Leaf epidermal fingerprints of six species of Rhododendron ( Rh. Aureaum, Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, Rh. Mucronulatum, Rh. Redowskianum, Rh. schlippenbachii) were observed by optical microscope with nail polish e...Leaf epidermal fingerprints of six species of Rhododendron ( Rh. Aureaum, Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, Rh. Mucronulatum, Rh. Redowskianum, Rh. schlippenbachii) were observed by optical microscope with nail polish expression method in Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology of Ministry Education China in Northeast Forestry University in 2004. The leaf morphological features including of stomata types, characters of guard cells, subsidiary cells in lower epidermis were observed. And ordinary cells (in shape and anticlinal walls feature) as well as the trichomes in both sides of the leaves are described in detail. The results showed that there were three types of stoma in six investigated Rhododendron species, from which Pericytic stomata type exists in three species (Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum), Anomocytic stomatal type in Rh. Redowskianum, Diacytic stomata type in Rh. aureaum and Rh. schlippenbachii. The subsidiary cells of the Pericytic and Diacytic stomata type are different in shape and surface feature between the species, respectively. The ordinary epidermal cells show a variety from quadrangular to hexagonal, polygonal or irregular in surface view, the anticlinal walls are straight or sinuose. Trichomes (gland scales) are present in the both of the leaf sides in three species (Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum). All of these detail leaf features show specific specificity of leave finger print for 6 rhododendrons.展开更多
The evaporation curve is calculated for the Van-der-Waals and Berthelot gases. It was shown that the evaporation curve of real gases resides between those of Van-der-Waals and Berthelot gases. The generalized Van-der-...The evaporation curve is calculated for the Van-der-Waals and Berthelot gases. It was shown that the evaporation curve of real gases resides between those of Van-der-Waals and Berthelot gases. The generalized Van-der-Waals-Berthelot equation is suggested, which not only qualitatively but also quantitatively describes evaporation curves of real gases. It was also shown that the generalized Van-der-Waals and Berthelot equation well describes other characteristics of real gases.展开更多
We consider the minimal conformaJ model describing the tricritical Ising model on the disk and on the upper half plane. Using the coulomb-gas formalism we determine its consistents boundary states as well as its one-p...We consider the minimal conformaJ model describing the tricritical Ising model on the disk and on the upper half plane. Using the coulomb-gas formalism we determine its consistents boundary states as well as its one-point and two-point correlation functions.展开更多
Greenhouse gas emissions are the main cause of today's climate change. To address this problem, the world is in an era of new round energy transformation, and the existing energy structure is being reformed. In th...Greenhouse gas emissions are the main cause of today's climate change. To address this problem, the world is in an era of new round energy transformation, and the existing energy structure is being reformed. In this paper, according to the Chinese government's action plan for coping with climate change, the China's wind energy sustainable development goals and development route are discussed, and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. Wind energy is currently a kind of important renewable energy with matured technology which can be scale-up developed and put into commercial application, and in this transformation, wind energy will play a key role with other non-fossil energy sources. The development and utilization of wind energy is a systematic project, which needs to be solved from the aspects of policy, technology and management. At present, China is in the stage of transferring from "large wind power country" to "strong wind power country", opportunities and challenges coexist, and the advantages of China's socialist system could be fully used, which can concentrate power to do big things and make contribution in the process of realizing global energy transformation.展开更多
During the energy crisis of the nation and normal day-to-day activities, biogas technology can be a potential alternative source of energy. Conventional biogas has considerably low output methane gas for a given organ...During the energy crisis of the nation and normal day-to-day activities, biogas technology can be a potential alternative source of energy. Conventional biogas has considerably low output methane gas for a given organic input. Considering the need for efficient biogas plant, SOWMS (solid organic waste managing system) has been designed and implemented on a trial basis by constructing community bin at ward number 4 of Gothatar VDC, Nepal. When composition of output biogas from the SOWMS was tested for five times, at different days, the average composition of gas was 55% methane and 35% carbon dioxide. The gas produced from 1 kg of waste is calculated to be 45 liters and pH value of slurry was found to be 7.8. These values indicate that designed system has good performance and that it can be optimized in the future research. Finally, this research work has some social implications that can have potential impact to uplift the society.展开更多
In this paper,the Tricomi problem and the generalized Tricomi problem for a quasilinear mixed type equation are studied.The coefficients of the mixed type equation are discontinuous on the line,where the equation chan...In this paper,the Tricomi problem and the generalized Tricomi problem for a quasilinear mixed type equation are studied.The coefficients of the mixed type equation are discontinuous on the line,where the equation changes its type.The existence of solution to these problems is proved.The method developed in this paper can be used to study more difficult problems for nonlinear mixed type equations arising in gas dynamics.展开更多
We discuss the warm inflation in the presence of standard scalar field model and modified Chaplyggin gas in brahe-world scenario. We consider weak and strong dissipative regimes with generalized dissipative coefficien...We discuss the warm inflation in the presence of standard scalar field model and modified Chaplyggin gas in brahe-world scenario. We consider weak and strong dissipative regimes with generalized dissipative coefficient. We extract various inflationary parameters. For example, we analyze the behavior of different ratios (ratio of dissipative co-efficient and Hubble parameter Г/3H, ratio of temperature and Hubble parameter T/ H, scalar-to-tensor ratio 'r) with respect to spectral index ns for the weak and strong dissipative regimes through parametric plotting. It is found that T/H and Г/3H satisfied the required conditions in both dissipative regimes. It is also noted that the spectral index (ns) ns=0.96+0.10-0.10 It is remarked here that our results are consistence with observational data WMAP7, WMAP9, and recent Planck data.展开更多
In this paper, the Riemann problem with delta initial data for the onedimensional system of conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy in zero-pressure gas dynamics is considered. Under the generalized Rankine-Hug...In this paper, the Riemann problem with delta initial data for the onedimensional system of conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy in zero-pressure gas dynamics is considered. Under the generalized Rankine-Hugoniot conditions and the entropy condition, we constructively obtained the global existence of generalized solutions which contains delta-shock. Moreover, the author obtains the stability of generalized solutions by making use of the perturbation of the initial data.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Korea Research Foun-dation and The Korean Federation of Science and Technology Socities Grant funded by Korea Government (MOEHRD, Basic Research Promotion Fund), (Project No. 032-4-1).
