Aim To study the mechanism of protective effects of Danbiqing granule (DBQ) on experimental acute bacterial cholangitis in rabbits. Methods The acute bacterial cholangitis was induced by injecting 1 mL of 1×10...Aim To study the mechanism of protective effects of Danbiqing granule (DBQ) on experimental acute bacterial cholangitis in rabbits. Methods The acute bacterial cholangitis was induced by injecting 1 mL of 1×10 8 cfu·mL -1 Escherchia coli suspension into common bile duit. The serum nitrous oxide (NO) levels were measured using nitric acid reductase kit. Phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) activity was assayed by a method of acid titration (microassay). Serum tumor necrcsis factor α(TNF α), inferleukin 6 (IL 6) and plasma thromboxane B 2 (TXB 2), 6 keto platelet growth factor 1 (PGF 1α ) were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results Compared with control group, serum NO, PLA 2, TNF α, IL 6 and plasma TXB 2 levels increased significantly in model group ( P <0.01) while those of DBQ groups decreased significantly( P <0 01). Conclusion DBQ dramatically inhibits the overproduction of pro inflammatory factor PLA 2 and inflammatory cytokine. Hence, the mechanism of DBQ underlying anti inflammatory and protective effect against acute bacterial cholangitis in rabbits has been revealed.展开更多
The glycoprotein lactoferrin is found in many body fluids but also in the granules of neutrophilic granulocytes. Fecal lactoferrin levels increase quickly with the influx of leukocytes into the intestinal lumen during...The glycoprotein lactoferrin is found in many body fluids but also in the granules of neutrophilic granulocytes. Fecal lactoferrin levels increase quickly with the influx of leukocytes into the intestinal lumen during inflammation. This biomarker has recently been shown to be a sensitive and specific marker of disease activity in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Our aim was the determination of fecal lactoferrin as a marker of intestinal inflammation and the rapeutic response following infliximab therapy in pediatric patients with Crohn s disease (CD). A total of five patients (ages 10-15 years) with severe Crohn s disease as defined by the Pediatric Crohn s Disease Activity Index (PCDAI)was enrolled in the study. The fecal lactoferrin levels were determined before and after therapy with infliximab by a quantitative lactoferrin ELISA (IBD-SCAN;TechLab, Inc.). Of the five patients on infliximab therapy,three received a single infusion and the remaining two underwent a regime with three maintenance infusions. All five patients responded to infliximab clinically after the first infusion, and in all patients, fecal lactoferrin levels significantly and rapidly decreased from elevated to near baseline in parallel to clinical assessment and the PCDAI. The reduction in fecal lactoferrin at days 7-10 was 93.43 ± 4.49% ,in comparison with the level before infliximab therapy, and correlated with a mean decrease in the PCDAI from 48.50 to 14.0. For the patients followed during multiple infusions,one remained with mild disease and the other reached remission (subjective and PCDAI). Fecal lactoferrin is a sensitive and specific biomarker representing intestinal inflammation and response to therapy in pediatric patients with Crohn s disease. It may be a helpful noninvasive diagnostic tool for monitoring therapeutic efficiency in pediatric IBD patients. Future studies are needed to further establish the relationship between endoscopic changes and the level of fecal lactoferrin as well as the possible role of lactoferrin as being an early and preclinical indicator of relapse.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the traditional Chinese herbs Astragali and Angelicae Sinensis(A & As) particle [contains Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolica), Danggui(Radix Angelicae Sinensis),Huzhanggeng(R...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the traditional Chinese herbs Astragali and Angelicae Sinensis(A & As) particle [contains Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolica), Danggui(Radix Angelicae Sinensis),Huzhanggeng(Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati) and Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae)] on proteinuria in glomerulonephritis patients with stage 2 chronic kidney disease.METHODS: A prospective, multi-center, and randomized controlled clinical trial was performed for 24 weeks. From March 2011 to April 2012, 158 patients from nine hospitals in China participated.They were randomized into the A&As group(79 cases, A&As particle 15.2 g/day) and losartan group(79 cases, losartan 50 mg/day). At each follow-up visit, clinical data including blood pressure, urinalysis, 24-h-urinary protein excretion, serum albumin and serum creatinine were collected.RESULTS: All 158 patients completed the follow-up. Proteinuria in the losartan group exhibited a biphasic time-dependent decline with a significant steady reduction from baseline to week 12(P = 0.0014), and a platform level during the remaining 12-week follow-up(P > 0.05). In contrast, there was a continual significant decrease of proteinuria in the A & As group(P < 0.001). When compared with the losartan results, proteinuria in the A & As group from week 16 to week 24 was significantly reduced(P < 0.001). Stable e GFRs and blood pressure were also observed in both groups. Medication side effects were minimal and non-fatal.CONCLUSION: For Chinese glomerulonephritis patients with stage 2 chronic kidney disease, therapy with A & As particles may provide effective anti-proteinuria treatment.展开更多
