中药寒凉温热四性的Fisher判别分析

目的:通过对105种中药的42种元素含量的检测分析,探寻中药四性与其元素含量的关系。方法:用ICP和原子吸收方法检测105种中药中的42种元素含量;经检验中药中的元素含量呈偏态分布,将元素数据转换成百分位值;以全国大中专院校教材《中药学》为依据,查询所检测的105味药物药性,发现其中寒性药物25味、凉性21味、温性56味、热性3味;用SPSS软件建立寒凉温热的四类Fisher判别方程。结果:105味中药中42种元素含量值正态性检验显示,Kolmogorov-SmirnovTest(改良的K-S检验)结果均为P<0.001;Shapiro-WilkTest结果也均为P<0.001,呈偏态分布;对百分位转换后的元素含量结果进行寒凉温热四类Fisher判别分析,典型判别方程分析结果为:特征值(EigenValue)为1.357、0.821、0.669;典型相关系数为(canonicalcorr)0.759、0.671、0.633;Wilks’Lambda值为0.140、0.329、0.599;Chi-square为158.503、89.470、41.234;P<0.05。经过回判符合率为80.9%。结论:所建立的判别方程有意义;通过判别方程能对植物类中药寒凉温热四性作出判定。

鱼腥草、黄芪、参麦等中药注射剂使用情况分析

目的：掌握中药注射剂的使用情况;方法：统计2003～2005年每日中药注射剂用量,计算DDDs值判断药物消耗剂量及变化趋势;结果：3年来中药注射剂用量逐年增加;结论：我院中药注射剂使用合理.为临床用药提供有效的信息和依据.

Triterpenes and Other Constituents from Rhaponticum uniflorum

From the roots of Rhaponticum uniflorum a new triterpene was isolated together with ursolic acid(2), 3-oxo-19a-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), pomolic acid (4), 2a,3a,19a-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (5), arctic acid (6), catechin (7) and b-sitosterol (8). The structure of the new compound was elucidated as 2a,3a,19a,25-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-23,28-dioic acid (1) on the basis of spectral and chemical methods.

A New Cyclic Bisdesmoside from Tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum

The structure of tubeimoside V (1), a new cyclic bisdesmoside, isolated from tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum (Tu Bei Mu), was established by means of 2D NMR spectral and chemical methods. Compound 1 has inter-saccharide chain bridging by a dicrotalic acid to form a unique macrocyclic structure.

RAPD analysis of natural populations of Acanthopanax brachypus

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis is a new technology of molecular marking which has proved very powerful in detecting genetic diversity at the level of population. The genomic DNAs used in our experiment were extracted from fresh leaves taken from 59 individuals sampled from three natural populations in Yan An, Shanxi Province. Through more than 2,000 PCRs, deep-going RAPD analysis was carried out on DNA samples from 49 inviduals. The percentage of polymorphic RAPD loci found in these three populations were respectively 27.2 %, 18.6 % and 5.4 %; the average genetic distances within population, 0.055, 0.036 and 0.008; the average genetic distances between populations (Ⅰ-Ⅱ), (Ⅰ-Ⅲ) and (Ⅱ-Ⅲ), 0.105, 0.096 and 0.060. The genetic diversity of A. brachypus within and between populations was found, for the first time, to be rather poor,thus revealing innate factors as the cause contributing to its endangered status. In addition, our work also provides basic materials for elucidating the underlying cause of its endangerment and for its protection biology.

Extraction and Crystal Structure of Karounidiol

The title compound of karounidiol (C30H48O2), a main active triterpene component of snakegourd seed, was isolated from unsaponifiable matter of the seed oil of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim., and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in orthorhombic system, space group P212121 with C30H48O2CH3OHH2O (C31H54O4), a = 7.515(1), b = 14.407(1), c = 27.799(2) , V = 3009.8(5) 3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.087 g/cm3, Mr = 490.77, F(000) = 1088 and = 0.086 mm-1. The final R = 0.0840 and wR = 0.2289 for 2752 observed reflections (|F|2 ≥ 2|F|2). The molecular crystal structure of karounidiol shows relative stereochemistry of (3,13,14, 20)-3,29-dihydroxy-13-methyl-26-norolean-7,9(11)-diene. The molecule is composed of five six- membered rings with ring junctures of A/B trans, C/D trans and D/E cis.

