生态环境对中药材资源的影响

环境污染物直接影响中药材成分的稳定性,导致中药污染的途径主要有水系、土壤、大气污染等,而中药绝大多数来源于植物、动物,它们的生长发育、形成积累与周围的自然环境有着密不可分的关系,因而,提高中药质量、保证用药安全迫在眉睫。

火龙果汁凉茶的制备及抗氧化分析

为开发保健型火龙果汁凉茶饮料,利用中药促进乳酸菌发酵火龙果汁与仙草汁,使之兼具营养、益生、保健等复合功能,并探讨火龙果甜菜苷色素与总酚含量对DPPH等抗氧化指标的量效关系。通过单因素与正交试验确定混合乳酸菌发酵火龙果汁凉茶的最佳工艺,并测定其抗氧化功能各项指标。结果表明:糖添加量14%、中药浓缩液添加量3%、菌种添加量10%、柠檬汁添加量7%为最优组合,感官评分为93.5±1.1,其中中药浓缩液添加量对产品的感官品质影响最大,最佳糖酸比为2∶1、pH(4.2±0.2)有助于产品保存;最佳组合的试验组比各对照组具有显著较高的DPPH自由基清除能力(88.40%±1.80%)、还原力(0.86±0.05)、亚铁离子螯合作用(73.70%±2.30%)及亚油酸过氧化的抑制作用(54.50%±3.40%),并具有较高的总酚含量(29.6±0.5)mg/g;火龙果甜菜苷色素和总酚含量与DPPH等抗氧化指标具有正向的量效关系,且中药活性成分增强乳酸菌发酵的酶生化反应,可提高火龙果汁凉茶饮料的质量与抗氧化功能。

Good Medicine Tastes Bitter

Feeling peaky？Let＇s learn some words on medicine in Chinese.Compared to西医（xi yi）,Western medicine,中医（zhong yi）,traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）,and Chinese herbs seem a little bit mysterious.The character for＂medicine＂in Chinese has a radical which means herb,probably because药草（yao cao）,Chinese medicinal herbs,are the fundamental elements of中药学（zhong yao xue）.

Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of borneol in mouse plasma and brain by different administrations

Borneol,a monoterpenoid alcohol,is used widely,particularly in combined formulas for preventing and curing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in traditional Chinese medicine.In order to understand the blood and brain pharmacokinetics after intravenous,intranasal,or oral administration and to investigate the superiority and feasibility of intranasal administration,a simple gas chromatographic (GC) method with flame ionization detection (FID) was developed for the quantification of borneol.Blood samples and brain were collected from mice at 1,3,5,10,20,30,60,90,and 120 min after intravenous,intranasal,or oral administration of borneol at a dosage of 30.0 mg/kg.Sample preparations were carried out by liquid-liquid extraction with an internal standard solution of octadecane.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the software of Kinetica.The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.11-84.24 μg/ml and 0.16-63.18 μg/g for borneol in plasma and brain,respectively.The methodological and extraction recoveries were both in the range of 85%-115%.The intra-day and inter-day variabilities for plasma and brain samples were ≤5.00% relative standard deviation (RSD).The absolute bioavailabilities F of intranasal and oral administrations were 90.68% and 42.99%.The relative brain targeted coefficients Re of intranasal and oral administrations were 68.37% and 38.40%.The GC-FID method developed could be applied to determination and pharmacokinetic study.The borneol from injection was distributed and metabolized fast without absorption process.The borneol from oral administration was distributed more slowly and had the lowest absolute bioavailability.Nasal administration of borneol was quickly absorbed into the blood and brain,was easy to use and had a greater safety than infection,which makes it worthy of further development as an administration route for encephalopathy treatment.

Integrating ancient and modern approaches to traditional Chinese medicinal authentication

Authentication is a key component of quality control,and the quality of Chinese medicinal materials directly impacts clinical efficacy.Chinese medicinal quality control is an important concern of the wider community,and it is intricately connected to the future and development of Chinese medicine.Macroscopic identification has been used for thousands of years in Chinese medicine,and it continues to be effective for resolving important issues related to quality control in the modern-day.However,new challenges have emerged for macroscopic identification.For example,new botanical varieties have emerged,with differences in macroscopic features related to cultivated vs.wild materials.Changes in processing methods and cultivation techniques also affect these features.Consequently,continual progress and innovation in Chinese medicinal authentication methods are needed.Macroscopic identification is based on organoleptic assessment,microscopy,and research of ancient texts,such as the Bencao.In addition to collecting information from traditional experience-based differentiation,innovation can take advantage of new technologies that can provide even more detailed,precise information about morphology.In the present review,we summarized inheritance and innovation in the scientific exposition of Chinese medicinal authentication,featuring a review of specialized publications,description of the establishment of a Chinese medicine specimen center and Chinese Medicine digital project,the expansion of authentication technologies,and the formation of a cultural project dedicated to the Compendium of Materia Medica.