中老龄化垃圾渗滤液处理工艺建议

生活垃圾填埋场产生的渗滤液成分复杂、浓度高、波动大,贵州省县级生活垃圾卫生填埋场基本已步入中老龄化阶段,可生化性变差,氨氮浓度高,C/N比相对而言不甚理想,此一时期的垃圾渗滤液较难处理。推荐在现有的“生物处理+超滤(或膜生物反应器)+Fenton高级氧化+活化沸石曝气生物滤池+纳滤+反渗透”工艺基础上增加Fenton高级氧化系统和活化沸石曝气生物滤池,组成“生物处理+超滤(或膜生物反应器)+Fenton高级氧化+活化沸石曝气生物滤池+纳滤+反渗透”的渗滤液处理工艺,根据渗滤液的浓度及水量变化灵活调整工况,以保证渗滤液处理稳定达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》GB16889-2008中表2限值的同时,尽可能减少能耗。

基于扎根理论的公立医院临床医师工作中成功老龄化实现机制研究

目的应用扎根理论的方法,对公立医院临床医师工作中成功老龄化实现机制进行探索性研究,提出相应的管理建议。方法2023年6—8月采用目的抽样方法对湖北省、山东省共5家公立医院的24名医务人员进行半结构式访谈,借助扎根理论对访谈记录进行编码、分析和整合。结果经开放式编码、主轴编码和选择性编码最终梳理出与临床医师工作中成功老龄化相关的204个标签、47个初始范畴、16个主范畴和5个核心范畴,形成临床医师工作中成功老龄化实现机制模型。结论年长医师工作中成功老龄化主要包含身心健康、工作适应、关系与传承、内外报酬和价值实现5个方面。组织支持因素、个体工作重塑通过满足年长医师的心理需求、实现有效资源管理和促进人与工作匹配,实现工作中成功老龄化;个体特征因素在其中起调节作用;工作重塑在组织支持因素对临床医师工作中成功老龄化影响中起中介作用。

重新探讨工作中成功老龄化的内涵、前因及结果:基于代际互动视角

工作中成功老龄化概念的提出为组织开发老年人力资源提供了新思路。然而,现有研究对于工作中成功老龄化的概念界定尚不清晰,未能揭示其独特内涵,忽视了代际互动因素对工作中成功老龄化的影响,以及对于工作中成功老龄化的结果变量缺乏关注。为解决以上问题,本研究提出进行三方面的研究:第一,从代际互动视角出发,重新探索工作中成功老龄化的内涵及结构维度;第二,确定代际知识共享与工作中成功老龄化的关系形态以及职业适应性和代际友谊的双中介机制,并引入主客体互依模型检验上述关系的主客体效应;第三,构建工作中成功老龄化影响年轻员工工作投入的双刃剑效应模型。本研究创新性地从代际互动的视角出发,重新探讨工作中成功老龄化的内涵和结构,尝试拓展其影响因素和结果效应研究,以期推进和完善工作中成功老龄化的理论研究。

职业生涯晚期工作重塑与工作中成功老龄化

随着人口快速老龄化,劳动人口中老年人的比重持续扩大。工作中成功老龄化(successful aging at work)积极看待工作中的老龄化过程,指出老年员工不仅能很好地适应自身与工作变化,还能为组织持续创造价值、发挥“余热”,进而有助于缓解劳动力老龄化和年轻劳动力短缺所带来的难题。工作重塑(job crafting)作为员工的一种主动性行为,与个体和环境因素的交互作用,能有效帮助老年员工实现可持续的人.环境匹配和资源有效管理,适应年龄与工作环境的变化,在职业生涯晚期带来积极的工作结果,最终实现工作中成功老龄化。工作中成功老龄化、老年员工工作重塑的概念和测量皆须进一步研究,进而深入开展老年员工工作重塑对工作中成功老龄化的作用机制及干预方法实证研究。

工作中成功老龄化的前因机制

全球劳动力正在经历老龄化。工作中成功老龄化在促进年长员工生产效率提升、职业发展和工作价值实现方面具有重要作用,近年来受到了学者们的广泛关注。通过对74篇相关文献进行内容分析,影响工作中成功老龄化的因素可被概括为组织与工作环境、适应性策略、主动性策略和个人特征四类,并据此提出发生机制的综合模型。未来应从探索“结构性”因素和跨学科理论的联合使用、前因和发生机制的进一步探索,以及研究方法和设计的优化三个方面展开更为深入的研究。

年长员工工作重塑与工作中成功老龄化:一项交叉滞后研究

关于工作重塑对年长员工工作中成功老龄化影响的探讨目前处于理论层面,还没有研究对此进行实证检验。本文采用交叉滞后研究设计探讨工作重塑对工作中成功老龄化的影响。本文以中国年长员工为被试进行了为期六个月的追踪调查,结果发现:总体来看,年长员工T1的工作重塑能显著正向预测T2的工作中成功老龄化;具体而言,年长员工T1的促进性工作重塑显著正向预测T2的工作中成功老龄化;年长员工T1的预防性工作重塑对T2的工作中成功老龄化的预测作用无统计学意义。促进性工作重塑是工作中成功老龄化的关键原因。

