Finding channel sandbodies is an important task in oil and gas exploration due to the importance of fluvial reservoirs. It is difficult to describe fluvial reservoirs in detail owing to their frequent changes and seri...Finding channel sandbodies is an important task in oil and gas exploration due to the importance of fluvial reservoirs. It is difficult to describe fluvial reservoirs in detail owing to their frequent changes and serious intersections, as well as limitations of S/N ratio and seismic data resolution. Based on the Laohekou 3D data in Shengli Oilfield, we analyze the general characteristics of fluvial reservoirs in this area, from which we find that they are characterized by strong amplitudes on seismic profiles, high continuity on time slices, and low frequency in the frequency domain. In addition, a cluster of strong string-bead- like reflections was found after color processing and detailed interpretation. To understand this observation, we conduct forward modeling to explain the mechanism. This provides a new way to identify ancient channels in similar areas. By using the multi-attribute fusion and RGB display techniques, channel incision is more obvious and the characteristics of the channel structures are manifested much better. Finally, we introduce and apply multi-wavelet detection technology to identify weaker fluvial reservoir signals.展开更多
Because the small CACHE size of computers, the scanning speed of DFA based multi-pattern string-matching algorithms slows down rapidly especially when the number of patterns is very large. For solving such problems, w...Because the small CACHE size of computers, the scanning speed of DFA based multi-pattern string-matching algorithms slows down rapidly especially when the number of patterns is very large. For solving such problems, we cut down the scanning time of those algorithms (i.e. DFA based) by rearranging the states table and shrinking the DFA alphabet size. Both the methods can decrease the probability of large-scale random memory accessing and increase the probability of continuously memory accessing. Then the hitting rate of the CACHE is increased and the searching time of on the DFA is reduced. Shrinking the alphabet size of the DFA also reduces the storage complication. The AC++algorithm, by optimizing the Aho-Corasick (i.e. AC) algorithm using such methods, proves the theoretical analysis. And the experimentation results show that the scanning time of AC++and the storage occupied is better than that of AC in most cases and the result is much attractive when the number of patterns is very large. Because DFA is a widely used base algorithm in may string matching algorithms, such as DAWG, SBOM etc., the optimizing method discussed is significant in practice.展开更多
Trogocytosis is a rapid transfer between cells of membranes and associated proteins. Trogocytic exchanges have been investigated between different cell types, mainly in two-cell systems, involving one donor and one ac...Trogocytosis is a rapid transfer between cells of membranes and associated proteins. Trogocytic exchanges have been investigated between different cell types, mainly in two-cell systems, involving one donor and one acceptor cell type. Here, we studied trogocytosis in a more complex system, involving not only several immune cell subsets but also multiple tumor cells. We show that CD4~ T cells, CD8＋ T cells and monocytes can acquire membrane patches and the intact proteins they contain from different tumor cells by multiple simultaneous trogocytoses. The trogocytic ca- pabilities of CD4~ and CD8~ T cells were found to be similar, but inferior to that of autologous monocytes. Activated peripheral-blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） may also exchange membranes between themselves in an all-autolo- gous system. For this reason, monocytes are capable of acquiring membranes from multiple tumor cell sources, and transfer them again to autologous T cells, along with some of their own membranes （serial trogocytosis）. Our data illustrate the extent of membrane exchanges between autologous activated immune effector cells and their environ- ment, and how the cellular content of the local environment, including ＂bystander＂ cells, may impact the functions of immune effector cells.展开更多
Since webpage classification is different from traditional text classification with its irregular words and phrases,massive and unlabeled features,which makes it harder for us to obtain effective feature.To cope with ...Since webpage classification is different from traditional text classification with its irregular words and phrases,massive and unlabeled features,which makes it harder for us to obtain effective feature.To cope with this problem,we propose two scenarios to extract meaningful strings based on document clustering and term clustering with multi-strategies to optimize a Vector Space Model(VSM) in order to improve webpage classification.The results show that document clustering work better than term clustering in coping with document content.However,a better overall performance is obtained by spectral clustering with document clustering.Moreover,owing to image existing in a same webpage with document content,the proposed method is also applied to extract image meaningful terms,and experiment results also show its effectiveness in improving webpage classification.展开更多
