不同市场状态下中央银行汇率干预有效性分析

在人民币国际化程度不断提升和汇率形成机制市场化改革不断推进的背景下,中央银行汇率干预对引导市场预期、维持汇率体系稳定起到日益重要的作用。考虑到不同市场状态对中央银行汇率干预行为有效性的可能影响,本文利用EGARCH模型结合Markov机制转换模型进行实证分析。研究发现:(1)从整体上看,中央银行的汇率干预对汇率波动程度的影响要大于对汇率水平的影响;(2)中央银行干预对汇率波动的抑制作用要部分依赖于干预事件发生时的汇率市场状态;(3)不同市场状态下,汇率沟通中传递出的政策取向会影响其作用效果。中央银行汇率干预在很大程度上可以降低汇率市场的波动程度,将传统干预手段与汇率沟通相结合,并依据汇率市场状态恰当调整干预方式及沟通内容,才能更好引导市场预期、达成政策目标。

An exchange rate determination model for central banks＇interventions in financial markets

We establish an exchange rate determination model for central banks' interventions in financial markets. The model shows that central banks can adjust exchange rate by several policy instruments and that different instruments may have different effects on exchange rate determination. It specifies potential policy instruments for central banks as well as their policy effects. Based on these effects, feasible matches of policy instruments in contingent intervention are put forth.