Objective: To study the imaging features of extra-axial tumors and tumor-likelesions involving both middle and posterior cranial fossae and to make a classification. Methods:Sixty cases of pathologically confirmed ext...Objective: To study the imaging features of extra-axial tumors and tumor-likelesions involving both middle and posterior cranial fossae and to make a classification. Methods:Sixty cases of pathologically confirmed extra-axil tumors and tumor-like lesions involving bothmiddle and posterior cranial fossae were analyzed. They were divided into central and lateral types,the latter of which were subdivided into three types: middle cranial fossae type, posterior cranialfossae type and the over-riding type. The constitution and imaging features of each type wereanalyzed. Results: There were 12 cases of central type, including chordoma (n=5), pituitary adenoma(n=3), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=2), craniopharyn-gioma (n=1) and meningioma (n=l). 48 cases oflateral type including trigeminal nerve tumors (n=14), meningioma (n=12), epidermoid cyst (n=11),dural cavernous hemangioma (n=4), dermoid cyst (n=2), metastasis (n=2), hemangiopericytoma (n=1),paraganglioma of glonius jugular (n=1) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=1). Each type of the lesionshad its own shape features, some of which were characteristic for some specific tumors. Most of thetumors and tumor-like lesions could be qualitatively diagnosed according to their imagingcharacteristics and the extent of the lesions could be defined definitely. Conclusion: It is helpfulto categorize extra-axial tumors and tumor-like lesions involving both middle and posterior cranialfossae according to their location for qualitative diagnosis and description of the extent of theselesions. It is of great clinical value in providing more precise and thorough imaging informationfor planning therapeutic methods and route of operation.展开更多
Carotenoids play an important role in many physiological processes in plants and the phytoene desaturase gene （PDS3） encodes one of the important enzymes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Here we report the id...Carotenoids play an important role in many physiological processes in plants and the phytoene desaturase gene （PDS3） encodes one of the important enzymes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Here we report the identification and analysis of a T-DNA insertion mutant of PDS3 gene. Functional complementation confirmed that both the albino and dwarfphenotypes ofthepds3 mutant resulted from functional disruption of the PDS3 gene. Chloroplast development was arrested at the proplastid stage in thepds3 mutant. Further analysis showed that high level ofphytoene was accumulated in the pds3 mutant. Addition of exogenous GA3 could partially rescue the dwarf phenotype, suggesting that the dwarf phenotype ofthepds3 mutant might be due to GA deficiency. Microarray and RT-PCR analysis showed that disrupting PDS3 gene resulted in gene expression changes involved in at least 20 metabolic pathways, including the inhibition of many genes in carotenoid, chlorophyll, and GA biosynthesis pathways. Our data suggest that the accumulated phytoene in the pds3 mutant might play an important role in certain negative feedbacks to affect gene expression of diverse cellular pathways.展开更多
The zonal shift of SST warming patterns associated with the eastern Pacific （EP） and central Pacific （CP） El Ni（n）o leads to a significant contrast in MJO strength over the Maritime Continent.The MJO circulation...The zonal shift of SST warming patterns associated with the eastern Pacific （EP） and central Pacific （CP） El Ni（n）o leads to a significant contrast in MJO strength over the Maritime Continent.The MJO circulation tends to be stronger over the Maritime Continent during the mature phase （autumnwinter） of CP El Ni（n）o than of EP El Ni（n）o.Based on a new MJO kinetic energy （KE） budget equation,in which the effects of mean flow and high-frequency disturbances on the MJO are separated,we found that the low-level MJO gains more KE from the background mean flow during CP El Ni（n）o events,although at the same time the enhanced MJO transfers more KE to high-frequency eddies.Among the three-dimensional circulation anomalies,the low-level convergence and cyclonic anomalies associated with upward anomalies of the Walker circulation over the Maritime Continent play leading roles in inducing the enhanced barotropic energy conversion from mean flow to MJO during CP El Ni（n）o events relative to EP El Ni（n）o events.The more vigorous MJO with strengthened vertical motion and heating anomalies at the upper troposphere can maintain its amplitude through the baroclinic energy conversion from the MJO available potential energy to KE.Both the low-tomid tropospheric barotropic energy conversion from mean flow to MJO and upper-level baroclinic energy conversion contribute positively to the enhanced MJO over the Maritime Continent during CP El Ni（n）o years compared to during EP El Ni（n）o years.展开更多
