本研究收集了2022年中国各省31个主要城市的污染排放与环境的相关数据,变量包括降水量、平均气温、平均相对湿度、日照时数、工业废水COD排放量(吨)、工业氨氮排放量等16类数据对中国各省主要城市进行污染排放情况研究。首先对数据进行...本研究收集了2022年中国各省31个主要城市的污染排放与环境的相关数据,变量包括降水量、平均气温、平均相对湿度、日照时数、工业废水COD排放量(吨)、工业氨氮排放量等16类数据对中国各省主要城市进行污染排放情况研究。首先对数据进行简单分析,可以知道重庆、成都、哈尔滨三个城市在污染排放方面应该是存在一定的问题。再对数据进行简单的系统聚类和K-Means聚类,当将31个城市分为四类的时候,两种聚类方法得到的结果都是将重庆和哈尔滨单独出了一类。为了进一步研究,对31个城市数据进行污染排放处理情况的评价分析,分别使用主成分分析法和因子分析法进行分析,对比两种方法的好坏,最终考虑到对主成分和公因子的解释原因,认为使用因子分析法得到的结果更优,结论为:在中国31个主要城市中,污染排放处理情况存在较大问题的城市为重庆、哈尔滨、上海、武汉(依次的综合得分排位从一到四)。最后给出合理的改善建议。This study collects data related to pollution emission and environment of 31 major cities in each province of China in 2022, and the variables include 16 types of data, such as precipitation, average temperature, average relative humidity, sunshine hours, industrial wastewater COD emission (tons), industrial ammonia nitrogen emission, and so on. First of all, the data are briefly analyzed, and it can be known that the three cities of Chongqing, Chengdu and Harbin should have certain problems in pollution emission. Then the data were subjected to simple systematic clustering and K-Means clustering, and when the 31 cities were divided into four categories, the results obtained from both clustering methods were that Chongqing and Harbin were singled out in one category. In order to further study the evaluation of pollution emission treatment, data from 31 cities were analyzed using both principal component analysis and factor analysis. By comparing the strengths and weaknesses of these two methods, and considering the interpretation of the principal components and common factors, it is concluded that the results obtained using the factor analysis method are more favorable. Specifically, among the 31 major cities in China, Chongqing, Harbin, Shanghai, and Wuhan (ranked from one to four based on their composite scores in descending order) are found to have the biggest problems with pollution emission treatment. Finally, reasonable suggestions for improvement are provided.展开更多
采用福建省龙岩市2009~2010年对龙岩环境监测站、龙岩师专、闽西大学和龙岩学院4个大气采样点中PM10开展的3期采样数据,利用主因子分析法(principal componentanalysis,PCA)和绝对主因子分析法(absolutely principal component analysi...采用福建省龙岩市2009~2010年对龙岩环境监测站、龙岩师专、闽西大学和龙岩学院4个大气采样点中PM10开展的3期采样数据,利用主因子分析法(principal componentanalysis,PCA)和绝对主因子分析法(absolutely principal component analysis,APCA)对PM10的来源进行研究.结果表明:龙岩市大气主要污染源是二次扬尘/燃煤尘、汽车尾气/道路尘、土壤风沙尘和垃圾焚烧尘;龙岩监测站采样点的主要污染源为汽车尾气/二次扬尘、土壤风沙尘和道路尘;龙岩师专的主要污染源为土壤风沙尘、燃煤尘和汽车尾气/二次扬尘;闽西大学的主要污染源为二次扬尘/燃煤尘、汽车尾气和垃圾焚烧尘;龙岩学院采样点的主要污染源为二次扬尘、汽车尾气/土壤风沙尘和燃煤尘.展开更多
文摘本研究收集了2022年中国各省31个主要城市的污染排放与环境的相关数据,变量包括降水量、平均气温、平均相对湿度、日照时数、工业废水COD排放量(吨)、工业氨氮排放量等16类数据对中国各省主要城市进行污染排放情况研究。首先对数据进行简单分析,可以知道重庆、成都、哈尔滨三个城市在污染排放方面应该是存在一定的问题。再对数据进行简单的系统聚类和K-Means聚类,当将31个城市分为四类的时候,两种聚类方法得到的结果都是将重庆和哈尔滨单独出了一类。为了进一步研究,对31个城市数据进行污染排放处理情况的评价分析,分别使用主成分分析法和因子分析法进行分析,对比两种方法的好坏,最终考虑到对主成分和公因子的解释原因,认为使用因子分析法得到的结果更优,结论为:在中国31个主要城市中,污染排放处理情况存在较大问题的城市为重庆、哈尔滨、上海、武汉(依次的综合得分排位从一到四)。最后给出合理的改善建议。This study collects data related to pollution emission and environment of 31 major cities in each province of China in 2022, and the variables include 16 types of data, such as precipitation, average temperature, average relative humidity, sunshine hours, industrial wastewater COD emission (tons), industrial ammonia nitrogen emission, and so on. First of all, the data are briefly analyzed, and it can be known that the three cities of Chongqing, Chengdu and Harbin should have certain problems in pollution emission. Then the data were subjected to simple systematic clustering and K-Means clustering, and when the 31 cities were divided into four categories, the results obtained from both clustering methods were that Chongqing and Harbin were singled out in one category. In order to further study the evaluation of pollution emission treatment, data from 31 cities were analyzed using both principal component analysis and factor analysis. By comparing the strengths and weaknesses of these two methods, and considering the interpretation of the principal components and common factors, it is concluded that the results obtained using the factor analysis method are more favorable. Specifically, among the 31 major cities in China, Chongqing, Harbin, Shanghai, and Wuhan (ranked from one to four based on their composite scores in descending order) are found to have the biggest problems with pollution emission treatment. Finally, reasonable suggestions for improvement are provided.
文摘采用福建省龙岩市2009~2010年对龙岩环境监测站、龙岩师专、闽西大学和龙岩学院4个大气采样点中PM10开展的3期采样数据,利用主因子分析法(principal componentanalysis,PCA)和绝对主因子分析法(absolutely principal component analysis,APCA)对PM10的来源进行研究.结果表明:龙岩市大气主要污染源是二次扬尘/燃煤尘、汽车尾气/道路尘、土壤风沙尘和垃圾焚烧尘;龙岩监测站采样点的主要污染源为汽车尾气/二次扬尘、土壤风沙尘和道路尘;龙岩师专的主要污染源为土壤风沙尘、燃煤尘和汽车尾气/二次扬尘;闽西大学的主要污染源为二次扬尘/燃煤尘、汽车尾气和垃圾焚烧尘;龙岩学院采样点的主要污染源为二次扬尘、汽车尾气/土壤风沙尘和燃煤尘.