Imbricate structure is a common sedimentary structure and is well developed in sandy sediments. Here, we report a lamina- controlled fine-sand-particle imbricate structure in a set of very fine grained sedimentary roc...Imbricate structure is a common sedimentary structure and is well developed in sandy sediments. Here, we report a lamina- controlled fine-sand-particle imbricate structure in a set of very fine grained sedimentary rocks （fine sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone） at the Dockyard and Qianceng Cliff areas of Lingshan Island, Qingdao, Shandong, China. Sets of up to 300 laminae are found in stratigraphic profiles in these areas. The laminae are generally less than 1 mm thick, with most being 0.3-0.4 mm thick and the thinnest being 〈0.1 ram. The dip angle of the imbricate structure varies widely, between 0° and 90°, with an av- erage dip angle of about 40°-50°, which is higher than that of imbricate riverbed gravels （about 34°）. The dip angle is a func- tion of the shape and sorting of the particles, as well as the hydrodynamic conditions under which these fine-grained sediments were deposited. Several profiles show well-developed multiscale, soft-sediment deformation structures. Flute casts, load casts, and groove casts are also common. Fragments of carbon remains occur widely and commonly constitute stringers several mil- limeters thick and up to 10 cm long, together with fine clasts. Vitrain lenticles are also common. Based on the imbricate struc- ture of the Lingshan Island deposits, it is shown that in addition to paleocurrent analysis, the imbricate structure can be used to infer information about fluid properties, transport characteristics, and sedimentary processes of the depositional environment. A near-bottom underflow, either of authigenic origin or derived from cold river water in winter in a delta interdistributary bay or delta-front environment, is inferred to have provided the hydrodynamic setting in which this imbricate structure formed. The imbricate structure, together with other sedimentary structures and features, shows that the sedimentary rocks on Lingshan Is- land were deposited in an inland, shallow-water environment, such as a delta, and not in a deep-water or submarine continen- tal-slope environment.展开更多
基金SupportedbyTianjinNinth Five YearProject,No .983 113 411
文摘Aim To study the mechanism of protective effects of Danbiqing granule (DBQ) on experimental acute bacterial cholangitis in rabbits. Methods The acute bacterial cholangitis was induced by injecting 1 mL of 1×10 8 cfu·mL -1 Escherchia coli suspension into common bile duit. The serum nitrous oxide (NO) levels were measured using nitric acid reductase kit. Phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2) activity was assayed by a method of acid titration (microassay). Serum tumor necrcsis factor α(TNF α), inferleukin 6 (IL 6) and plasma thromboxane B 2 (TXB 2), 6 keto platelet growth factor 1 (PGF 1α ) were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results Compared with control group, serum NO, PLA 2, TNF α, IL 6 and plasma TXB 2 levels increased significantly in model group ( P <0.01) while those of DBQ groups decreased significantly( P <0 01). Conclusion DBQ dramatically inhibits the overproduction of pro inflammatory factor PLA 2 and inflammatory cytokine. Hence, the mechanism of DBQ underlying anti inflammatory and protective effect against acute bacterial cholangitis in rabbits has been revealed.
文摘The glycoprotein lactoferrin is found in many body fluids but also in the granules of neutrophilic granulocytes. Fecal lactoferrin levels increase quickly with the influx of leukocytes into the intestinal lumen during inflammation. This biomarker has recently been shown to be a sensitive and specific marker of disease activity in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Our aim was the determination of fecal lactoferrin as a marker of intestinal inflammation and the rapeutic response following infliximab therapy in pediatric patients with Crohn s disease (CD). A total of five patients (ages 10-15 years) with severe Crohn s disease as defined by the Pediatric Crohn s Disease Activity Index (PCDAI)was enrolled in the study. The fecal lactoferrin levels were determined before and after therapy with infliximab by a quantitative lactoferrin ELISA (IBD-SCAN;TechLab, Inc.). Of the five patients on infliximab therapy,three received a single infusion and the remaining two underwent a regime with three maintenance infusions. All five patients responded to infliximab clinically after the first infusion, and in all patients, fecal lactoferrin levels significantly and rapidly decreased from elevated to near baseline in parallel to clinical assessment and the PCDAI. The reduction in fecal lactoferrin at days 7-10 was 93.43 ± 4.49% ,in comparison with the level before infliximab therapy, and correlated with a mean decrease in the PCDAI from 48.50 to 14.0. For the patients followed during multiple infusions,one remained with mild disease and the other reached remission (subjective and PCDAI). Fecal lactoferrin is a sensitive and specific biomarker representing intestinal inflammation and response to therapy in pediatric patients with Crohn s disease. It may be a helpful noninvasive diagnostic tool for monitoring therapeutic efficiency in pediatric IBD patients. Future studies are needed to further establish the relationship between endoscopic changes and the level of fecal lactoferrin as well as the possible role of lactoferrin as being an early and preclinical indicator of relapse.
