Native language transfer is a common phenomenon in foreign language learning and is all the time influencing the learners＇ language. As to us English teachers in China, how to use or avoid the Chinese transfer in stu...Native language transfer is a common phenomenon in foreign language learning and is all the time influencing the learners＇ language. As to us English teachers in China, how to use or avoid the Chinese transfer in students＇ English learning is an issue we need to further explore. The paper, based on the theory of SLA （second language acquisition） and language transfer, discusses this phenomenon, analyzes the factors that cause the transfer, and puts forward some suggestions to deal with the influence of transfer in teaching English as a foreign language Contrastive analysis, with examples, is employed to find the similarities and difficulties in students＇ learning Some of the difficulties can be predicted and positive transfer indeed plays a positive role in language acquisition.展开更多
The purpose of this research is to investigate the socio-economic development mechanism of China’s urban system in terms of spatial structure and its change. Totally 246 cities from 340 designated cities in 1985, and...The purpose of this research is to investigate the socio-economic development mechanism of China’s urban system in terms of spatial structure and its change. Totally 246 cities from 340 designated cities in 1985, and 488 from 640 designated cities in 1995 are selected as sample cities. And 22 attributes concerning urban features are analyzed to clarify the socio-economic characteristics and their changes in the urban system. Finally, the primary development factors are verified with the relationship of spatial structure and socio-economic characteristics. In conclusion, the socio-economic changes occurred more extremely than spatial structure changes. Furthermore, foreign investment be- came a major power for the development of China’s urban system in the period of 1985–1995.展开更多
The general relativistic frame dragging effect on the properties,such as the moments of inertia and the radiiof gyration of fast rotating neutron stars with a uniform strong magnetic field,is calculated accurate to th...The general relativistic frame dragging effect on the properties,such as the moments of inertia and the radiiof gyration of fast rotating neutron stars with a uniform strong magnetic field,is calculated accurate to the first orderin the uniform angular velocity.The results show that compared with the corresponding non-rotating static sphericalsymmetric neutron star with a weaker magnetic field,a fast rotating neutron star(millisecond pulsar)with a strongermagnetic field has a relative smaller moment of inertia and radius of gyration.展开更多
The aim of this work was to verify the potential of infrared （IR） spectroscopy in near and mid regions to detect the beginning of the malolactic fermentation （MLF） occurring in a model-wine and the further cells a...The aim of this work was to verify the potential of infrared （IR） spectroscopy in near and mid regions to detect the beginning of the malolactic fermentation （MLF） occurring in a model-wine and the further cells autolysis. MLF in wine is a secondary biotransformation due to lactic acid bacteria that usually occurs spontaneou,;ly or after starter inoculation at the end of alcoholic fermentation. Nowadays, it is desirable to supply winemakers with a new rapid and non-destructive approach to monitor MLF progress and 1R spectroscopy technology appears to be suitable for this purpose. The transformation of L-malic acid into L-lactic acid was carried out by inoculating a synthetic wine with an Oenococcus oeni culture and it was monitored through microbiological and chemical methods. At the same time, Fourier transform near infrared （FT-NIR） spectral data, in diffusive transflection mode using an optic probe, and FT-IR spectra, using an germanium crystal attenuated total reflectance （ATR） cell, were collected. Principal component analysis of the spectra was able to identify absorption bands related to the key molecular modifications that took place during the L-malic acid transformation. Thus, the samples were discriminated according to the fermentation phase. Although this study is a preliminary approach, results confirm that near infrared （NIR） and mid infrared （MIR） spectroscopy could be successfully applied to detect the start of MLF and the autolysis of the lactic acid bacteria （LAB） cells.展开更多
文摘Native language transfer is a common phenomenon in foreign language learning and is all the time influencing the learners＇ language. As to us English teachers in China, how to use or avoid the Chinese transfer in students＇ English learning is an issue we need to further explore. The paper, based on the theory of SLA （second language acquisition） and language transfer, discusses this phenomenon, analyzes the factors that cause the transfer, and puts forward some suggestions to deal with the influence of transfer in teaching English as a foreign language Contrastive analysis, with examples, is employed to find the similarities and difficulties in students＇ learning Some of the difficulties can be predicted and positive transfer indeed plays a positive role in language acquisition.
文摘The purpose of this research is to investigate the socio-economic development mechanism of China’s urban system in terms of spatial structure and its change. Totally 246 cities from 340 designated cities in 1985, and 488 from 640 designated cities in 1995 are selected as sample cities. And 22 attributes concerning urban features are analyzed to clarify the socio-economic characteristics and their changes in the urban system. Finally, the primary development factors are verified with the relationship of spatial structure and socio-economic characteristics. In conclusion, the socio-economic changes occurred more extremely than spatial structure changes. Furthermore, foreign investment be- came a major power for the development of China’s urban system in the period of 1985–1995.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10647116 and 10575140the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No.2005037175
文摘The general relativistic frame dragging effect on the properties,such as the moments of inertia and the radiiof gyration of fast rotating neutron stars with a uniform strong magnetic field,is calculated accurate to the first orderin the uniform angular velocity.The results show that compared with the corresponding non-rotating static sphericalsymmetric neutron star with a weaker magnetic field,a fast rotating neutron star(millisecond pulsar)with a strongermagnetic field has a relative smaller moment of inertia and radius of gyration.
文摘The aim of this work was to verify the potential of infrared （IR） spectroscopy in near and mid regions to detect the beginning of the malolactic fermentation （MLF） occurring in a model-wine and the further cells autolysis. MLF in wine is a secondary biotransformation due to lactic acid bacteria that usually occurs spontaneou,;ly or after starter inoculation at the end of alcoholic fermentation. Nowadays, it is desirable to supply winemakers with a new rapid and non-destructive approach to monitor MLF progress and 1R spectroscopy technology appears to be suitable for this purpose. The transformation of L-malic acid into L-lactic acid was carried out by inoculating a synthetic wine with an Oenococcus oeni culture and it was monitored through microbiological and chemical methods. At the same time, Fourier transform near infrared （FT-NIR） spectral data, in diffusive transflection mode using an optic probe, and FT-IR spectra, using an germanium crystal attenuated total reflectance （ATR） cell, were collected. Principal component analysis of the spectra was able to identify absorption bands related to the key molecular modifications that took place during the L-malic acid transformation. Thus, the samples were discriminated according to the fermentation phase. Although this study is a preliminary approach, results confirm that near infrared （NIR） and mid infrared （MIR） spectroscopy could be successfully applied to detect the start of MLF and the autolysis of the lactic acid bacteria （LAB） cells.
