肾去神经治疗:How far have we got?

原发性高血压、胰岛素抵抗、充血性心力衰竭、慢性肾功能不全都存在中枢交感神经的过度激活,这种效应来源之一是由肾交感传入神经对中枢交感神经的激活。因此,识别肾交感神经对治疗以上疾病有着重要意义。交感神经系统的长期过度激活还与代谢综合征(如血压的升高、肥胖、血脂代谢紊乱、伴有高胰岛素血症的空腹血糖受损)相关。在此综述中,将说明选择性去除肾交感神经治疗难治性高血压不仅可以降低中枢交感神经的激活,还可影响一些有中枢交感神经过度激活的疾病,如胰岛素抵抗、充血性心力衰竭、利尿剂抵抗和心肾综合征等。

脑梗死部位与交感神经皮肤反应的相关性研究

目的 :研究脑梗死时交感神经皮肤反应 (SSR)的异常变化与梗死部位的关系。方法 :对 64例脑梗死患者测试SSR ,并比较大脑中动脉供血区梗死 (MCAI)与脑干梗死SSR异常的特点。结果 :脑梗死组SSR异常率 62 5 % ,MCAI单侧SSR异常率明显高于脑干梗死组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,双侧SSR异常脑干梗死组显著高于MCAI组 (P <0 0 1)。结论

围手术期神经源性肺水肿研究进展

神经源性肺水肿(neurogenic pulmonary edema,NPE)是以急性、严重中枢神经系统损害所引发的急性呼吸窘迫为特征.NPE多发生于颅脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)、急性脑血管病、癫痫等严重颅内病变的患者,尤以脑卒中、蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)为多见,也可见于脑膜炎、吉兰-巴雷综合征等患者.目前,缺乏具体的生物诊断指标和统一的诊断标准,导致不能快速诊断.文章旨在探讨围手术期NPE的相关病理生理学机制、临床表现、诊断与鉴别诊断、预后和治疗等,以期为NPE的诊断和治疗提供帮助.

Influence of sympathetic stumulating time series on activity of chronically compressed dorsal root ganglion neurons in rat

Objective: To study responses of injured DRG neurons to sympathetic stimulation with different temporal stimulating pattern. Methods: In chronically compressed DRG model, the spontaneous activity of single fiber from the injured DRG neuron was recorded, lumbar sympathetic trunk was electrical stimulated, and the responses of DRG neurons caused by chaotic and periodic sympathetic stimulation were compared. Results: It was found that the response of DRG increased gradually as the sympathetic stimulating frequency increased from 5 Hz to 20 Hz(P<0.01). The chaotic stimulation evoked much greater response than periodic stimulation did, even though the stimulating frequence was similar(P<0.01). Conclusion: Besides the stimulating frequency, the temporal stimulating pattern is one of important factor that effect response of DRG neuron to sympathetic stimulation. The chaotic activity of neurons might be one of effective way to transmit neural information.