基金Ministry of Scientific Technology of China Grant(Optimum Proposal of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Proteinuria in Patients with Primary Glomerulonephritis,No.201007005)Shanghai Science&Technology Commission Grant(Clinical Study of Astragali Xiaobai Particle on Proteinuria in Patients with Primary Chronic Glomerulonephritis,No.14401972203)+2 种基金Three Years of Development Project for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(Senior Chinese Integrative Medicine Talent Cultivation Project,No.ZYSNXD012-RC-ZXY003)Three Years of Development Project for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning(Effect of Astragali Xiaobai Particle on Proteinuria in Patients with Primary Chronic Glomerulonephritis,No.ZY3-JSFC-2-1029)Innovative Research Team in Universities,Shanghai Municipal Education
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the traditional Chinese herbs Astragali and Angelicae Sinensis(A & As) particle [contains Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolica), Danggui(Radix Angelicae Sinensis),Huzhanggeng(Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati) and Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae)] on proteinuria in glomerulonephritis patients with stage 2 chronic kidney disease.METHODS: A prospective, multi-center, and randomized controlled clinical trial was performed for 24 weeks. From March 2011 to April 2012, 158 patients from nine hospitals in China participated.They were randomized into the A&As group(79 cases, A&As particle 15.2 g/day) and losartan group(79 cases, losartan 50 mg/day). At each follow-up visit, clinical data including blood pressure, urinalysis, 24-h-urinary protein excretion, serum albumin and serum creatinine were collected.RESULTS: All 158 patients completed the follow-up. Proteinuria in the losartan group exhibited a biphasic time-dependent decline with a significant steady reduction from baseline to week 12(P = 0.0014), and a platform level during the remaining 12-week follow-up(P > 0.05). In contrast, there was a continual significant decrease of proteinuria in the A & As group(P < 0.001). When compared with the losartan results, proteinuria in the A & As group from week 16 to week 24 was significantly reduced(P < 0.001). Stable e GFRs and blood pressure were also observed in both groups. Medication side effects were minimal and non-fatal.CONCLUSION: For Chinese glomerulonephritis patients with stage 2 chronic kidney disease, therapy with A & As particles may provide effective anti-proteinuria treatment.
基金financially supported by Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant Nos. 20030425008, 20060425509)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41172093)Independent Innovation Foundation of China University of Petroleum (Grant No. R1301003A)
文摘Imbricate structure is a common sedimentary structure and is well developed in sandy sediments. Here, we report a lamina- controlled fine-sand-particle imbricate structure in a set of very fine grained sedimentary rocks （fine sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone） at the Dockyard and Qianceng Cliff areas of Lingshan Island, Qingdao, Shandong, China. Sets of up to 300 laminae are found in stratigraphic profiles in these areas. The laminae are generally less than 1 mm thick, with most being 0.3-0.4 mm thick and the thinnest being 〈0.1 ram. The dip angle of the imbricate structure varies widely, between 0° and 90°, with an av- erage dip angle of about 40°-50°, which is higher than that of imbricate riverbed gravels （about 34°）. The dip angle is a func- tion of the shape and sorting of the particles, as well as the hydrodynamic conditions under which these fine-grained sediments were deposited. Several profiles show well-developed multiscale, soft-sediment deformation structures. Flute casts, load casts, and groove casts are also common. Fragments of carbon remains occur widely and commonly constitute stringers several mil- limeters thick and up to 10 cm long, together with fine clasts. Vitrain lenticles are also common. Based on the imbricate struc- ture of the Lingshan Island deposits, it is shown that in addition to paleocurrent analysis, the imbricate structure can be used to infer information about fluid properties, transport characteristics, and sedimentary processes of the depositional environment. A near-bottom underflow, either of authigenic origin or derived from cold river water in winter in a delta interdistributary bay or delta-front environment, is inferred to have provided the hydrodynamic setting in which this imbricate structure formed. The imbricate structure, together with other sedimentary structures and features, shows that the sedimentary rocks on Lingshan Is- land were deposited in an inland, shallow-water environment, such as a delta, and not in a deep-water or submarine continen- tal-slope environment.
