Background There are limited data on long-term （〉 5 years） outcomes of drug-eluting stent （DES） implantation compared with coro- nary artery bypass grafting （CABG） for ostial/rnidshaft left main coronary artery...Background There are limited data on long-term （〉 5 years） outcomes of drug-eluting stent （DES） implantation compared with coro- nary artery bypass grafting （CABG） for ostial/rnidshaft left main coronary artery （LMCA） lesions. Methods Of the 259 consecutive pa- tients in Beijing Anzhen Hospital with ostial/midshaff LMCA lesions, 149 were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） with DES and 110 were with CABG. The endpoints of the study were death, repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction （MI）, stroke, the composite of cardiac death, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events （MACCE, the composite of cardiac death, MI, stroke or repeat revascularization）.The duration of follow-up is 7.1 years （interquartile range 5.3 to 8.2 years）. Results There is no significant differ- ence between the PCI and CABG group during the median follow-up of 7.1 years （interquartile range： 5.3-8.2 years） in the occurrence of death （HR： 0.727, 95% CI： 0.335-1.578; P = 0.421）, the composite endpoint of cardiac death, MI or stroke （HR： 0.730, 95% CI： 0.375-1.421; P = 0.354）, MACCE （HR： 1.066, 95% CI： 0.648-1.753; P = 0.801）, MI （HR： 1.112, 95% CI： 0.414-2.987; P = 0.833）, stroke （HR： 1.875, 95% CI： 0.528-6.659; P = 0.331）, and repeat revascularization （HR： 1.590, 95% CI： 0.800-3.161; P = 0.186）. These results remained after multivariable adjusting. Conclusion During a follow-up up to 8.2 years, we found that DES implantation had similar endpoint outcomes compared with CABG.展开更多
Existing location privacy- preserving methods, without a trusted third party, cannot resist conspiracy attacks and active attacks. This paper proposes a novel solution for location based service （LBS） in vehicular a...Existing location privacy- preserving methods, without a trusted third party, cannot resist conspiracy attacks and active attacks. This paper proposes a novel solution for location based service （LBS） in vehicular ad hoc network （VANET）. Firstly, the relationship among anonymity degree, expected company area and vehicle density is discussed. Then, a companion set F is set up by k neighbor vehicles. Based on secure multi-party computation, each vehicle in V can compute the centroid, not revealing its location to each other. The centroid as a cloaking location is sent to LBS provider （P） and P returns a point of interest （POI）. Due to a distributed secret sharing structure, P cannot obtain the positions of non-complicity vehicles by colluding with multiple internal vehicles. To detect fake data from dishonest vehicles, zero knowledge proof is adopted. Comparing with other related methods, our solution can resist passive and active attacks from internal and external nodes. It provides strong privacy protection for LBS in VANET.展开更多
Founded in 1902 as the Transvaal Miners＇ Association, the South African Mine Workers＇ Union （MWU）, as it was renamed in 1913, rose to prominence as a militant union for white miners, especially during the turbulen...Founded in 1902 as the Transvaal Miners＇ Association, the South African Mine Workers＇ Union （MWU）, as it was renamed in 1913, rose to prominence as a militant union for white miners, especially during the turbulent years of industrial strife and bloody strike action in the first two decades of the 20th century. Since the election victory of the Pact government in 1924 a program of pro-white protectionist legislation was introduced. As South Africa＇s most prominent white trade union of the 20th century, the MWU therefore became renowned for defending job reservation in the mining industry. After 1948, it enjoyed the National Party government＇s support in this regard. However, skilled labor shortages and changing labor conditions in the 1970s forced the government to introduce labor reform. Job reservation was scrapped and black unions were officially recognized. These initiatives put the MWU on a confrontational path with the government and the union aligned itself with right-wing political resistance and protest. But, the altered political and economic South African realities after 1994 forced the MWU to rethink its strategies. By 2002, it had reinvented and transformed itself into Solidarity, adequately equipped for addressing the labor challenges and demands of a post-apartheid South Africa. This article, based on the author＇s research of the South African labor movement in the early 20th century, traces the historical development of the union and its influence on South African political and labor history.展开更多
