Objective: To explore effective ways of conducting STD/AIDS health education among female commercial sex workers in entertainment establishments and to promote implementation of an 100% condom use programme. Methods: ...Objective: To explore effective ways of conducting STD/AIDS health education among female commercial sex workers in entertainment establishments and to promote implementation of an 100% condom use programme. Methods: In-depth interviews were carried out to collect qualitative information about demographic characteristics, STD/AIDS knowledge, attitude and risk behaviors of female sex workers. Female sex workers were selected by sampling and were given baseline survey and assessment after intervention. Based on the results of the interviews, a questionnaire was developed, and intervention measures were determined. These measures included face-to-face interviewing, counseling, and distribution of STD/AIDS information and condoms. Results: 196 and 182 female sex workers of the same population were interviewed separately before and after intervention. STDs/AIDS knowledge had significantly increased after one year's intervention (P <0.01). Knowledge increased in both the intervention group and the non-intervention group but the increase was more significant among sex workers who received the intervention. Risk behaviors remained at baseline levels in both groups. Conclusion: STD/AIDS health education among female sex workers in entertainment establishments was effective and may benefit society, but the strategies need to be adjusted to the female sex workers' lifestyles, particularly their high rates of mobility and high-risk behaviors.展开更多
Fully homomorphic encryption is faced with two problems now. One is candidate fully homomorphic encryption schemes are few. Another is that the efficiency of fully homomorphic encryption is a big question. In this pap...Fully homomorphic encryption is faced with two problems now. One is candidate fully homomorphic encryption schemes are few. Another is that the efficiency of fully homomorphic encryption is a big question. In this paper, we propose a fully homomorphic encryption scheme based on LWE, which has better key size. Our main contributions are： （1） According to the binary-LWE recently, we choose secret key from binary set and modify the basic encryption scheme proposed in Linder and Peikert in 2010. We propose a fully homomorphic encryption scheme based on the new basic encryption scheme. We analyze the correctness and give the proof of the security of our scheme. The public key, evaluation keys and tensored ciphertext have better size in our scheme. （2） Estimating parameters for fully homomorphic encryption scheme is an important work. We estimate the concert parameters for our scheme. We compare these parameters between our scheme and Bral2 scheme. Our scheme have public key and private key that smaller by a factor of about logq than in Bral2 scheme. Tensored ciphertext in our scheme is smaller by a factor of about log2q than in Bral2 scheme. Key switching matrix in our scheme is smaller by a factor of about log3q than in Bra12 scheme.展开更多
Teasing can be approached as a linguistic resource for examining the interpersonal issues of im/politeness and face,or as a discursive strategy for displaying relationships or constructing social identities.However,st...Teasing can be approached as a linguistic resource for examining the interpersonal issues of im/politeness and face,or as a discursive strategy for displaying relationships or constructing social identities.However,studies have underestimated the discursive constraints of teasing in specific contexts.Meanwhile,a majority of teasing studies were based on Western cultures and did not pay sufficient attention to the variety of teasing across cultures.By collecting data from two Chinese entertainment interviews,where the interviewer employs teasing frequently for performing institutional roles,this study examined how teasing functions to assist the interviewer to complete communicative goals,and explored the discursive constraints of teasing in media context.Data analysis exemplified how teasing helped the interviewer to manage an interview event,obtain the guest’s disclosure and seek audience involvement,helping to construct the interviewer’s professionality.Implications for understanding the discursive features of teasing in the Chinese media context were addressed.展开更多
Based on the technology acceptance model （TAM） as the foundation, according to the function of mobile phone reading, the hardware design characteristics, software design characteristics, perceived entertainment, per...Based on the technology acceptance model （TAM） as the foundation, according to the function of mobile phone reading, the hardware design characteristics, software design characteristics, perceived entertainment, perceived risk and perceived price, adding them to the user behavior model, and modify the TAM model. By self-designed questionnaire, taking college students for social mobile phone reading using behavior survey, using SPSS19.0, AMOS21.0 to validate modified TAM model. The empirical results show that hardware design characteristics, software design characteristics, perceived ease of use have significant positive influence on user behavior, while perceived entertainment, perceived risk, have no significant influence on user behavior, behavior Intention has positive influence on user actual behavior.展开更多
Liao songs are the cultural and artistic products brewed by the people of Zhuang ethnic minority for thousand years. In this paper, the style and characteristics of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with m...Liao songs are the cultural and artistic products brewed by the people of Zhuang ethnic minority for thousand years. In this paper, the style and characteristics of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice in Guangxi are mainly introduced through an analysis of vocal music and the study on the performance forms, singing language characteristics, and vocal music and resonance is mainly included, and also the important significance of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice is discussed. Also, it is compared with the modern Chinese folk singing styles.展开更多
The performance and composition of traditional choral music were championed and dominated by women. Unfortunately, the involvement of women in the practice of art music, specifically theory and composition in Ghana ha...The performance and composition of traditional choral music were championed and dominated by women. Unfortunately, the involvement of women in the practice of art music, specifically theory and composition in Ghana has been observed to be absent or very minimal, the cause of which is problematic to identify. This paper examines why women have been passive in the performance and composition of this musical genre, and suggests avenues for improvement in the situation. Fifteen women across various musical genres： Traditional, Art and Popular were interviewed to ascertain this fact. The results will serve as an aid for an improvement of this unfortunate situation in Ghana.展开更多
