电离辐射诱导HeLaS_3细胞凋亡时程变化的影响

采用PI和Hoechst33342双染、流式细胞术 (FCM)和图像分析术 (ICM)检测了不同剂量电离辐射对HeLaS3 细胞凋亡的影响。结果表明 ,HeLaS3 细胞在分别受到 0 .5 - 4 .0GyX射线照射后 8h ,其细胞凋亡呈增高趋势 ,但无统计学意义。照射后 12h ,细胞凋亡显著增加 (p <0 .0 1) ,并达峰值。随后 ,细胞凋亡率迅速下降 ,4 8h ,又有所回升。且流式细胞术与图像分析术所得结果数据相近 ,趋势一致。

Clinical Value of Ultrosound in the Diagnosis of Testicular Tumor

Objective: To summarize the clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment of the testicular tumors.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 42 adult patients with testicular cancers was carried out.Results: Ultrasonography (B-ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging) was performed on 37 cases. One case was misdiagnosed. Surgical management was carried out in 42 cases and postoperational radiation therapy or chemotherapy was performed. The 1–5 year postoperative survival rate was totally 100%.Conclusion: B-ultrasound, especially color Doppler flow imaging, with the advantages of noninvasiveness and inexpensiveness was most useful and should be firstly employed in diagnosing the testicular tumor. The favorable prognosis can be obtained if an early diagnosis is made and the early treatment is performed. Key words testicular tumor - B-ultrasound - color Doppler flow imaging

硒——在肿瘤放化疗中的应用

硒与人体多种疾病有关，而硒与癌症研究是最全面的，涉及分子、细胞、动物和人群，其结果也充分表明，硒在癌症的化学预防和治疗方面有着非常明确的作用，特别作为临床放化疗辅助治疗剂，硒已经得到了国内外专家的至认可。

Clinical efficacy of oral enteral nutrition in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy： a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Background and Objectives： the effects of oral enteral nutrition （EN） in lung cancer patients receivingchemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were controversial, so we made a systematic review to analyze the clinicalefficacy of EN in lung cancer patients after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Methods and Study Design：Pertinent studies were identified by searching in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ChinaNational Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, WanFang Database, China Biomedical Literature database （CBM） andChinese Science and Technology Periodical Database （VIP）. Energy intake, protein intake, weight and other datawere extracted. Results： Finally, 5 randomized controlled trials （RCTs） were included in this systematic review.Patients in 3 studies received chemotherapy, in 1 with radiotherapy and in 1 with chemo-radiotherapy. Thecombined results showed that EN significantly increased energy and protein intake in lung cancer duringchemotherapy, while there was no significant effect on other results after patients had received chemotherapyand/or radiotherapy. Conclusions： Limited evidence is available to judge whether EN can improve clinical effect oflung cancer with or without chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, as clinical heterogeneity and other potentialvariation existed in this review. Further studies are needed.

Clinical observation of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3D-CRT) with concurrent chemotherapy in treatment of recurrent cervical cancers

Objective： The aim of the study was to explore the efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy （3D- CRT） combined with TP concurrent chemotherapy in treatment of recurrent cervical cancers. Methods： From May 2005 to May 2009, 36 patients with recurrent cervical cancer were treated by 3D-CRT of 60-66 Gy and TP （docetaxel 70 mg/m^2, d1; cisplatin 20 mg/m^2, dl-d3; 21 days per cycle, totally 2 cycles） concurrent chemotherapy. Results： All of the patients had finished the 3D-CRT, the total response rate, complete response rate and partial response rate were 80.0% （28/35）, 45.7% （16/35）, and 34.3% （12/35）, respectively. The pain-alleviation rate was 91.4% （32/35）. The hemorrhage control rate was 94.3% （33/35）. The median overall survival was 21.2 months. The 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 54.3%, 37.1% and 22.8%, respectively. The life qualities of the patients were improved, without any treatment related death. Conclusion： Radiotherapy is effective and well-tolerated for recurrent cervical cancers, and it can promote regional control of the disease and prolong survival time.