Greek classics, Homer, and the Greek tragedians, supposed to be the cornerstone of Western civilization, have long suffered from a stagnant and formalistic institutional approach. On the other hand, the adaptations, t...Greek classics, Homer, and the Greek tragedians, supposed to be the cornerstone of Western civilization, have long suffered from a stagnant and formalistic institutional approach. On the other hand, the adaptations, the transcriptions, or the transubstantiations of the Greek antiquity material into new stories and formats compose an abundant cultural field. Antiquity is diffused in a variety of texts, among comics as well. In this paper, we revise the comic books adaptations dealing with ancient Greek classics and classify them according to ＂the fidelity criterion-dilemma＂, to the kind of reader they imply and to the extent of authorial mastery they impose. When classics and comics collide, they create unexpected variations of the ancient material, reflecting the receiving culture＇s practices and beliefs.展开更多
This study seeks to examine the influence of board skill, multiple directorships （BSHIP）, and tenure of independent directors on accounting conservatism, as measured by asymmetric timeliness and accrual-based conser...This study seeks to examine the influence of board skill, multiple directorships （BSHIP）, and tenure of independent directors on accounting conservatism, as measured by asymmetric timeliness and accrual-based conservatism （CONACCR）. Fixed-effect regression models were constructed on a sample of 2016 firm-year observations for asymmetric timeliness model and 2033 firm-year observations for CONACCR model, which covered from 2001 to 2007. The findings show that the degree of financial expertise on the board is positively associated with the recognition of bad news which is relative to good news into earnings. BSHIP appears to have no effect on conservatism. Independent directors who have longer tenure in the board of the firms are slower in recognizing bad news which is relative to good news into earnings. The study provides empirical evidence on the effectiveness of the board of directors, which will be an interest to the practitioner or regulators in reviewing the corporate governance regulations.展开更多
Since he took office, the new US president, Donald Trump, has unveiled his broad economic policy--now called Trumponomics. It emphasizes neoliberalism at home, less government regulations, more growth and weakening th...Since he took office, the new US president, Donald Trump, has unveiled his broad economic policy--now called Trumponomics. It emphasizes neoliberalism at home, less government regulations, more growth and weakening the welfare state. Intemationally, Trumponomics embraces protectionism and nativism with a focus on US economic interests. Trumponomics caters to the lower-middle classes, a reflection of the country＇s current economic and diplomatic challenges. Trumponomics will bring uncertainty to China-US economic and trade relations. China should carefully study the policies of the Trump administration and prepare contingency plans.展开更多
Sexual violence, a prevalent problem in the spousal relationship, is closely related to the issue of female consciousness. In The Babysitter, Coover （1989） tells of a teenage girl babysitting two kids and a baby and...Sexual violence, a prevalent problem in the spousal relationship, is closely related to the issue of female consciousness. In The Babysitter, Coover （1989） tells of a teenage girl babysitting two kids and a baby and of two of her male peers and the children＇s father altogether exploring their obsession towards her and, moreover, traces the evaluation and devaluation of women to the presentation of TV exploring its influence on his heroines, namely Mrs. Tucker and the babysitter serving as victims of the patriarchal society. Through a close engagement with the sexual objectification theory, this paper analyzes in detail men＇s aggressive oppressions upon women as well as women＇s compromise and rebellion towards the sexual violence, and investigates that the awakening of female independent consciousness is a key factor in effectively helping women achieve the gender equality between sexes.展开更多
Based on the sample data of the listed firms on the A stock market, we analyze how the system of independent directors influence the earning conservatism from 4 dimensions designed to measure the monitoring power of t...Based on the sample data of the listed firms on the A stock market, we analyze how the system of independent directors influence the earning conservatism from 4 dimensions designed to measure the monitoring power of these independent directors： Percentage within BDs, professional capacities, stimulation and work conditions. From the empirical results, we conclude that the more powerful of the independent directors, the better the accounting conservatism, and that their positive impact increases along with the improvement on corporate governance, meanwhile the work conditions plays the most important role, and then are the percentage within BDs and their professional capacities, the stimulation and personal reputation appear the least importance.展开更多