Screening the active constituents of Chinese medicinal herbs as potent inhibitors of Cdc25 tyrosine phosphatase, an activator of the mitosis-inducing p34^(cdc2) kinase

Objective: To screen and evaluate the active constituents of Chinese medicinal herbs as potent inhibitors of Cdc25phosphatase. Methods: The affinity chromatography purified glutashione-S-transferase/Cdc25A phosphatase fusion protein and Cdc2/cyclin B from the extracts of starfish M phase oocytes are used as the cell cycle-specific targets for screening the antimitotic constituents. We tested 9 extracts isolated from the Chinese medicinal herbs and vegetables including the agents currently used in cancer treatment by measuring the inhibition of Cdc25A phosphatase and Cdc2 kinase activity. The antitumor activity of the extracts was also evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and flow cytometry.Results: Cdc25A inhibitory activity and antitumor activity are detected in the extracts isolated from three Chinese medicinal herbs Agrimonapilosa; Herba solani lyrati; Galla chinesis. Conclusion: We found three extracts isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs have potential inhibitory activity of Cdc25 phosphatase using a highly specific mechanism-based screen assay for antimitotic drug discovery.

A Comparative Analysis of the Administration of Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs in Second Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College during 2012-2014

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the application and administration of oral hypoglycemic drugs in Second Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College,aiming at providing guidance and reference for clinical medication for treatment of diabetes.[Method] The main types,dosages and prices of oral hypoglycemic drugs in Second Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College during 2012-2014 were compared and analyzed using the computer network system.[Result] During 2012-2014,sales quantity and sales amount of oral hypoglycemic drugs in Second Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College demonstrated an upward trend.[Conclusion] Integrative medicine can significantly improve symptoms of diabetes complications.Certain achievements have been made in diabetes treatment by Second Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College.

Study on alantolactone-induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells intovascular cells

To promote efficient screening of active angiogenic drugs from traditional medicines, we constructed a humanembryonic kidney-293 cell model using vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） gene promoter as the drug target. Inthis model, VEGF gene promoter may regulate the expression of the luciferase reporter gene by responding to thestimulation of drug molecules. This cell model allows rapid and efficient screening of vascular-inducing activecomponents from several drug monomer molecules. Furthermore, we used rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（rMSCs） to conduct a preliminary study on the activity of alantolactone. Using simvastatin as a positive control, weinvestigated the effects of alantolactone on the expression of vascular-related cell marker molecules such as VEGF andα-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） in rMSCs. According to our results, 0.1, 1, 3 and 5 μM of alantolactone upregulated thetranscriptional luciferase gene activity of VEGF promoter, and a significant difference from that in the control group wasobserved. Among them, 3μM of alantolactone showed the better effect than that of 3 μM of simvastatin （P = 0.036） andother concentrations of alantolactone and simvastatin showed similar effects. Compared with that in the control group,rMSCs induced with 1μM alantolactone for 3 days showed a significant increase in the relative mRNA expressions ofVEGF and α-SMA genes. However, these effect of 5 μM alantolactone were weaker than those of 5 μM simvastatin （P 〈0.05）; rMSCs treated with 1 μM alantolactone for 3 days showed brighter green fluorescence （FITC marker） of α-SMAand VEGF in situ expression than that observed in the control group and similar fluorescence intensity than that ofsimvastatin group in an immunoradiometric assay. The above results demonstrate the reliability of the highly efficientsystem for screening of active drug molecules and confirmed the vascular induction function of alantolactone at the geneand protein levels.

