There are natural ethical debates in ecological ethics, namely whether nature has intrinsic value, whether the nature has its rights. Theoretical basis of argument is the opposite of anthropocentrism and non- anthropo...There are natural ethical debates in ecological ethics, namely whether nature has intrinsic value, whether the nature has its rights. Theoretical basis of argument is the opposite of anthropocentrism and non- anthropocentrism. Ecological ethics controversy concerns the core issue of the relationship between human and nature of the ecological ethics about nature, to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between mankind and nature, ecological ethics and ecological ethics is the starting point and destination debates.展开更多
This paper proposes a comparison between the Chinese social-economic system of today and the economic planning system theorized by Enrico Barone in 1908, which described in his famous paper ＂The minister of productio...This paper proposes a comparison between the Chinese social-economic system of today and the economic planning system theorized by Enrico Barone in 1908, which described in his famous paper ＂The minister of production in the collectivist state＂. The work stems from a critical reflection on the premises of the capitalist market system. From Adam Smith to J. M. Keynes （included）, economists have identified in traditional capitalist models （search for maximum profit, economic efficiency, free competition system） the best economic system, universally implementable, feasible and infallible in democratic capitalist contexts. In the history of economic ideas have always been clear gap between the ＂capitalist system＂ and the ＂collectivist system＂. The choice of a government had to fall back on one or on the other system. The first considered ＂good＂, the second considered ＂bad＂ for economic growth. Times since September 11, 2001, however, seem to have debunked the myth of capitalism as the only model of democratic growth： Asia and China have given the world a lesson in humility. China has shown that although not being a democratic country could developed a robust and highly competitive economic model that has weakened the pillars of the western capitalism. China through Confucianism and Taoism has been able to establish the new global economic laws： low labour costs, low prices, mass production of low quality with a mixed mercantilist philosophy which is unknown to the Western world： the silent, smooth, radical trade expansion. As in a game of dominoes, China has been able to drop the capitalism safeties and America had to bow its head and agree to no longer be the only great power in the international scenario. But the peculiarity of this work is not only to define the root causes of China＇s success in the West; also reflects the fact that an Italian economist （Enrico Barone）, in 1908, predicted analytically and developed a theoretical system very similar to that of China nowadays, between capitalism and collectivism （a third way of the market）. The Asian culture has developed a market system that has proven to be accommodating to the needs of the capitalist market and to grasp the development opportunities that the same Western capitalism has offered.展开更多
In this paper, the outage performance of opportunistic relay （OR） and equal gain transmissionbeamfomaing （EGT-BF） are studied in decode-and-ibrward （DF） relay networks over Nakagami-m fading channels, assuming m...In this paper, the outage performance of opportunistic relay （OR） and equal gain transmissionbeamfomaing （EGT-BF） are studied in decode-and-ibrward （DF） relay networks over Nakagami-m fading channels, assuming multiple relays are available in the networks. We derive the moment generation function （MGF） of the received signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） at the destination, then obtain the exact closedform solution of OR and the approximate closed form expression of EGT-BF in terms of outage probability respectively through numerical inversion of Laplace transform. Simulation results are given to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis. We also compare the outage performance of OR and EGT-BF with oth- er transmission strategies and find that when decoding results of relays are available at the destination, OR achieves high performance and is the optimal scheme to achieve the tradeoff between performance and overheads. When relay decoding information is unachievable, the performance of OR degrades significant- ly, and the EGT-BF is a more preferred scheme.展开更多
Through the stories of Shun and Shangjia Wei, the Baoxun bamboo manuscript expresses the Confucian political idea of zhongdao （中道 the middle way）. Early Confucians had a strong sense of propagating the dao （道 th...Through the stories of Shun and Shangjia Wei, the Baoxun bamboo manuscript expresses the Confucian political idea of zhongdao （中道 the middle way）. Early Confucians had a strong sense of propagating the dao （道 the Way）, but they kept an open mind as to how it was to be understood, which was very different from the later doctrine of daotong （道统 the tradition of the Way）. Although ancient China possessed a long and continuous intellectual tradition ofzhong （中 center, middle, etc.）, a tradition that gave rise to a series of concepts such as zhongzheng （中正 being fair and upright）, zhongyong （中庸the principle of the Mean） and zhonghe （中和 being central and harmonious）, zhong actually originated from ancient religious rituals and was an important category of the ancient study of li （礼 rites or ritual）. After Confucius, it was Xun Zi who was the true heir to the tradition of zhong in all its fullness. The Confucian daotong is the combination of the tradition of ren （仁 benevolence） and that of li, and the Confucian dao or Way refers to the Way of becoming a sage within and a king without.展开更多