The necessity of the main cable anticorrosion for suspension bridge is described, and operating principles and composition of main cable dehumidification system are analyzed. An idea using the waste heat of high tempe...The necessity of the main cable anticorrosion for suspension bridge is described, and operating principles and composition of main cable dehumidification system are analyzed. An idea using the waste heat of high temperature outlet air of dehumidification system to heat up regeneration air of rotary-type dehumidifier is put forward in this paper. The concrete scheme is to install a heat exchanger on air-out pipeline of roots blower and air-in pipeline of regeneration electric heater of rotary dehumidifier. Air preheated by the heat exchanger enters regeneration electric heater of rotary-type dehumidifier. Energy conservation of main cable dehumidification system for the Yangtze River highway bridge is calculated, and the results show that energy conservation rate can reach 44 %.展开更多
Objective Acute aortic dissection （AAD） is a catastrophic event with high early mortality rate, but to date, no data on the incidence of AAD in China's Mainland is available. This study aimed to estimate the inc...Objective Acute aortic dissection （AAD） is a catastrophic event with high early mortality rate, but to date, no data on the incidence of AAD in China's Mainland is available. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of AAD in China and characterize the clinical profile, management and in-hospital outcomes of this vascular event. Methods We used the China Health Insurance Research Data （the CHIRA Data） 2011 which comprises all inpatient hospital records （300,886） during the period of Jan. 1st 2011 to Dec. 31 2011 of 3,335,000 randomly sampled beneficiaries （1,718,500 men and 1,616,500 women） from 25 cities and counties in different economic-geographic regions of China's Mainland. Patients with acute aortic dissection were identified according to International Classification of Disease 10m Revision （ICD-10） of I71.0, The estimated incidence of AAD was calculated using the equation： estimated incidence = 2.0 × （40% × hospital admission rate） ＋ 60% × hospital admission rate. Results The hospital admission rate was 2.0/100,000 （65/3,325,000, 95% CI： 1.2-2.8）. The estimated annual incidence of AAD was 2.8/100,000 （95% CI： 1.9-3.6） and was higher in male than in female （3.7 vs. 1.5, P 〈 0.001）. The mean age was 58.9 ± 13.4 years. During the mean hospital stay of 23 ±6 days, the overall in-hospital mortality was 13.9% （9/65）. Conclusions Our study showed relatively lower but not negligible incidence and in-hospital mortality of AAD in the mainland of China. The mean age of patients with AAD in Chinese was younger than that reported by researches from west countries, while the male to female incidence ratio is similar to those reported by other studies.展开更多
In this paper I like to revisit Bhumisukta of the Atharvaveda in the backdrop of present-day environmentalism. It is divided into three parts. In Part 1 I like to give a synoptic view of contemporary environmentalism,...In this paper I like to revisit Bhumisukta of the Atharvaveda in the backdrop of present-day environmentalism. It is divided into three parts. In Part 1 I like to give a synoptic view of contemporary environmentalism, as reflected in Arne Naess＇s Deep Ecology. In Part 2 I make an exposition of the Bhumisukta, particularly those verses （mantras） which are directly relevant to our environmental concerns. To say the truth, this Bhumisukta （also called the Pcthivisitkta） epitomizes the Vedic Hindu eco-culture. The Bhumisukta （which literally means, the Hymn or Prayer to the Earth） is the oldest and the most evocative environmental discourse. It is called ＂the first natural anthem＂ in the history of mankind. It constitutes the first anuvgtka of dvgtda~ kgm. da of the Atharvaveda and contains 63 verses （mantras） devoted to glorifying the Earth as sacred and inviolable. Many prayers have been sung for the preservation and conservation of Nature and its gifts of splendor. The Bh^misftkta talks about human dependence on the Nature and respect for the same that follows naturally. It proclaims of the Earth as the mother, and humanity as her children Bhumisukta, putro＇ham pr. thivyah＂ In Part 3 1 like to make a brief but critical observation regarding the loss of continuity of Vedic tradition in view of an objection made by some Western environmentalists. In this concluding part I like to respond to the objection that so called eco-sensitive cultures could not avert environmental pollution and depletion of Nature in countries, like India.展开更多