Pharmacological intervention of traditional Chinese medicine for the quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer： a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective： The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of various traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）approaches on the quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods： In this study, we systematically performedthe screening of randomized controlled trials from Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science.The data were extracted by two reviewers independently, and then risk assessment was performed. All the analyses wereconducted using Review Manager 5.3. Results： A total of 18 eligible studies containing 1312 patients were included.Experimental group were treated with TCM combined with Western medicine or TCM alone （N = 688） and controlgroup were treated with Western medicine treatment alone （N = 624）. The results showed that the recent clinicalefficiency between the two groups was not statistically significant （P = 0.06）. KPS scores of the experimental group werehigher than those in the control group [P 〈 0.001, WMD = 9.60, 95%CI = （5.62, 13.57）]. The toxicity comparisonshowed that the occurrence of toxicities, such as leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, andneurotoxicity in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group [P 〈 0.001, OR = 0.31, 95%CI = （0.19,0.50）], [P = 0.003, OR = 0.49, 95%CI = （0.31, 0.78）], [P 〈 0.001, OR = 0.30, 95%CI = （0.16, 0.54）], [P 〈 0.001, OR =0.40, 95%CI = （0.27, 0.58）], and [P 〈 0.001, OR = 0.43, 95%CI = （0.30, 0.61）]. The immunological test comparisondemonstrated that the immunological parameters （CD3, CD4, and CD4/CD8） showed higher values in the experimentalgroup than those in the control group [P 〈 0.001, MD = 5.55, 95%CI = （4.83, 6.28）], [P 〈 0.0001, MD = 6.75, 95%CI =（5.25, 8.26）], and [P = 0.001, MD = 0.26, 95%CI = （0.10, 0.41）]. Conclusions： TCM did not show significant recentclinical efficiency. However, treatment with TCM showed increase in KPS scores in patients with colorectal cancer,alleviation of toxicity associated with chemotherapy, regulation of autoimmunity, and improvement in the quality of lifeof patients.

A systematic review of treating Helicobacter pylori infection with Traditional Chinese Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. METHODS: We electronically and manually searched electronic databases, references lists and conferences compilations, and included all randomized clinical trials comparing the treatment of H pylori using TCM with proton pump inhibitor or colloidal bismuth subcitratebased triple therapy as controls. The Jadad score was used to assess trial quality, H pylori eradication rate and the incidence of side effects were taken as outcome measurements, and heterogeneity analysis, meta-analysis and funnel plot analysis were conducted. RESULTS: Sixteen trials were included. The Jadad scores of all the trials were not more than 2. Clinical heterogeneity and substantial statistical heterogeneity existed among the trials (P = 0.001, I 2 = 59%) and meta-analysis was not conducted. The average eradication rates following TCM and triple therapy were 72% and 78% and the incidence of side effects were 2% and 29%, respectively. The funnel plot was obviously asymmetric. CONCLUSION: Available evidence is not convincing enough to show that TCM has the same efficacy as triple therapy in H pylori treatment. TCM may be safer than triple therapy. TCM should not be recommended as monotherapy in H pylori infection.

Analysis on the principles of differentiation and prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cancerous fever

To investigate the principles of differentiation and prescription of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment for cancerous fever by logistic stepwise regression and literature investigation,the following databases were searched(from inception to June 30th 2016):CNKI,CSPD,CBM,PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,literatures about TCM in the treatment of cancerous fever were screened.The frequency about cancerous fever of differential syndrome types,formulas and herbs were analyzed by logistic multiple regression analysis.The model about syndrome types and formula application of cancerous fever was established.The result showed formula prescriptions used most frequently were Qing-Hao-Bie-Jia decoction,Xiao-Chai-Hu decoction,Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu decoction,Bai-Hu decoction,San-Ren decoction.The main syndrome types of cancerous fever were as follows:Toxic heat flourishing type,Yin deficiency type,Stagnation of damp-heat type,Qi-Yin deficiency type,Liver meridian depressed-heat type,Blood stasis type and Yang deficiency type.Based on regression equation of the syndrome types,the corresponding herbs of this seven syndrome types were Radix Bupleuri,Radix Paeoniae Alba and Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi;Radix Bupleuri and Cortex Moutan;Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Radix Angelicae Sinensis;Rhizoma Pinelliae,Cortex Lycii Radicis and Radix Paeoniae Alba;Herba Artemisiae Annuae,Gypsum Fibrosum and Poria Cocos;Rhizoma Anemarrhenae,Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi and Radix Codonopsis;Radix Bupleuri respectively.The results of Logistic regression analysis and frequency of herbs statistics can provide reference for differentiation and treatment of cancerous fever in clinical.