The Chinese road of development must necessarily be peaceful. While such pacifism is closely related to Chinese cultural traditions, its direction is essentially settled by China＇s historical practice from mid-ninete...The Chinese road of development must necessarily be peaceful. While such pacifism is closely related to Chinese cultural traditions, its direction is essentially settled by China＇s historical practice from mid-nineteenth century on. It was not possible for this road to derive all its specifications from the basic construction of modern capitalism, so at the same time as it critically clarifies the main sources of modern conflicts and wars, it makes revival and rebuilding of traditional Chinese pacifism a realistic possibility. China＇s peaceful developmental road will have considerable significance for the world： it offers mankind inspiration for planning a future world through a development model that does not begin from expansionism or end in hegemonism.展开更多
A sourceidentifying and comparative study of the development of the outlook on citizenship education in China and the Western countries indicates that there emerges a tendency of similar orientations in terms of relat...A sourceidentifying and comparative study of the development of the outlook on citizenship education in China and the Western countries indicates that there emerges a tendency of similar orientations in terms of relations between citizens and the state and society,between citizens’rights and obligations and between citizenship education and moral education.At the same time,there also exists the possibility of mutual integration of the viewpoints and the ideas of Chinese traditional moral education in such aspects as subject basis,educational mechanism and values orientation.展开更多
A controversial poem on Chinese cuisine sparks criticism In singsong rhymes,an American poet tackles the seemingly endless varieties of Chinese regional cuisine and the difficulties involved in keeping up with the lat...A controversial poem on Chinese cuisine sparks criticism In singsong rhymes,an American poet tackles the seemingly endless varieties of Chinese regional cuisine and the difficulties involved in keeping up with the latest trends.Yet his unappetizing piece sparked controversy over perceived elements of racism and prejudice.展开更多
文摘There are natural ethical debates in ecological ethics, namely whether nature has intrinsic value, whether the nature has its rights. Theoretical basis of argument is the opposite of anthropocentrism and non- anthropocentrism. Ecological ethics controversy concerns the core issue of the relationship between human and nature of the ecological ethics about nature, to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between mankind and nature, ecological ethics and ecological ethics is the starting point and destination debates.
文摘This paper proposes a comparison between the Chinese social-economic system of today and the economic planning system theorized by Enrico Barone in 1908, which described in his famous paper ＂The minister of production in the collectivist state＂. The work stems from a critical reflection on the premises of the capitalist market system. From Adam Smith to J. M. Keynes （included）, economists have identified in traditional capitalist models （search for maximum profit, economic efficiency, free competition system） the best economic system, universally implementable, feasible and infallible in democratic capitalist contexts. In the history of economic ideas have always been clear gap between the ＂capitalist system＂ and the ＂collectivist system＂. The choice of a government had to fall back on one or on the other system. The first considered ＂good＂, the second considered ＂bad＂ for economic growth. Times since September 11, 2001, however, seem to have debunked the myth of capitalism as the only model of democratic growth： Asia and China have given the world a lesson in humility. China has shown that although not being a democratic country could developed a robust and highly competitive economic model that has weakened the pillars of the western capitalism. China through Confucianism and Taoism has been able to establish the new global economic laws： low labour costs, low prices, mass production of low quality with a mixed mercantilist philosophy which is unknown to the Western world： the silent, smooth, radical trade expansion. As in a game of dominoes, China has been able to drop the capitalism safeties and America had to bow its head and agree to no longer be the only great power in the international scenario. But the peculiarity of this work is not only to define the root causes of China＇s success in the West; also reflects the fact that an Italian economist （Enrico Barone）, in 1908, predicted analytically and developed a theoretical system very similar to that of China nowadays, between capitalism and collectivism （a third way of the market）. The Asian culture has developed a market system that has proven to be accommodating to the needs of the capitalist market and to grasp the development opportunities that the same Western capitalism has offered.