Induction chemotherapy followed by weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin with concurrent radiotherapy in inoperable stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancers: results of a phase Ⅱ trial

Objective： several trials have suggested the superiority of concurrent chemoradiotherapy. It has been hypothesized that the addition of systemic dose sequential chemotherapy to concurrent chemoradiotherapy, as induction or as consolidation, might further improve survival rates. So we sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of induction paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin with concurrent radiotherapy in inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： Fifty-six patients with stage III inoperable NSCLC received induction chemotherapy with 2 cycles of paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC-6 every 3 weeks then patients were assigned to concurrent chemoradiotherapy with paclitaxel 45 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC-2 weekly along with concurrent radiotherapy at dose of 60 Gy （1.8 Gy/d x 5 d/week）. Results： Median age of the 56 eligible patients was 61 years, most of them were males （87.5%）. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common pathological type （55.4%） and 85.7% had a performance status of 1. The majority of patients were presented with stage IIIB （62.5%）. Neutropenia was the most common toxicity during induction therapy （12.5% expressed grade 3） whereas esophagitis was the most common non hematologic adverse reaction during concurrent chemoradiotherapy （14.3% of grade 3）. The overall response rate was 71.6% with complete response in 19.6%. After median follow up of 20 months, the median survival time was 13 months （95% CI： 10.917-15.083） and 1 year overall survival rate was 53.6%. Conclusion： This regimen has demonstrated an acceptable toxicity profile and encouraging response to treatment. Evaluation of this regimen in larger number and a phase III trial are recommended.

Clinical observation in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) with concurrent chemotherapy in treatment of postoperative cerebral gliomas

Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) combined with Temozolomide (TMZ) concurrent chemotherapy in treatment of postoperative cerebral gliomas by prospective randomized controlled trials. Methods: Sixty-two patients with cerebral glioma who had residual tumor were divided into 3D-CRT group (radiotherapy group, n=31) and 3D-CRT with concurrent chemotherapy group (chemoradiotherapy group, n=31) prospectively. All patients received a dose of 50-60 Gy/25-30 F/5-6 weeks by 6 MV-X ray, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, 1 f/d, 5 times a week. Chemotherapy regimen was Temozolomide:75 mg/m2/d, concomitantly with radiotherapy, followed by 150-200 mg/m2/d, 5 days, 28 days per cycle, totally 3-6 cycles. Results: The total response rate was 35.3% (11/31) in radiotherapy group. The response rate was 61.3% (19/31) in chemoradiotherapy group. There was significant difference in curative effect (P=0.042). There was no significant difference in survival comparison of two groups (P=0.263). Stratified analysis showed the patients with grade Ⅲ gliomas of chemoradiotherapy group had better prognosis than ones of radiotherapy group (P=0.043). Conclusion: The 3D-CRT with concurrent chemotherapy can improve the survival of cerebral gliomas with pathological grade Ⅲ.

Clinical study on radiofrequency combined with ^(131)I therapy for dedifferentiated thyroid carcinomas

Objective:The aim of this study was to explore clinical efficiency of radio frequency combined with 131I therapy for dedifferentiated thyroid carcinoma.Methods:All patients have been treated by radiofrequency connected with 131I in 29 cases of dedifferentiated thyroid carcinoma which performed radionuclide imaging and Ig array of blood serum before and after therapy,respectively.Results:There were 4(4/29) positive cases of radionuclide imaging before treatment and 19(19/29) cases 2 weeks after therapy,25(25/29) cases of overall efficacy and 15(15/29) curative cases. Conclusion: Radiofrequency connected with 131I improve clinical efficacy of 131I treatment for dedifferentiated thyroid cancer of thyroid in view of higher absorbing 131I of thyroid cancerous cell.

The Clinical Possibility to Make Use of P++ Strategy to Obtain Refined Biological Optimization for the Treatment of Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

It has been believed that the better optimization can be achieved by tile P＋＋ optimization strategy since the P＋ curve shows a rather shallow maximum. In this paper, the P＋＋ optimization strategy has been verified by evaluating （intensity-modulated radiation therapy, IMRT） plans for a T4 stage NPC patient in the situation where diffieuh compromise has to be made between probabilities for tumor control and normal tissue injuh＇y. The results showed that including the biological objective gEUD into the plan optimization couht decrease the mean dose of OAR. Theoretically, P＋＋ optimization strategy could be helpfnl to find the refined optimization solution for radiation therapy planning. However, in clinical radiotherapy practice, disease situations will form restrictions to use the biological evaluation only. More factors including both physical and biological models should be considered in a planning evaluation process to aehieve a best clinical solution.