Chemical shift assignments of two oleanane triterpenes from Euonymus hederaceus

1H-NMR and 13C-NMR assignments of 12-oleanene-3,11-dione (compound 1) were completely described for the first time through conventional 1D NMR and 2D shift-correlated NMR experiments using 1H-1HCOSY, HMQC, HMBC techniques. Based on its NMR data, the assignments of 28-hydroxyolean-12-ene-3,11-dione (compound 2) were partially revised.

Chemical composition of the essential oil from Rabdosia lophanthoides

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC MS) of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Rabdosia lophanthoides resulted in the identification of 108 compounds representing 78.120% of the oil. Hydro distillation of Rabdosia lophanthoides yielded a pale yellow oil. The compounds identified and their relative proportions are listed in Table 1 according to their order of elution on an HP 5MS capillary column. .

Therapeutic effect of different treatment methods on functional anorectal pain

Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of oral traditional Chinese medicine （Jiaweitiaoqi decoction）, electroacupuncture, biofeedback, and combined treatment on functional anorectal pain （FAP）. Methods： A total of 200 patients with FAP were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 50 patients in each group. Group 1 was given oral Jiaweitiaoqi decoction; group 2 was given electroacupuncture at the lumbosacral acupoints; group 3 was given biofeedback training; and group 4 was given combined treatment. The numeric rating scale （NRS）, Short Form-36 （SF-36） quality of life scale, static pressure of the anal canal, and maximum systolic pressure were observed in the 4 groups. Results： The observation indices of the 4 groups were all improved after treatment compared with those before treatment, and the fourth group showed the most obvious improvement. Regarding NRS scores, the static pressure of the anal canal, and maximum systolic pressure, group 4 had lower values than the other 3 groups （P 〈 0.05 for all）. In the SF-36 quality of life score, group 4 showed a higher value than the other 3 groups （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Non-drug therapy including acupuncture and physical exercise can enhance the clinical efficacy of single Chinese medicine in the treatment of FAP .

Chinese Herbal Medicine in Treatment of Polyhydramnios:a Meta-analysis and Systematic Review

Objective To compare the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine （therapy A） or Chinese herbal medicine plus indomethacin （therapy B） with that of indomethacin alone （therapy C） in treating polyhydramnios. Methods Literatures published up to April 2012 were retrieved from PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, Chinese Scientific and Technological Periodical Database （VIP）, Wangfang, and Traditional Chinese Medicine online. Two researchers collected data independently. The assessment of methodological quality was based on Cochrane handbook and the materials were analyzed with software RevMan 5.1.2. The outcome measure index was relative risk or difference of mean value （95% confidence interval）. The following outcomes were evaluated： （1） general clinical improvement rate; （2） maximum vertical pocket depth; （3） amniotic fluid index （AH） value; （4） rate of fetal ductus arteriosus constriction; （5） incidence of adverse events. Results Based on the search strategy, 5 trails involving 1017 patients were finally included. Compared with therapy C, therapy A decreased the rate of fetal ductus arteriosus constriction （P〈0.01）. Therapy B was more effective than therapy C in general clinical improvement and decrease of AH for polyhydramnios （P〈 0.01 ）. No serious adverse events were reported in therapy A and therapy B. Conclusions Compared with therapy C, therapy A and therapy B may appear to be more effective for polyhydramnios. However, the exact effect needs to be confirmed with well-designed large-scale clinical trials.

In-line spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis methods for endpoint determination in column chromatographic adsorption processes for herbal medicine

Objective: In a chromatographic cycle, the adsorption process is a critical unit operation that has a significant impact on downstream processes and, ultimately, the quality of the final products. The development of a rapid method to determine the endpoints of adsorption processes in a large-scale manufacturing is of substantial importance for herbal medicine(HM) manufacturers.Methods: In this study, the adsorption of saponins on a macroporous resin column chromatograph, a critical unit operation in Panax notoginseng(Burkill) F.H.Chen injection manufacturing, was considered as an example. The evaluation results of in-line ultraviolet and visible spectra combined with various multivariate analysis methods, including the moving block standard deviation(MBSD), difference between the moving block average and the target spectrum(DMBA-TS), soft-independent modeling of class analogy(SIMCA), and partial least-squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA), were compared.Results: MBSD was unsuitable for adsorption processes. The relative standard errors of prediction between the predicted and experimental endpoints were 13.2%, 4.67%, and 5.71% using DMBA-TS, SIMCA, and PLS-DA, respectively.Conclusions: Among the considered analysis methods, SIMCA and PLS-DA were more effective for endpoint determination. The results of this study provide a more comprehensive overview of the effectiveness of various multivariate analysis methods to facilitate the selection of the most suitable method. This study was also conducive to address the issues of the in-line detection of adsorption endpoints to guide practical HM manufacturing.