This report analyzes the existing problems in terminology referring to clinical symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)from the viewpoint of data sharing and elaborates the necessity of establishing a standard d...This report analyzes the existing problems in terminology referring to clinical symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)from the viewpoint of data sharing and elaborates the necessity of establishing a standard directory of clinical data elements of TCM.We evaluated the principles and methods of data element extraction according to the status quo of the clinical information system and characteristics of symptoms for TCM and consequently proposed a three-layer model for optimal extraction.展开更多
On the basis of software testing tools we developed for programming languages, we firstly present a new control flowgraph model based on block. In view of the notion of block, we extend the traditional program\|based ...On the basis of software testing tools we developed for programming languages, we firstly present a new control flowgraph model based on block. In view of the notion of block, we extend the traditional program\|based software test data adequacy measurement criteria, and empirically analyze the subsume relation between these measurement criteria. Then, we define four test complexity metrics based on block. They are J\|complexity 0; J\|complexity 1; J\|complexity \{1+\}; J\|complexity 2. Finally, we show the Kiviat diagram that makes software quality visible.展开更多
In the continuous casting production of medium carbon steel (whose mass fraction of carbon is 0.09 % to 0.16 %) and high strength low alloy steel (whose mass fraction of Mn is 0.90 % to 1.40 %), flecks occurring the m...In the continuous casting production of medium carbon steel (whose mass fraction of carbon is 0.09 % to 0.16 %) and high strength low alloy steel (whose mass fraction of Mn is 0.90 % to 1.40 %), flecks occurring the most often are usually longitudinal and star cracks. In additional to the employment of a galvanized plate mould, two kinds of fluxes with special properties were studied and used to harmonize the conflicts between the function of heat transfer and lubrication. An industrial application revealed that the crystallizing temperature (Tc) and crystal ratio (R) of fluxes have a crucible effect on impeding the occurrence of above defects on a slab surface. In the case of slab section (180 to 240) mm(1000 to 1400) mm and casting speed Vc of (0.7 to 1.2) m/min, the optimized parameters of fluxes are Tc of (1170 to 1190) ℃, R of 80 % to 95 % for medium carbon steel, and Tc of (1100 to 1150) ℃, plus R of 40 % to 60 % for high strength low alloy steel.展开更多
文摘Objective: To study the imaging features of extra-axial tumors and tumor-likelesions involving both middle and posterior cranial fossae and to make a classification. Methods:Sixty cases of pathologically confirmed extra-axil tumors and tumor-like lesions involving bothmiddle and posterior cranial fossae were analyzed. They were divided into central and lateral types,the latter of which were subdivided into three types: middle cranial fossae type, posterior cranialfossae type and the over-riding type. The constitution and imaging features of each type wereanalyzed. Results: There were 12 cases of central type, including chordoma (n=5), pituitary adenoma(n=3), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=2), craniopharyn-gioma (n=1) and meningioma (n=l). 48 cases oflateral type including trigeminal nerve tumors (n=14), meningioma (n=12), epidermoid cyst (n=11),dural cavernous hemangioma (n=4), dermoid cyst (n=2), metastasis (n=2), hemangiopericytoma (n=1),paraganglioma of glonius jugular (n=1) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=1). Each type of the lesionshad its own shape features, some of which were characteristic for some specific tumors. Most of thetumors and tumor-like lesions could be qualitatively diagnosed according to their imagingcharacteristics and the extent of the lesions could be defined definitely. Conclusion: It is helpfulto categorize extra-axial tumors and tumor-like lesions involving both middle and posterior cranialfossae according to their location for qualitative diagnosis and description of the extent of theselesions. It is of great clinical value in providing more precise and thorough imaging informationfor planning therapeutic methods and route of operation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 30470172）.
