surpasses the biological capacity. In this paper, the Ecological Footprint concept was applied in assessing the development of Yunnan Province, China in a period between 1988 and 2006. The results showed that the Ecological Footprint per capita in Yunnan rose from 0.854 gha in 1988 to 2.11 gha in 2006. Ecological deficit, defined as when the human demand on the land surpasses the regions biological productive capacity, emerged in 1991 and quickly increased from 0.02 gha in 1991 to 1.05 gha in 2006. The increase in the ecological deficit is primarily a result of the rapid increase in population and consumption level. To achieve sustainable development in Yunnan, production and consumption rates need to be modified.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40671076)CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Action Plan for West Development Project (Grant No.KZCX2-XB2-04-04)
文摘The calculation of Ecological Footprint （EF） on the basis of Input-Output model （I-O model） was advanced by Bicknell, and modified and improved hy Ferng who corrected the footprint＇s aggregation to each sectors. For the lack of sufficient teehnique to deal with the trade between the research areas and the rest of the world, it it necessary to improve this method. And a dynamic analysis of the change of footprint based on I-O model, which could explore the factor impacting the footprint using the ,special advantage of I-O model, ought to be put into practice. After introducing the new method in detail, we calculate and compare the EF and the change of Gansu Province in the northwest of China in 1997 and 2002. The result shows that there was an increase of EF in 2002 caused by final domestic demand. Further; the inerement in EF export was 2.0 × 10^5 ha and 1.6 × 10^6 ha in import. The out-of- region support dropped from 22.6% to 18. 6%. We introduce three factors causing the EF change based on the character of I-O model： the productivity of the resourve which is explained by the change of resource used to obtain one unit output in a sector, the improvement of the economics and the final demand. Finally, we find that the effects of the three factors on the EF change are not identical except the industry sectors and the change of factors in the agriculture and the industry sectors works notably.
基金The Tibetan Scientific-Technology Project(Z2016C01G01/04)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41571496)The National Key Research and Development Programme(2016YFC0503403)
文摘In the context of global ecological overload,international trade has become one of the most important ways to make up for the ecological deficit.This study takes the"Belt and Road"Initiative as the study area to analyze the biocapacity and ecological footprint characteristics between China and other countries along the"Belt and Road"Initiative.Trade flow characteristics were explored from the perspective of biocapacity.The import and export of virtual land was used to assess the effect of trade on compensating for the resource gaps in crop and grazing land.The main results show that:1)In 2005-2014,the majority of"Belt and Road"countries were experiencing increasing degrees of overload.In China,cropland takes up the largest proportion of biocapacity,while the ecological footprint is dominated by the carbon footprint.2)The trade flow of agricultural and livestock products in the mainland of China shows a trend of increasing imports and decreasing exports,which increases dependence on specific regions.3)In 2005-2014,China’s trade in cereals and oil crops along the“Belt and Road”Initiative were generally net imports,and the share of cereals traded along the“Belt and Road”Initiative is increasing gradually,but that of oil crops decreased rapidly.4)The import trade has alleviated ecological deficit,as the selected products compensated for 1.03 times of the cropland deficit and 0.65 times of the grazing land deficit in China.This study is helpful to understand the relationship between the land use and trade deeply,and provide decision-making references for reducing ecological deficits,optimizing land resource allocation,and promoting win-win cooperation among China and other countries in the"Belt and Road"Initiative.