This study aims to evaluate the level of accounting conservatism when preparing financial statements by companies listed in Kuwait Stock Exchange （KSE）. In addition, the study examines the factors that affect the le...This study aims to evaluate the level of accounting conservatism when preparing financial statements by companies listed in Kuwait Stock Exchange （KSE）. In addition, the study examines the factors that affect the level of accounting conservatism in those companies with regard to company sizes, debt contracts, and the type of sector the company belongs to. To achieve these goals, the Basu （1997） model was used to measure conservatism level and the factors influencing it. The sample of the study comprises of 225 companies listed in KSE. Findings of the study showed that the KSE succeeded in forcing Kuwait companies to present a reasonable level of accounting conservatism. The study also found out that the financial statements of small companies were conservative, while those of the big ones were not. In addition, the debt contracts left an impact upon financial reports of accounting conservatism. Thus, companies with lower debts were more conservative than those of higher ones. Moreover, the financial statements of the financial sector in KSE were the most conservative.展开更多
文摘Background There are limited data on long-term （〉 5 years） outcomes of drug-eluting stent （DES） implantation compared with coro- nary artery bypass grafting （CABG） for ostial/rnidshaft left main coronary artery （LMCA） lesions. Methods Of the 259 consecutive pa- tients in Beijing Anzhen Hospital with ostial/midshaff LMCA lesions, 149 were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） with DES and 110 were with CABG. The endpoints of the study were death, repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction （MI）, stroke, the composite of cardiac death, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events （MACCE, the composite of cardiac death, MI, stroke or repeat revascularization）.The duration of follow-up is 7.1 years （interquartile range 5.3 to 8.2 years）. Results There is no significant differ- ence between the PCI and CABG group during the median follow-up of 7.1 years （interquartile range： 5.3-8.2 years） in the occurrence of death （HR： 0.727, 95% CI： 0.335-1.578; P = 0.421）, the composite endpoint of cardiac death, MI or stroke （HR： 0.730, 95% CI： 0.375-1.421; P = 0.354）, MACCE （HR： 1.066, 95% CI： 0.648-1.753; P = 0.801）, MI （HR： 1.112, 95% CI： 0.414-2.987; P = 0.833）, stroke （HR： 1.875, 95% CI： 0.528-6.659; P = 0.331）, and repeat revascularization （HR： 1.590, 95% CI： 0.800-3.161; P = 0.186）. These results remained after multivariable adjusting. Conclusion During a follow-up up to 8.2 years, we found that DES implantation had similar endpoint outcomes compared with CABG.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China，by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province，by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China，the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Existing location privacy- preserving methods, without a trusted third party, cannot resist conspiracy attacks and active attacks. This paper proposes a novel solution for location based service （LBS） in vehicular ad hoc network （VANET）. Firstly, the relationship among anonymity degree, expected company area and vehicle density is discussed. Then, a companion set F is set up by k neighbor vehicles. Based on secure multi-party computation, each vehicle in V can compute the centroid, not revealing its location to each other. The centroid as a cloaking location is sent to LBS provider （P） and P returns a point of interest （POI）. Due to a distributed secret sharing structure, P cannot obtain the positions of non-complicity vehicles by colluding with multiple internal vehicles. To detect fake data from dishonest vehicles, zero knowledge proof is adopted. Comparing with other related methods, our solution can resist passive and active attacks from internal and external nodes. It provides strong privacy protection for LBS in VANET.
文摘Founded in 1902 as the Transvaal Miners＇ Association, the South African Mine Workers＇ Union （MWU）, as it was renamed in 1913, rose to prominence as a militant union for white miners, especially during the turbulent years of industrial strife and bloody strike action in the first two decades of the 20th century. Since the election victory of the Pact government in 1924 a program of pro-white protectionist legislation was introduced. As South Africa＇s most prominent white trade union of the 20th century, the MWU therefore became renowned for defending job reservation in the mining industry. After 1948, it enjoyed the National Party government＇s support in this regard. However, skilled labor shortages and changing labor conditions in the 1970s forced the government to introduce labor reform. Job reservation was scrapped and black unions were officially recognized. These initiatives put the MWU on a confrontational path with the government and the union aligned itself with right-wing political resistance and protest. But, the altered political and economic South African realities after 1994 forced the MWU to rethink its strategies. By 2002, it had reinvented and transformed itself into Solidarity, adequately equipped for addressing the labor challenges and demands of a post-apartheid South Africa. This article, based on the author＇s research of the South African labor movement in the early 20th century, traces the historical development of the union and its influence on South African political and labor history.