Previous work mostly employs an ideal system model that assumes fully connected processors and concurrent communication, which leads to inaccurate and inegicient schedule results. In this paper, a new scheduling model...Previous work mostly employs an ideal system model that assumes fully connected processors and concurrent communication, which leads to inaccurate and inegicient schedule results. In this paper, a new scheduling model which integrates the communication awareness was proposed. Then, a novel scheduling algorithm based on list heuristic was put forward for the new model, which can produce optimal schedule by serializing the communications edges. Experimental results show that the accuracy and efficiency of the new model and algorithm are significantly improved.展开更多
Aim To develop a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS-MS)method to determine clarithromycin in human plasma. Methods The analyte and internal standardroxithromycin were extracted from plasma samples...Aim To develop a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS-MS)method to determine clarithromycin in human plasma. Methods The analyte and internal standardroxithromycin were extracted from plasma samples by n-nexane-dichloromethane-isopropanol(300:150:15, V/V/V) and chromalographed on a C_(18) column. The mobile phase consisted ofmethanol-water-formic acid (80 = 20:1, V/V/V) . Detection was performed on a triple quadrupoletandem mass spectrometer via electrospray ionization source (ESI) in the positive mode. Results Themethod had a lower limit of quantification of 10.0 ng·mL^(-1) when 0.2 mL plasma was used. Thelinear calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range of 10.0 - 5000 ng·mL^(-1) . Theintra- and inter-run precisions were lower than 3.3% in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD),and the accuracy ranged +- 0.7% in terms of relative error (RE). T_(max), C_(max), T_(1/2) andAUC_(0-24h), values were found to be (3.1 +- 2.7)h, (8 750+-4734) ng·mL^(-1), (5.3+-2.2) h, and(5932+-2449)ng·mL^(-1), respectively, after a single oral dose of 250 mg clarithromycin tablet to18 volunteers. Conclusion This validated method was successful in the evaluation of phaimacokineticprofiles of clarithromycin tablets administered to 18 healthy male volunteers.展开更多
Polyphenols were obtained from the natural dried Lonicerae flos by ultrasound-assisted extraction with ethanol as the solvent.Single factor experiment and response surface methodology were employed to optimize the ext...Polyphenols were obtained from the natural dried Lonicerae flos by ultrasound-assisted extraction with ethanol as the solvent.Single factor experiment and response surface methodology were employed to optimize the extraction conditions.Ultra-performance liquid chromatrography(UPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)was employed to identify polyphenols based on the plant widely targeted metabolomics database in a qualitative and quantitative manner.The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for total phenols from Lonicerae flos were ultrasound-assisted extraction with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 10∶1 g/mL and 57%ethanol at 70 W and 60°C for 11 min.The yield of total phenols extracted under the optimal conditions reached 71.08 mg/g.The phenols in Lonicerae flos were mainly chlorogenic acid isomers,and the flavonoids were mainly nobiletin,galuteolin,and homoarbutin.展开更多
A simple and efficient radical coupling of 2-isocyanobiphenyl with ethers was developed, providing a variety of 6-alkylated phenanthridines. Both cyclic and acyclic ethers are suitable substrates for this transformati...A simple and efficient radical coupling of 2-isocyanobiphenyl with ethers was developed, providing a variety of 6-alkylated phenanthridines. Both cyclic and acyclic ethers are suitable substrates for this transformation, which comprised the functional- ization of two C-H bonds： the sp3 C-H of ether and sp2 C-H of phenyl group. The kinetic isotope effect （KIE） revealed that the cleavage of sp3 C-H bond would be involved in the rate-determining step.展开更多
Feedback plays an important role in various biological signal transmission systems. In this paper, a signaling cascade system(including three layers: input(S), intermediate(V), output(X) components) is employed to stu...Feedback plays an important role in various biological signal transmission systems. In this paper, a signaling cascade system(including three layers: input(S), intermediate(V), output(X) components) is employed to study the fluctuations and net synergy in information transmission, in which the V component is regulated by itself or the X component, and each feedback on V is either positive or negative. The Fano factor, the net synergy, and the signalto-noise ratio(SNR) of signaling cascade with the four possible feedback types are theoretically derived by using linear noise approximation of the master equation, and the ability of information transmission through the signaling cascade is characterized by using the partial information decomposition of information theory. It is found that the signaling cascade exhibits different responses to the four feedback mechanisms, which depend on the relationships between degradation rates of components. Our results not only clarify the dependence of the Fano factor, net synergy, and SNR on the feedback regulations with the varying of degradation rates of components, but also imply that living cells could utilize different feedback mechanisms to adapt to the external fluctuating environments.展开更多
