Based on the theory of reactive extraction, new solvent systems were developed to replace butylacetate for extraction of macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin, kitasamycin, spiramycin meleumycin etc.). A new neutral com...Based on the theory of reactive extraction, new solvent systems were developed to replace butylacetate for extraction of macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin, kitasamycin, spiramycin meleumycin etc.). A new neutral complex solvent extraction system, fatty alcohol-kerosene (marked by El), was used for extraction of erythromycin, one of the macrolide antibiotics. The extraction equilibrium equation is obtained, and the extraction distribution is as followsD = exp (-36.33×103/RT + 18.77)[B](o)1.1/(1 + 108.07-PH)The effects of several parameters on extraction equilibrium were investigated. Furthermore, a new synergistic extraction system (marked by E2) was developed, in which another solvent was used as synergistic agent to replace the diluent kerosene in the neutral complex extraction system. Based on these new extraction systems, an improved process for extraction of erythromycin was developed, showing remarkable advantages in technology and economics owing to its low solvent consumption of 3kg per billion unit compared with 9—10 for butylacetate. The recovery process of solvent from raffinate may be eliminated.展开更多
This paper studies several performance metrics of a wireless-powered decode-and-forward(DF) relay network with imperfect channel state information(CSI). In particular, based on the time switching(TS) protocol, the ene...This paper studies several performance metrics of a wireless-powered decode-and-forward(DF) relay network with imperfect channel state information(CSI). In particular, based on the time switching(TS) protocol, the energy-constrained relay harvesting energy from a power beacon(PB), and uses that harvested energy to forward the source information to destination. The closedform expression of the outage probability is firstly derived over Rayleigh fading channels. Then, the asymptotic analysis, throughput as well as the symbol error probability(SEP) are derived based on the expression of the outage probability. Next, both transmission power of the source and the power beacon are optimized through the throughput optimization. Finally, simulations are conducted to corroborate our theoretical analysis, and to reveal the impact of the transmission power of the source and PB as well as the imperfect CSI on the system performance.展开更多
文摘Based on the theory of reactive extraction, new solvent systems were developed to replace butylacetate for extraction of macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin, kitasamycin, spiramycin meleumycin etc.). A new neutral complex solvent extraction system, fatty alcohol-kerosene (marked by El), was used for extraction of erythromycin, one of the macrolide antibiotics. The extraction equilibrium equation is obtained, and the extraction distribution is as followsD = exp (-36.33×103/RT + 18.77)[B](o)1.1/(1 + 108.07-PH)The effects of several parameters on extraction equilibrium were investigated. Furthermore, a new synergistic extraction system (marked by E2) was developed, in which another solvent was used as synergistic agent to replace the diluent kerosene in the neutral complex extraction system. Based on these new extraction systems, an improved process for extraction of erythromycin was developed, showing remarkable advantages in technology and economics owing to its low solvent consumption of 3kg per billion unit compared with 9—10 for butylacetate. The recovery process of solvent from raffinate may be eliminated.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 61571340, 61301170)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant JB150109the 111 Project under Grant B08038
文摘This paper studies several performance metrics of a wireless-powered decode-and-forward(DF) relay network with imperfect channel state information(CSI). In particular, based on the time switching(TS) protocol, the energy-constrained relay harvesting energy from a power beacon(PB), and uses that harvested energy to forward the source information to destination. The closedform expression of the outage probability is firstly derived over Rayleigh fading channels. Then, the asymptotic analysis, throughput as well as the symbol error probability(SEP) are derived based on the expression of the outage probability. Next, both transmission power of the source and the power beacon are optimized through the throughput optimization. Finally, simulations are conducted to corroborate our theoretical analysis, and to reveal the impact of the transmission power of the source and PB as well as the imperfect CSI on the system performance.