文摘Greek classics, Homer, and the Greek tragedians, supposed to be the cornerstone of Western civilization, have long suffered from a stagnant and formalistic institutional approach. On the other hand, the adaptations, the transcriptions, or the transubstantiations of the Greek antiquity material into new stories and formats compose an abundant cultural field. Antiquity is diffused in a variety of texts, among comics as well. In this paper, we revise the comic books adaptations dealing with ancient Greek classics and classify them according to ＂the fidelity criterion-dilemma＂, to the kind of reader they imply and to the extent of authorial mastery they impose. When classics and comics collide, they create unexpected variations of the ancient material, reflecting the receiving culture＇s practices and beliefs.
文摘This study seeks to examine the influence of board skill, multiple directorships （BSHIP）, and tenure of independent directors on accounting conservatism, as measured by asymmetric timeliness and accrual-based conservatism （CONACCR）. Fixed-effect regression models were constructed on a sample of 2016 firm-year observations for asymmetric timeliness model and 2033 firm-year observations for CONACCR model, which covered from 2001 to 2007. The findings show that the degree of financial expertise on the board is positively associated with the recognition of bad news which is relative to good news into earnings. BSHIP appears to have no effect on conservatism. Independent directors who have longer tenure in the board of the firms are slower in recognizing bad news which is relative to good news into earnings. The study provides empirical evidence on the effectiveness of the board of directors, which will be an interest to the practitioner or regulators in reviewing the corporate governance regulations.
文摘Since he took office, the new US president, Donald Trump, has unveiled his broad economic policy--now called Trumponomics. It emphasizes neoliberalism at home, less government regulations, more growth and weakening the welfare state. Intemationally, Trumponomics embraces protectionism and nativism with a focus on US economic interests. Trumponomics caters to the lower-middle classes, a reflection of the country＇s current economic and diplomatic challenges. Trumponomics will bring uncertainty to China-US economic and trade relations. China should carefully study the policies of the Trump administration and prepare contingency plans.
文摘Sexual violence, a prevalent problem in the spousal relationship, is closely related to the issue of female consciousness. In The Babysitter, Coover （1989） tells of a teenage girl babysitting two kids and a baby and of two of her male peers and the children＇s father altogether exploring their obsession towards her and, moreover, traces the evaluation and devaluation of women to the presentation of TV exploring its influence on his heroines, namely Mrs. Tucker and the babysitter serving as victims of the patriarchal society. Through a close engagement with the sexual objectification theory, this paper analyzes in detail men＇s aggressive oppressions upon women as well as women＇s compromise and rebellion towards the sexual violence, and investigates that the awakening of female independent consciousness is a key factor in effectively helping women achieve the gender equality between sexes.
文摘Based on the sample data of the listed firms on the A stock market, we analyze how the system of independent directors influence the earning conservatism from 4 dimensions designed to measure the monitoring power of these independent directors： Percentage within BDs, professional capacities, stimulation and work conditions. From the empirical results, we conclude that the more powerful of the independent directors, the better the accounting conservatism, and that their positive impact increases along with the improvement on corporate governance, meanwhile the work conditions plays the most important role, and then are the percentage within BDs and their professional capacities, the stimulation and personal reputation appear the least importance.
基金National Science and Technology Support Program of China ( No. 2009BAG15B01)Key Pro-grams for Science and Technology Development of Chinese Transportation Industry( No. 2008-353-332-170)
文摘The necessity of the main cable anticorrosion for suspension bridge is described, and operating principles and composition of main cable dehumidification system are analyzed. An idea using the waste heat of high temperature outlet air of dehumidification system to heat up regeneration air of rotary-type dehumidifier is put forward in this paper. The concrete scheme is to install a heat exchanger on air-out pipeline of roots blower and air-in pipeline of regeneration electric heater of rotary dehumidifier. Air preheated by the heat exchanger enters regeneration electric heater of rotary-type dehumidifier. Energy conservation of main cable dehumidification system for the Yangtze River highway bridge is calculated, and the results show that energy conservation rate can reach 44 %.