文摘Carotenoids play an important role in many physiological processes in plants and the phytoene desaturase gene （PDS3） encodes one of the important enzymes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Here we report the identification and analysis of a T-DNA insertion mutant of PDS3 gene. Functional complementation confirmed that both the albino and dwarfphenotypes ofthepds3 mutant resulted from functional disruption of the PDS3 gene. Chloroplast development was arrested at the proplastid stage in thepds3 mutant. Further analysis showed that high level ofphytoene was accumulated in the pds3 mutant. Addition of exogenous GA3 could partially rescue the dwarf phenotype, suggesting that the dwarf phenotype ofthepds3 mutant might be due to GA deficiency. Microarray and RT-PCR analysis showed that disrupting PDS3 gene resulted in gene expression changes involved in at least 20 metabolic pathways, including the inhibition of many genes in carotenoid, chlorophyll, and GA biosynthesis pathways. Our data suggest that the accumulated phytoene in the pds3 mutant might play an important role in certain negative feedbacks to affect gene expression of diverse cellular pathways.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41375100]the National Basic Research Program of China[973 Program,grant number2015CB453200]the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province[grant number BK20140046]
文摘The zonal shift of SST warming patterns associated with the eastern Pacific （EP） and central Pacific （CP） El Ni（n）o leads to a significant contrast in MJO strength over the Maritime Continent.The MJO circulation tends to be stronger over the Maritime Continent during the mature phase （autumnwinter） of CP El Ni（n）o than of EP El Ni（n）o.Based on a new MJO kinetic energy （KE） budget equation,in which the effects of mean flow and high-frequency disturbances on the MJO are separated,we found that the low-level MJO gains more KE from the background mean flow during CP El Ni（n）o events,although at the same time the enhanced MJO transfers more KE to high-frequency eddies.Among the three-dimensional circulation anomalies,the low-level convergence and cyclonic anomalies associated with upward anomalies of the Walker circulation over the Maritime Continent play leading roles in inducing the enhanced barotropic energy conversion from mean flow to MJO during CP El Ni（n）o events relative to EP El Ni（n）o events.The more vigorous MJO with strengthened vertical motion and heating anomalies at the upper troposphere can maintain its amplitude through the baroclinic energy conversion from the MJO available potential energy to KE.Both the low-tomid tropospheric barotropic energy conversion from mean flow to MJO and upper-level baroclinic energy conversion contribute positively to the enhanced MJO over the Maritime Continent during CP El Ni（n）o years compared to during EP El Ni（n）o years.
基金funding support from the Innovation Platform Open Fund Project of Hunan Provincial Universities (No. 13K076)National Key Discipline Open Fund Project of TCM diagnostics in Hunan University of Chinese Medicine (2015zyzd18)
文摘This report analyzes the existing problems in terminology referring to clinical symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)from the viewpoint of data sharing and elaborates the necessity of establishing a standard directory of clinical data elements of TCM.We evaluated the principles and methods of data element extraction according to the status quo of the clinical information system and characteristics of symptoms for TCM and consequently proposed a three-layer model for optimal extraction.
文摘On the basis of software testing tools we developed for programming languages, we firstly present a new control flowgraph model based on block. In view of the notion of block, we extend the traditional program\|based software test data adequacy measurement criteria, and empirically analyze the subsume relation between these measurement criteria. Then, we define four test complexity metrics based on block. They are J\|complexity 0; J\|complexity 1; J\|complexity \{1+\}; J\|complexity 2. Finally, we show the Kiviat diagram that makes software quality visible.
文摘In the continuous casting production of medium carbon steel (whose mass fraction of carbon is 0.09 % to 0.16 %) and high strength low alloy steel (whose mass fraction of Mn is 0.90 % to 1.40 %), flecks occurring the most often are usually longitudinal and star cracks. In additional to the employment of a galvanized plate mould, two kinds of fluxes with special properties were studied and used to harmonize the conflicts between the function of heat transfer and lubrication. An industrial application revealed that the crystallizing temperature (Tc) and crystal ratio (R) of fluxes have a crucible effect on impeding the occurrence of above defects on a slab surface. In the case of slab section (180 to 240) mm(1000 to 1400) mm and casting speed Vc of (0.7 to 1.2) m/min, the optimized parameters of fluxes are Tc of (1170 to 1190) ℃, R of 80 % to 95 % for medium carbon steel, and Tc of (1100 to 1150) ℃, plus R of 40 % to 60 % for high strength low alloy steel.