文摘Leaf epidermal fingerprints of six species of Rhododendron ( Rh. Aureaum, Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, Rh. Mucronulatum, Rh. Redowskianum, Rh. schlippenbachii) were observed by optical microscope with nail polish expression method in Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology of Ministry Education China in Northeast Forestry University in 2004. The leaf morphological features including of stomata types, characters of guard cells, subsidiary cells in lower epidermis were observed. And ordinary cells (in shape and anticlinal walls feature) as well as the trichomes in both sides of the leaves are described in detail. The results showed that there were three types of stoma in six investigated Rhododendron species, from which Pericytic stomata type exists in three species (Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum), Anomocytic stomatal type in Rh. Redowskianum, Diacytic stomata type in Rh. aureaum and Rh. schlippenbachii. The subsidiary cells of the Pericytic and Diacytic stomata type are different in shape and surface feature between the species, respectively. The ordinary epidermal cells show a variety from quadrangular to hexagonal, polygonal or irregular in surface view, the anticlinal walls are straight or sinuose. Trichomes (gland scales) are present in the both of the leaf sides in three species (Rh. dauricum, Rh. micranthum, and Rh. mucronulatum). All of these detail leaf features show specific specificity of leave finger print for 6 rhododendrons.
文摘The evaporation curve is calculated for the Van-der-Waals and Berthelot gases. It was shown that the evaporation curve of real gases resides between those of Van-der-Waals and Berthelot gases. The generalized Van-der-Waals-Berthelot equation is suggested, which not only qualitatively but also quantitatively describes evaporation curves of real gases. It was also shown that the generalized Van-der-Waals and Berthelot equation well describes other characteristics of real gases.
文摘We consider the minimal conformaJ model describing the tricritical Ising model on the disk and on the upper half plane. Using the coulomb-gas formalism we determine its consistents boundary states as well as its one-point and two-point correlation functions.
文摘Greenhouse gas emissions are the main cause of today's climate change. To address this problem, the world is in an era of new round energy transformation, and the existing energy structure is being reformed. In this paper, according to the Chinese government's action plan for coping with climate change, the China's wind energy sustainable development goals and development route are discussed, and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. Wind energy is currently a kind of important renewable energy with matured technology which can be scale-up developed and put into commercial application, and in this transformation, wind energy will play a key role with other non-fossil energy sources. The development and utilization of wind energy is a systematic project, which needs to be solved from the aspects of policy, technology and management. At present, China is in the stage of transferring from "large wind power country" to "strong wind power country", opportunities and challenges coexist, and the advantages of China's socialist system could be fully used, which can concentrate power to do big things and make contribution in the process of realizing global energy transformation.
文摘During the energy crisis of the nation and normal day-to-day activities, biogas technology can be a potential alternative source of energy. Conventional biogas has considerably low output methane gas for a given organic input. Considering the need for efficient biogas plant, SOWMS (solid organic waste managing system) has been designed and implemented on a trial basis by constructing community bin at ward number 4 of Gothatar VDC, Nepal. When composition of output biogas from the SOWMS was tested for five times, at different days, the average composition of gas was 55% methane and 35% carbon dioxide. The gas produced from 1 kg of waste is calculated to be 45 liters and pH value of slurry was found to be 7.8. These values indicate that designed system has good performance and that it can be optimized in the future research. Finally, this research work has some social implications that can have potential impact to uplift the society.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10531020)the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2006CB805902)+1 种基金the Doctorial Program Foundation of the Ministry of Education of Chinathe Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality
文摘In this paper,the Tricomi problem and the generalized Tricomi problem for a quasilinear mixed type equation are studied.The coefficients of the mixed type equation are discontinuous on the line,where the equation changes its type.The existence of solution to these problems is proved.The method developed in this paper can be used to study more difficult problems for nonlinear mixed type equations arising in gas dynamics.
文摘We discuss the warm inflation in the presence of standard scalar field model and modified Chaplyggin gas in brahe-world scenario. We consider weak and strong dissipative regimes with generalized dissipative coefficient. We extract various inflationary parameters. For example, we analyze the behavior of different ratios (ratio of dissipative co-efficient and Hubble parameter Г/3H, ratio of temperature and Hubble parameter T/ H, scalar-to-tensor ratio 'r) with respect to spectral index ns for the weak and strong dissipative regimes through parametric plotting. It is found that T/H and Г/3H satisfied the required conditions in both dissipative regimes. It is also noted that the spectral index (ns) ns=0.96+0.10-0.10 It is remarked here that our results are consistence with observational data WMAP7, WMAP9, and recent Planck data.
基金supported by the TianY uan Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11226171)the Research Award Fund for Young Teachers in Shanghai Higher Education Institutions(No.shdj008)the Discipline Construction of Equipment Manufacturing System Optimization Calculation(No.13XKJC01)
文摘In this paper, the Riemann problem with delta initial data for the onedimensional system of conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy in zero-pressure gas dynamics is considered. Under the generalized Rankine-Hugoniot conditions and the entropy condition, we constructively obtained the global existence of generalized solutions which contains delta-shock. Moreover, the author obtains the stability of generalized solutions by making use of the perturbation of the initial data.