Social isolation and health-promoting behaviors among older adults living with different health statuses:A cross-sectional study

Objectives:To describe the characteristics and relationships of social isolation and health promoting behaviors of Chinese older adults with different health statuses.Methods:Totally 485 older adults were recruited.They were divided into three groups based on their health status:healthy group(n=72),group with one disease(n=183)and group with multimorbidity(n=230).Lubben Social Network Scale-6 and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II were used to measure their social isolation and health-promoting behaviors,respectively.Results:Among the aged with one disease or multimorbidity,30.6%(56/183)and 31.7%(73/230)were socially isolated,respectively,based on the score of the Lubben Social Network Scale-6.The three groups differed significantly in health-promoting behaviors and scores on several subscales.The group with multimorbidity exhibited more social isolation and fewer health-promoting behaviors than other groups.Social isolation was among the factors adversely affecting health-promoting behaviors in older adults.Conclusions:Health care providers should help older adults with multimorbidity preserve the remaining abilities to improve health-promoting behaviors.Meanwhile,it is important to support healthy older adults to increase self-responsibility to achieve healthy aging.

The Status Quo of and Development Strategies for Healthcare Towns Against the Background of Aging Population

In consideration of elderly peopled need for healthcare in the context of aging population, authois of this paper stxidied tiie combination 〇 ￡ characteristic towns and the healthcare industry against the background, of a vigorous campaign for chafacteristic town construction. In addition to studying thevalue and status quo of healthcare towns, they put forward development strategies for healthcare towns in terms of the health industry, health preservation, eldercare, and vacationing, with a view to injecting new vitality into the construction of healthcare towns.

SPATIAL-TEMPORAL CHANGES AND TRENDS OF AGEING IN CHINA

This study focuses on the development stages of ageing and its regional differences in China based on examination of official statistics and documents. The development of ageing in China has experienced three major stages. Firstly, in the 1950s, low coefficient of elderly population (over 65 years) paced up to primary adult type. Secondly, there was a deeply drop of the elderly population because of natural disaster and political factors in the 1960s. Thirdly, from the 1970s to the end of 20th century, the constant increasing of elderly coefficient made China close to elderly society. With statistic data of population, Logistic model is used to simulate the future development of ageing, and two characteristics of development of ageing are presented. Firstly, as for ageing from 2005 to 2050, the elderly coefficient will grow up significantly from 8.48% to 16.30%. Secondly, after 2025, the increasing rate of elderly coefficient will slow down gradually. The regional differences of elderly population in China can be summarized as follows: 1) the eastern China possesses higher elderly coefficient and huger elder population than the western China; 2) about 47.4% of municipalities and provinces in the eastern China become elderly especially Shanghai, Zhejiang Province, Jiangsu Province, Beijing, Tianjin and Shandong Province; 3) ageing intensity is higher in rural area than urban area but getting close each other, and there are more elderly people in rural area than in urban area. Therefore, these will arose aged care problems, and it becomes important issue to establish the social security system in rural areas as soon as possible for elderly people.

The research of the community-home elderly long-term care service system

With the rapid development of the aging of the population, the demand of long-term care services in the elderly is growing. Because of family miniaturization, core, and currently limited social accumulation are difficult to meet the demand of the elderly in long-term care.Community provides the elderly long-term care services, and provides the elderly all kinds of household helping services. They just make up for the inadequacy of the family and society.And how to make the community elderly long-term care services become more suitable for the needs of the elderly at home, provide better service for the elderly, are our current problems to be solved.

Comparative Study on Population Ageing Between China and Other Asian Countries

Compared with developed countries, the main characteristics of population ageing in China have been regarded as a rapid ageing society. However, China and other Asian countries have been experiencing the demographic transition simultaneously, it is better to understand the characteristics of population ageing in China when compared with other Asian countries. Using the latest UN data, this paper compares the percentage of elderly population, the speed of ageing and the size of aged population among China and other Asian countries. The result indicates that China has a relatively high percentage of aged population, relatively rapid ageing population and will keep the largest size of aged population of the world in the next 60 years.

Building Long-Term Care Insurance System in China

The objective is to explore the foundation of the elderly long-term care insurance system in China, which is to face the problem resulted from aging of the population. Adopting the contrastive analysis to introduce briefly the long-term care insurance system in German, Japan and America for our learning. Therefore, China＇s long-term care insurance system could not totally indiscriminately imitate the mandatory long-term care insurance system in German and Japan, it also could not copy the business model of nursing insurance system in America. The conclusion is that long-term care insurance system in China should use the experience of developed countries based on the basic national conditions, doing some relative works, such as establishing policies and regulations, strengthening personnel training, and improving the market specification.