Traditional Chinese medicine combined with chemotherapy in the treatment ofliver cancer： a meta-analysis

Objective： To analyze the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） combined with chemotherapy inthe treatment of primary liver cancer on the basis of meta-analysis software. Method： Retrieval randomizedcontrolled trials （RCT） of TCM combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of the liver cancer from the networkdatabase （such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, PUBMED, Chinese CNKI database, Wanfang database, VIP databaseetc.）. The retrieval period was from January 2011 to July 2017. Results： A total of 16 RCT studies were includedand involving 1873 patients, with 949 patients in the treatment （TCM with chemotherapy） group and 924 patientsin the control group （chemotherapy alone）. Meta-analysis results suggest that TCM combined with chemotherapyin the treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma can improve curative effect, improve the degree of ascites ofpatients, improve the quality of life of patients and alleviate chemotherapy side effects. Conclusion： TCMcombined with chemotherapy in the treatment of primary liver cancer is helpful to improve the short term curativeeffect, improve the quality of life of patients, and alleviate the toxic and side effects.

Structure analysis and performance measurement of Chinese health de-livery system

Objective:Although evidence has already demonstrated that the performance of Health Deliv- ery System(HDS) varies widely across nations,relatively little is known about the factors that give rise to these variations and the key point to improve the performance besides adjusting system structure.By setup of HDS performance measurement system on the base of association of financial,social,and environmental characteristics,we construct system dynamic model of HDS to simulate the invention policies.Methods: Performance measures were collected from HDS in 31 regions of China and combined with secondary data sources.Multivariate,linear,nonlinear regression and factor analysis models were used to estimate associ- ations between system characteristics and the performance.Results:Performance varied significantly with the size,financial resources and organizational structure of HDS.Performance measurement system of health delivery system was developed to give the rank of all Chinese regions.Conclusion:Performance measurement system of HDS is the basic of HDS modeling by system dynamic.

Visual analysis of research hotspots and trends in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia with traditional Chinese medicine

Objective Through bibliometrics and visual analysis of the related studies on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment of immune thrombocytopenia(ITP),this study aims to sort out the overall research progress,hotspots,and trends in this field,and provide reference for further research in ITP.Methods The articles on ITP treated by TCM were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),Web of Science Core Collection(WOSCC),and PubMed.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to July 31,2022.VOSviewer,CiteSpace,Carrot2,and Note-Express were used for data analysis of the articles in terms of their quantities,types,and journals,and for visualization of research hotspots,authors,institutions,and keywords.Results 1493 Chinese articles and 40 English articles were included.The articles in Chinese mainly focus on clinical trial research and clinical experience summary,while the English articles mainly focus on clinical trial research and animal research.The Chinese articles were published in 317 Chinese journals,while English articles were published in 29 English journals.Research hotspots include the clinical syndrome differentiation of ITP,the therapeutic effect of TCM compounds on ITP,and the mechanism of ITP treatment.Keyword analysis shows that there are many research achievements in integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment,clinical research,famous doctors’experience,TCM treatment,cellular immunity,and humoral immunity.The authors with the most articles in Chinese and English are Professor CHEN Xinyi and Professor MA Rou,respectively,and the research institutions with the most articles are Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.Chinese herbs often used to treat ITP clinically include Xianhecao(Agrimoniae Herba),Nvzhenzi(Ligustri Lucidi Fructus),Mohanlian(Ecliptae Herba),Zhongjiefeng(Sarcandrae Herba),etc.,and the prescription usually used to treat ITP include Guipi Decoction(归脾汤),Xijiao Dihuang Decoction(犀角地黄汤),Bazhen Decoction(八珍汤),Erzhi Pill(二至丸),and Xiaochaihu De-coction(小柴胡汤).The main development trends toward retrospective study,TCM treatment mechanism,and data mining.