基金sponsored by The Science and Technology Research Project,Shengli Oilfield (Grant No. YKW1002)
文摘Finding channel sandbodies is an important task in oil and gas exploration due to the importance of fluvial reservoirs. It is difficult to describe fluvial reservoirs in detail owing to their frequent changes and serious intersections, as well as limitations of S/N ratio and seismic data resolution. Based on the Laohekou 3D data in Shengli Oilfield, we analyze the general characteristics of fluvial reservoirs in this area, from which we find that they are characterized by strong amplitudes on seismic profiles, high continuity on time slices, and low frequency in the frequency domain. In addition, a cluster of strong string-bead- like reflections was found after color processing and detailed interpretation. To understand this observation, we conduct forward modeling to explain the mechanism. This provides a new way to identify ancient channels in similar areas. By using the multi-attribute fusion and RGB display techniques, channel incision is more obvious and the characteristics of the channel structures are manifested much better. Finally, we introduce and apply multi-wavelet detection technology to identify weaker fluvial reservoir signals.
文摘Because the small CACHE size of computers, the scanning speed of DFA based multi-pattern string-matching algorithms slows down rapidly especially when the number of patterns is very large. For solving such problems, we cut down the scanning time of those algorithms (i.e. DFA based) by rearranging the states table and shrinking the DFA alphabet size. Both the methods can decrease the probability of large-scale random memory accessing and increase the probability of continuously memory accessing. Then the hitting rate of the CACHE is increased and the searching time of on the DFA is reduced. Shrinking the alphabet size of the DFA also reduces the storage complication. The AC++algorithm, by optimizing the Aho-Corasick (i.e. AC) algorithm using such methods, proves the theoretical analysis. And the experimentation results show that the scanning time of AC++and the storage occupied is better than that of AC in most cases and the result is much attractive when the number of patterns is very large. Because DFA is a widely used base algorithm in may string matching algorithms, such as DAWG, SBOM etc., the optimizing method discussed is significant in practice.
文摘Trogocytosis is a rapid transfer between cells of membranes and associated proteins. Trogocytic exchanges have been investigated between different cell types, mainly in two-cell systems, involving one donor and one acceptor cell type. Here, we studied trogocytosis in a more complex system, involving not only several immune cell subsets but also multiple tumor cells. We show that CD4~ T cells, CD8＋ T cells and monocytes can acquire membrane patches and the intact proteins they contain from different tumor cells by multiple simultaneous trogocytoses. The trogocytic ca- pabilities of CD4~ and CD8~ T cells were found to be similar, but inferior to that of autologous monocytes. Activated peripheral-blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） may also exchange membranes between themselves in an all-autolo- gous system. For this reason, monocytes are capable of acquiring membranes from multiple tumor cell sources, and transfer them again to autologous T cells, along with some of their own membranes （serial trogocytosis）. Our data illustrate the extent of membrane exchanges between autologous activated immune effector cells and their environ- ment, and how the cellular content of the local environment, including ＂bystander＂ cells, may impact the functions of immune effector cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61100205,No.60873001the HiTech Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2011AA010705the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2009RC0212
文摘Since webpage classification is different from traditional text classification with its irregular words and phrases,massive and unlabeled features,which makes it harder for us to obtain effective feature.To cope with this problem,we propose two scenarios to extract meaningful strings based on document clustering and term clustering with multi-strategies to optimize a Vector Space Model(VSM) in order to improve webpage classification.The results show that document clustering work better than term clustering in coping with document content.However,a better overall performance is obtained by spectral clustering with document clustering.Moreover,owing to image existing in a same webpage with document content,the proposed method is also applied to extract image meaningful terms,and experiment results also show its effectiveness in improving webpage classification.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No60503048,60672059)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No2006AA01Z233)
文摘Previous work mostly employs an ideal system model that assumes fully connected processors and concurrent communication, which leads to inaccurate and inegicient schedule results. In this paper, a new scheduling model which integrates the communication awareness was proposed. Then, a novel scheduling algorithm based on list heuristic was put forward for the new model, which can produce optimal schedule by serializing the communications edges. Experimental results show that the accuracy and efficiency of the new model and algorithm are significantly improved.