基金Supported by the High Technology Research and Development Programme of China (No. 2007AA01Z2652009AA01Z247)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60972076)
文摘In this paper, the outage performance of opportunistic relay （OR） and equal gain transmissionbeamfomaing （EGT-BF） are studied in decode-and-ibrward （DF） relay networks over Nakagami-m fading channels, assuming multiple relays are available in the networks. We derive the moment generation function （MGF） of the received signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） at the destination, then obtain the exact closedform solution of OR and the approximate closed form expression of EGT-BF in terms of outage probability respectively through numerical inversion of Laplace transform. Simulation results are given to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis. We also compare the outage performance of OR and EGT-BF with oth- er transmission strategies and find that when decoding results of relays are available at the destination, OR achieves high performance and is the optimal scheme to achieve the tradeoff between performance and overheads. When relay decoding information is unachievable, the performance of OR degrades significant- ly, and the EGT-BF is a more preferred scheme.
文摘Through the stories of Shun and Shangjia Wei, the Baoxun bamboo manuscript expresses the Confucian political idea of zhongdao （中道 the middle way）. Early Confucians had a strong sense of propagating the dao （道 the Way）, but they kept an open mind as to how it was to be understood, which was very different from the later doctrine of daotong （道统 the tradition of the Way）. Although ancient China possessed a long and continuous intellectual tradition ofzhong （中 center, middle, etc.）, a tradition that gave rise to a series of concepts such as zhongzheng （中正 being fair and upright）, zhongyong （中庸the principle of the Mean） and zhonghe （中和 being central and harmonious）, zhong actually originated from ancient religious rituals and was an important category of the ancient study of li （礼 rites or ritual）. After Confucius, it was Xun Zi who was the true heir to the tradition of zhong in all its fullness. The Confucian daotong is the combination of the tradition of ren （仁 benevolence） and that of li, and the Confucian dao or Way refers to the Way of becoming a sage within and a king without.
文摘The Chinese road of development must necessarily be peaceful. While such pacifism is closely related to Chinese cultural traditions, its direction is essentially settled by China＇s historical practice from mid-nineteenth century on. It was not possible for this road to derive all its specifications from the basic construction of modern capitalism, so at the same time as it critically clarifies the main sources of modern conflicts and wars, it makes revival and rebuilding of traditional Chinese pacifism a realistic possibility. China＇s peaceful developmental road will have considerable significance for the world： it offers mankind inspiration for planning a future world through a development model that does not begin from expansionism or end in hegemonism.
文摘A sourceidentifying and comparative study of the development of the outlook on citizenship education in China and the Western countries indicates that there emerges a tendency of similar orientations in terms of relations between citizens and the state and society,between citizens’rights and obligations and between citizenship education and moral education.At the same time,there also exists the possibility of mutual integration of the viewpoints and the ideas of Chinese traditional moral education in such aspects as subject basis,educational mechanism and values orientation.
文摘A controversial poem on Chinese cuisine sparks criticism In singsong rhymes,an American poet tackles the seemingly endless varieties of Chinese regional cuisine and the difficulties involved in keeping up with the latest trends.Yet his unappetizing piece sparked controversy over perceived elements of racism and prejudice.
