AIM: To determine the influence of gender on the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed in 29...AIM: To determine the influence of gender on the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed in 299 patients with HCC and their clinicopathologic features and survival were compared in relation to gender. RESULTS: There were 260 male (87%) and 39 female patients (13%),with a male-to-female ratio of 6.7:1.Female patients had lower mean serum bilirubin levels (P=0.03), lower proportion of alcohol abuse (P=0.002),smaller mean tumor size (P=0.02),more frequent nodular type but less frequent massive and diffuse types of HCC (P=0.01),were less advanced in Okuda's staging (P=0.04),and less frequently associated with venous invasion (P=0.03).The median survivals in females (14 too) were significantly longer than that of male patients (4 mo) (P=0.004,log-rank test). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high serum alpha- fetoprotein levels,venous invasion,extrahepatic metastasis and lack of therapy were independent factors related to unfavorable prognosis.However,gender did not constitute a predictive variable associated with patient survival. CONCLUSION: Female patients tend to have higher survival rates than males.These differences were probably due to more favorable pathologic features of HCC at initial diagnosis and greater likelihood to undergo curative therapy in female patients.展开更多
This study was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetic characteristics of tilidine and its active metabolites nortilidine in healthy Chinese male and female volunteers. Nine healthy volunteers （4 male and 5 female） ...This study was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetic characteristics of tilidine and its active metabolites nortilidine in healthy Chinese male and female volunteers. Nine healthy volunteers （4 male and 5 female） were included in the study. Subjects were administered a single oral dose 50 mg tilidine hydrochloride oral solution. The plasma tilidine and nortilidine concentrations were determined by gas chromatography nitrogen phosphorous detection （GC-NPD）. The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated from plasma concentration-time profiles using model independent method. The main pharmacokinetic data （mean4-SD） for tilidine and nortilidine were Cmax （63.39±28.99） and （122.53±23.23） ng/mL; Tmax （0.37±0.07） and （0.64±0.30） h; t1/2 （2.83±1.35） and （5.72±1.37） h; A UC0-∞ （101.59±41.85） and （577.13±189.77） ng.h/mL, respectively. The mean pharmacokinetic parameters for male and female were as follows： for tilidine： Cmax （73.88±40.88） and （55.014-15.16） ng/mL, Tmax （0.37±0.08） and （0.36±0.08） h, tl/2 （4.05±1.07） and （1.86±0.41） h, AUC0-∞ （119.004-55.11） and （87.66∞26.08） ng.h/mL; for nortilidine： Cmax （108.824-27.88） and （133.49-4-12.56） ng/mL, Tmax （0.94±0.13） and （0.40±0.09） h, t1/2 （4.66±1.18） and （6.57±0.84） h, AUC0-∞ （601.59±281.07） and （557.57±108.16） ng.h/mL. The t1/2 for tilidine in male was significantly higher than that in female, while Tmax for nortilidine in male was significantly higher than that in female. There was no serious adverse effects, but significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects was found between male and female. There was no sufficient pharmacokinetic reason to adjust the dose of tilidine when it was administered in Chinese patients.展开更多
文摘AIM: To determine the influence of gender on the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed in 299 patients with HCC and their clinicopathologic features and survival were compared in relation to gender. RESULTS: There were 260 male (87%) and 39 female patients (13%),with a male-to-female ratio of 6.7:1.Female patients had lower mean serum bilirubin levels (P=0.03), lower proportion of alcohol abuse (P=0.002),smaller mean tumor size (P=0.02),more frequent nodular type but less frequent massive and diffuse types of HCC (P=0.01),were less advanced in Okuda's staging (P=0.04),and less frequently associated with venous invasion (P=0.03).The median survivals in females (14 too) were significantly longer than that of male patients (4 mo) (P=0.004,log-rank test). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high serum alpha- fetoprotein levels,venous invasion,extrahepatic metastasis and lack of therapy were independent factors related to unfavorable prognosis.However,gender did not constitute a predictive variable associated with patient survival. CONCLUSION: Female patients tend to have higher survival rates than males.These differences were probably due to more favorable pathologic features of HCC at initial diagnosis and greater likelihood to undergo curative therapy in female patients.
基金Major Project of National Science&Technology (Grant No.2009ZX09301-010)
文摘This study was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetic characteristics of tilidine and its active metabolites nortilidine in healthy Chinese male and female volunteers. Nine healthy volunteers （4 male and 5 female） were included in the study. Subjects were administered a single oral dose 50 mg tilidine hydrochloride oral solution. The plasma tilidine and nortilidine concentrations were determined by gas chromatography nitrogen phosphorous detection （GC-NPD）. The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated from plasma concentration-time profiles using model independent method. The main pharmacokinetic data （mean4-SD） for tilidine and nortilidine were Cmax （63.39±28.99） and （122.53±23.23） ng/mL; Tmax （0.37±0.07） and （0.64±0.30） h; t1/2 （2.83±1.35） and （5.72±1.37） h; A UC0-∞ （101.59±41.85） and （577.13±189.77） ng.h/mL, respectively. The mean pharmacokinetic parameters for male and female were as follows： for tilidine： Cmax （73.88±40.88） and （55.014-15.16） ng/mL, Tmax （0.37±0.08） and （0.36±0.08） h, tl/2 （4.05±1.07） and （1.86±0.41） h, AUC0-∞ （119.004-55.11） and （87.66∞26.08） ng.h/mL; for nortilidine： Cmax （108.824-27.88） and （133.49-4-12.56） ng/mL, Tmax （0.94±0.13） and （0.40±0.09） h, t1/2 （4.66±1.18） and （6.57±0.84） h, AUC0-∞ （601.59±281.07） and （557.57±108.16） ng.h/mL. The t1/2 for tilidine in male was significantly higher than that in female, while Tmax for nortilidine in male was significantly higher than that in female. There was no serious adverse effects, but significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects was found between male and female. There was no sufficient pharmacokinetic reason to adjust the dose of tilidine when it was administered in Chinese patients.
