几年前,当关于爱德华.索普的自传《A Man For All Markets》出版时,财经自媒体点拾投资创始人朱昂在亚马逊上下单了几本。当时这本书是被亚马逊排名销量最高的金融图书,他带着很高的预期看完后,依然超出他的预期。爱德华·索普是一...几年前,当关于爱德华.索普的自传《A Man For All Markets》出版时,财经自媒体点拾投资创始人朱昂在亚马逊上下单了几本。当时这本书是被亚马逊排名销量最高的金融图书,他带着很高的预期看完后,依然超出他的预期。爱德华·索普是一位全世界最被低估的投资大师,也是市场中性策略的创始人。之后Citadel的肯.格里芬将这一中性策略在全世界发扬光大。这位低调而谦虚的数学家被译者陈铭杰视为首位用量化投资战胜华尔街的成功投资人,更是彻底改变整个证券投资界格局的大师。2019年这本书的中译本《战胜一切市场的人》已由中信出版集团出版,并特将朱昂的书评推荐给本刊读者一窥全书之要。展开更多
Though light conditions are known to affect the development and anti-predation strategies of several aquatic species, relatively little is known about how different species react to light, or how light can affect thes...Though light conditions are known to affect the development and anti-predation strategies of several aquatic species, relatively little is known about how different species react to light, or how light can affect these species during different points in their life-cycle. In this study, we used four sympatric anuran tadpoles （Bufo gargarizans, B. melanostictus, Pelophylax nigromaculatus and Microhyla fissipes） as animal system to examine species-specific activities of the underdoing different light intensity treatments, so as to better understand how they respond to light. We exposed four different species of tadpoles to 1660 and 14 lux light intensity treatments and then measured several parameters including development stage, body length and tail length, and as well as their basic activities. The results of this observation and analysis showed that the activities of tadpoles were significantly greater in B. gargarizans and B. melanostictus than in P. nigromaculatus and M. fissipes; and were also significantly greater during times of high light intensity as compared to during low light intensity. Moreover, the observed relationship between species and light intensity was significant. The activities ofB. gargarizans and B. melanostictus tadpoles were greater in high light, while the activity of P. nigromaculatus tadpoles was greater in low light intensity, while M. fissipes tadpoles showed no differences in either low or high intensity light. Furthermore, the activities orB. gargarizans, B. melanostictus and M. fissipes tadpoles in terms of developmental stage, body size or tail length did not seem to differ with light intensity, but during early larval developmental period of P. nigromaculatus, the activity of tadpoles was negatively correlated with development stage, but irrelevant to either body size or tail length in different light intensities. These results lead us to conclude the observed activities of the four sympatric anuran tadpoles are closely correlated with their specific anti-predation strategies.展开更多
文摘几年前,当关于爱德华.索普的自传《A Man For All Markets》出版时,财经自媒体点拾投资创始人朱昂在亚马逊上下单了几本。当时这本书是被亚马逊排名销量最高的金融图书,他带着很高的预期看完后,依然超出他的预期。爱德华·索普是一位全世界最被低估的投资大师,也是市场中性策略的创始人。之后Citadel的肯.格里芬将这一中性策略在全世界发扬光大。这位低调而谦虚的数学家被译者陈铭杰视为首位用量化投资战胜华尔街的成功投资人,更是彻底改变整个证券投资界格局的大师。2019年这本书的中译本《战胜一切市场的人》已由中信出版集团出版,并特将朱昂的书评推荐给本刊读者一窥全书之要。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30970435,31270443)the Zhejiang Provincial National Science Foundation of China(C030403)+1 种基金the Open Research Fund program of Laboratory of Lishui University(2014-26-10)the Scientific Research Foundation of Ph.D.in Lishui University(QD1301)
文摘Though light conditions are known to affect the development and anti-predation strategies of several aquatic species, relatively little is known about how different species react to light, or how light can affect these species during different points in their life-cycle. In this study, we used four sympatric anuran tadpoles （Bufo gargarizans, B. melanostictus, Pelophylax nigromaculatus and Microhyla fissipes） as animal system to examine species-specific activities of the underdoing different light intensity treatments, so as to better understand how they respond to light. We exposed four different species of tadpoles to 1660 and 14 lux light intensity treatments and then measured several parameters including development stage, body length and tail length, and as well as their basic activities. The results of this observation and analysis showed that the activities of tadpoles were significantly greater in B. gargarizans and B. melanostictus than in P. nigromaculatus and M. fissipes; and were also significantly greater during times of high light intensity as compared to during low light intensity. Moreover, the observed relationship between species and light intensity was significant. The activities ofB. gargarizans and B. melanostictus tadpoles were greater in high light, while the activity of P. nigromaculatus tadpoles was greater in low light intensity, while M. fissipes tadpoles showed no differences in either low or high intensity light. Furthermore, the activities orB. gargarizans, B. melanostictus and M. fissipes tadpoles in terms of developmental stage, body size or tail length did not seem to differ with light intensity, but during early larval developmental period of P. nigromaculatus, the activity of tadpoles was negatively correlated with development stage, but irrelevant to either body size or tail length in different light intensities. These results lead us to conclude the observed activities of the four sympatric anuran tadpoles are closely correlated with their specific anti-predation strategies.