文摘Objective Acute aortic dissection （AAD） is a catastrophic event with high early mortality rate, but to date, no data on the incidence of AAD in China's Mainland is available. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of AAD in China and characterize the clinical profile, management and in-hospital outcomes of this vascular event. Methods We used the China Health Insurance Research Data （the CHIRA Data） 2011 which comprises all inpatient hospital records （300,886） during the period of Jan. 1st 2011 to Dec. 31 2011 of 3,335,000 randomly sampled beneficiaries （1,718,500 men and 1,616,500 women） from 25 cities and counties in different economic-geographic regions of China's Mainland. Patients with acute aortic dissection were identified according to International Classification of Disease 10m Revision （ICD-10） of I71.0, The estimated incidence of AAD was calculated using the equation： estimated incidence = 2.0 × （40% × hospital admission rate） ＋ 60% × hospital admission rate. Results The hospital admission rate was 2.0/100,000 （65/3,325,000, 95% CI： 1.2-2.8）. The estimated annual incidence of AAD was 2.8/100,000 （95% CI： 1.9-3.6） and was higher in male than in female （3.7 vs. 1.5, P 〈 0.001）. The mean age was 58.9 ± 13.4 years. During the mean hospital stay of 23 ±6 days, the overall in-hospital mortality was 13.9% （9/65）. Conclusions Our study showed relatively lower but not negligible incidence and in-hospital mortality of AAD in the mainland of China. The mean age of patients with AAD in Chinese was younger than that reported by researches from west countries, while the male to female incidence ratio is similar to those reported by other studies.
文摘In this paper I like to revisit Bhumisukta of the Atharvaveda in the backdrop of present-day environmentalism. It is divided into three parts. In Part 1 I like to give a synoptic view of contemporary environmentalism, as reflected in Arne Naess＇s Deep Ecology. In Part 2 I make an exposition of the Bhumisukta, particularly those verses （mantras） which are directly relevant to our environmental concerns. To say the truth, this Bhumisukta （also called the Pcthivisitkta） epitomizes the Vedic Hindu eco-culture. The Bhumisukta （which literally means, the Hymn or Prayer to the Earth） is the oldest and the most evocative environmental discourse. It is called ＂the first natural anthem＂ in the history of mankind. It constitutes the first anuvgtka of dvgtda~ kgm. da of the Atharvaveda and contains 63 verses （mantras） devoted to glorifying the Earth as sacred and inviolable. Many prayers have been sung for the preservation and conservation of Nature and its gifts of splendor. The Bh^misftkta talks about human dependence on the Nature and respect for the same that follows naturally. It proclaims of the Earth as the mother, and humanity as her children Bhumisukta, putro＇ham pr. thivyah＂ In Part 3 1 like to make a brief but critical observation regarding the loss of continuity of Vedic tradition in view of an objection made by some Western environmentalists. In this concluding part I like to respond to the objection that so called eco-sensitive cultures could not avert environmental pollution and depletion of Nature in countries, like India.
文摘This study aims to evaluate the level of accounting conservatism when preparing financial statements by companies listed in Kuwait Stock Exchange （KSE）. In addition, the study examines the factors that affect the level of accounting conservatism in those companies with regard to company sizes, debt contracts, and the type of sector the company belongs to. To achieve these goals, the Basu （1997） model was used to measure conservatism level and the factors influencing it. The sample of the study comprises of 225 companies listed in KSE. Findings of the study showed that the KSE succeeded in forcing Kuwait companies to present a reasonable level of accounting conservatism. The study also found out that the financial statements of small companies were conservative, while those of the big ones were not. In addition, the debt contracts left an impact upon financial reports of accounting conservatism. Thus, companies with lower debts were more conservative than those of higher ones. Moreover, the financial statements of the financial sector in KSE were the most conservative.