文摘Aim To develop a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS-MS)method to determine clarithromycin in human plasma. Methods The analyte and internal standardroxithromycin were extracted from plasma samples by n-nexane-dichloromethane-isopropanol(300:150:15, V/V/V) and chromalographed on a C_(18) column. The mobile phase consisted ofmethanol-water-formic acid (80 = 20:1, V/V/V) . Detection was performed on a triple quadrupoletandem mass spectrometer via electrospray ionization source (ESI) in the positive mode. Results Themethod had a lower limit of quantification of 10.0 ng·mL^(-1) when 0.2 mL plasma was used. Thelinear calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range of 10.0 - 5000 ng·mL^(-1) . Theintra- and inter-run precisions were lower than 3.3% in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD),and the accuracy ranged +- 0.7% in terms of relative error (RE). T_(max), C_(max), T_(1/2) andAUC_(0-24h), values were found to be (3.1 +- 2.7)h, (8 750+-4734) ng·mL^(-1), (5.3+-2.2) h, and(5932+-2449)ng·mL^(-1), respectively, after a single oral dose of 250 mg clarithromycin tablet to18 volunteers. Conclusion This validated method was successful in the evaluation of phaimacokineticprofiles of clarithromycin tablets administered to 18 healthy male volunteers.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project of Hunan Province(2022CX87)Huaihua Municipal Institute of Science and Technology Cooperation Project(2022N1203)Science and Technology Talent Lifting Project of Hunan Province—Training Plan for Young and Middle-aged Scholars(2023TJ-Z01)。
文摘Polyphenols were obtained from the natural dried Lonicerae flos by ultrasound-assisted extraction with ethanol as the solvent.Single factor experiment and response surface methodology were employed to optimize the extraction conditions.Ultra-performance liquid chromatrography(UPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)was employed to identify polyphenols based on the plant widely targeted metabolomics database in a qualitative and quantitative manner.The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for total phenols from Lonicerae flos were ultrasound-assisted extraction with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 10∶1 g/mL and 57%ethanol at 70 W and 60°C for 11 min.The yield of total phenols extracted under the optimal conditions reached 71.08 mg/g.The phenols in Lonicerae flos were mainly chlorogenic acid isomers,and the flavonoids were mainly nobiletin,galuteolin,and homoarbutin.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21172106,21074054 and 21372114)the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB923303)+1 种基金the Research FundJbr the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(20120091110010)PAN ChangDuo is thankful the support of the Natural Science Foundation of China(21272178).
文摘A simple and efficient radical coupling of 2-isocyanobiphenyl with ethers was developed, providing a variety of 6-alkylated phenanthridines. Both cyclic and acyclic ethers are suitable substrates for this transformation, which comprised the functional- ization of two C-H bonds： the sp3 C-H of ether and sp2 C-H of phenyl group. The kinetic isotope effect （KIE） revealed that the cleavage of sp3 C-H bond would be involved in the rate-determining step.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11775091 and 11474117
文摘Feedback plays an important role in various biological signal transmission systems. In this paper, a signaling cascade system(including three layers: input(S), intermediate(V), output(X) components) is employed to study the fluctuations and net synergy in information transmission, in which the V component is regulated by itself or the X component, and each feedback on V is either positive or negative. The Fano factor, the net synergy, and the signalto-noise ratio(SNR) of signaling cascade with the four possible feedback types are theoretically derived by using linear noise approximation of the master equation, and the ability of information transmission through the signaling cascade is characterized by using the partial information decomposition of information theory. It is found that the signaling cascade exhibits different responses to the four feedback mechanisms, which depend on the relationships between degradation rates of components. Our results not only clarify the dependence of the Fano factor, net synergy, and SNR on the feedback regulations with the varying of degradation rates of components, but also imply that living cells could utilize different feedback mechanisms to adapt to the external fluctuating environments.