Planning and Layout Strategies of Urban Institution Pension Service Facilities under the Background of Aging Society: A Case Study of the Main Urban District of Xuzhou City

China has entered an aging society, and the contradiction between the social pension needs rapidly growing in the dty and the lagged pension business is increasingly outstanding. By analyzing the amount, development level, type, sttucture, and space distribution of the institutional pension facilityin main urban district of Xuzhou Qty, this paper has summed up the main problems. Combining the estimation on the number of the elders and pension bed, coordination and planning of institutionalpension facility in the research zone are conducted from three aspects： distribution guidance, ptindple of locating and differentiation configufation, to promote tiie construction of pension agenqr and impel the development of pension business in Xuzhou Qty.

Dilemmas and Countermeasures of Pension Service Marketization in China

The irreversible trend is that China is accelerating into the aging society. The old-age services provided by the government has been unable to meet the growing needs of the elderly, So there is a huge supply of pension services need to make up for space. As the market can play a role in optimizing the allocation of resources.

Analysis on the Current Situation of China＇s Ping-pong Referee Team above the National Level and Countermeasure Study

In this paper, the current situation of China＇ s Ping-pong referees team is studied using the methods such as document literatures and investigation, and the basic situation of the team is analyzed, and also the level of law enforcement and the existing main problems are summarized, so as to explore the new ideas for the construction of the Ping-pong referees team and also provide a basis for China to train excellent Ping-pong referees. Through investigation, it is found that the problems such as the aging structure, poor English, insufficient training, and less judgment chances of the Ping-pong referee team should be practically solved, and also the artistic judgment quality should be improved.

Status quo and future prospects of our home care model

This article discusses China＇ s current situation of the aging, and China＇ s aging characteristics, and proposes new pension measures for urban and rural old-age pension model combining with the development of China＇ s economic and social situation, besides, it analyzed the city＇ s common two kinds of pension patterns, proposed a new family patterns of rural old-age pension model, and finally brought a new model of community care.

Heart failure in the elderly

The aging of the population is, currently, a major phenomenon, drawing the attention of a number of investigators. The significant increase of life expectancies over the past few decades, in addition to social and economic consequences, has lead to a major change in the morbidity and mortality profile of elders. Heart failure （HF） is a condition in which the heart can not pump enough blood to meet the body＇s needs. HF is predominantly a disorder of the elderly with rates increasing exponentially. The prevalence of HF approximately doubles with each decade of life. As people live longer, the occurrence of HF rises, as well as other conditions that complicate its treatment. Impaired heart function implies a reduced duration of survival. Fortunately, many factors that can prevent HF and improve outcome are known and can be applied at any stage. This review emphasizes the importance of factors inherent in aging itself, focusing on heart disease, particularly as a disease of aging, can help critically refine management of this acute and chronic disease, as well as foster preventive strategies to reduce the incidence of this common malady.

China＇s House-for-Pension Pattern Exploration, Experience and Enlightenment

Nowadays, the aging problems is becoming more and more worse, House-for-Pension has become an important way to ease the population aging problem. This article writes some typical pilot cities of our country to analysis the reason why the development of House-for-Pension patter is so slow in China, and put forward some reasonable countermeasures and suggestions which based on China＇ s national conditions.

Long-term care policy simulation of disabled elderly

With the accelerating process of population aging in our country, the physical function of the elderly will decline, the possibility of suffering from acute and chronic diseases will increase, and the occurrence of disability will become more common and normal. The potential demand for elderly care is rapidly increasing. With the growth, the care of the disabled elderly has become increasingly acute. At the same time, due to the intensification of family miniaturization and population migration, the traditional family-based long-term care has been difficult to sustain. How to incorporate long-term care into our social security system as soon as possible has become the focus of the whole society. The thesis through the combination of public policy simulation methods and the research data, the long-term care insurance system implemented at the beginning of 2018 in Shanghai is a policy blueprint. It uses statistical software SPSS, MATLAB, etc. to achieve data collation, analysis and prediction, and at the same time integrates the pilot of the long-term care insurance system. The implementation of policies in cities such as Qingdao and Nantong has been simulated. Finally, on the basis of simulation results, suggestions have been made for the future development of China＇s long-term care insurance system.

Investigations of the endowment patterns inside home in Chinese urban community

China is the only one country in the world with more than one hundred million people who aged over 60. With the dramatically increasing of population aging speed, the traditional endowment pattern with the element of family model has a weakening trend and does not satisfy the demand of urban elderly diversified and multi-level pension. Thus, pensions that occupy at home are becoming the best choice of the urban pension mode in China. The paper will describe the meaning, situation and prospects of the home endowment and demonstrate the significance of developing the home endowment project in China. Additionally, the paper will discuss the future endowment model from the aspects of the government organization, scientific planning and functional shifts.