This paper proposes new ways to understand the sense of universality in music through a reflection and analysis of George Crumb＇s Black Angels （Images 1）： Thirteen lmages from the Dark Land, one of the defining mu...This paper proposes new ways to understand the sense of universality in music through a reflection and analysis of George Crumb＇s Black Angels （Images 1）： Thirteen lmages from the Dark Land, one of the defining musical expressions of the Vietnam War era. It centers on an analysis of the relationship of the body/self to an ＂ecology of war＂ produced through Crumb＇s music that renders these selves indistinct within this musical geography. The selves that inhabit Black Angels could be that of anybody in particular since Crumb seeks to invoke in his music the primeval experience of terror that inhabits in all of us as the inheritors of mankind＇s violence. This sense of the universal militates against the desirable qualities of popular music that rely on the production of autonomous and singular selves that make the distinction between enemy and friend possible and distinct. We focus on Crumb＇s use of archaisms, his construction of time in this piece, and the author＇s overall purpose to invoke a time of war rather than to reflect the conditions of war, in order to delineate the contours of the universal time and space producing the undifferentiated primeval self of war. We conclude that although Crumb＇s rejection of the national self deprives the piece of a salient place in the popular cannon of the war, it has left an intellectual legacy on the times of the Vietnam War that deserves to be preserved.展开更多
Generally, criticism on popular music is of both political and artistic nature. This paper is intended to investigate modem Chinese popular music in the artistic dimension. On one hand, through analysis and differenti...Generally, criticism on popular music is of both political and artistic nature. This paper is intended to investigate modem Chinese popular music in the artistic dimension. On one hand, through analysis and differentiation in light of the two persistent （and biased） conceptions, it is necessary to acknowledge the inevitability of popular music as an art. On the other hand, this paper aims to analyze specifically the ＂voice＂ in popular music in hope of presenting its unique aesthetic characteristics. Above all, a more comprehensive view and more diverse approaches are needed in the study of popular music展开更多
The custom of amusing the parents-in-law is one of the most important amusement contents of the civil marriage ceremony in the Chinese North Han, Hui, Dongxiang, Salar, Baoan and other several nationalities, and curre...The custom of amusing the parents-in-law is one of the most important amusement contents of the civil marriage ceremony in the Chinese North Han, Hui, Dongxiang, Salar, Baoan and other several nationalities, and currently it has fully been entertained in the minds of the people. Behind this ＂entertaining ceremony＂ of the festive colors hide the serious social expectations of our ancestors -- scrupulously abide by the filial piety and the sense of propriety, justice, honesty and honor. Through the dramatic performance methods in the wedding that ＂there is no degree of seniority for three days＂, ＂humiliate the parents-in-law＂ and ＂the father-in-law shoulders on back the danghter-in-law＂ and so on, they stress that these acts are the ＂sacrilege＂ that cannot be violated in the normal state of the society. The ways and means of ＂metaphor＂ in the ceremony of the ancestors are the means that many of the human groups adopt in the life etiquette and other ＂transition＂ etiquettes. In this regard, the anthropologist Victor Turner summarizes it as ＂liminality＂, and based on this theory, the author conducts an interpretive study of the metaphor behind the custom of amusing the parents-in-law.展开更多
Musical analysis enables us to study the various elements of a musical work, for example texture, m dynamics, or harmony （including tonality）. Thanks to musical analysis we are able to trace the compos technique, or...Musical analysis enables us to study the various elements of a musical work, for example texture, m dynamics, or harmony （including tonality）. Thanks to musical analysis we are able to trace the compos technique, or assess the artistic value of given work. In addition to traditional, descriptive methods of e it ody, onal music analysis, we can observe in 20th century the development of methods based on science （mathematics, otherwise statistics）. Such methodologies allow us to obtain a strict understanding of the structure of musical pieces Applying mathematical methods for musical analysis seems very reasonable in relation to the output of Frederic Chopin, due to large originality of the elements of musical pieces of this composer. Present paper was written as a result of research related to the applying of numerical method of analysis for exploring the tonal structure of Chopin＇s works. The author＇s research method enables a strict analysis of the chord＇s domination that can be classified under given key （range）--taking into consideration the harmonic functions. By the method of analysis we can get charts that depict whole diatonic vertical music material of the given piece. The main objective of the present study is to describe observations on the high uniqueness in the tonal construction of selected Chopin＇s mazurkas, especially, when compared to the miniatures of other composers of the first half of the 19th century and previously analyzed Chopin＇s pieces： etudes, preludes, and songs.展开更多
基金Supported by Jiangsu China/WHO 100% Condom Use Programme. Project Identifier:WP/ICPMSU3.5/001/RB/02
文摘Objective: To explore effective ways of conducting STD/AIDS health education among female commercial sex workers in entertainment establishments and to promote implementation of an 100% condom use programme. Methods: In-depth interviews were carried out to collect qualitative information about demographic characteristics, STD/AIDS knowledge, attitude and risk behaviors of female sex workers. Female sex workers were selected by sampling and were given baseline survey and assessment after intervention. Based on the results of the interviews, a questionnaire was developed, and intervention measures were determined. These measures included face-to-face interviewing, counseling, and distribution of STD/AIDS information and condoms. Results: 196 and 182 female sex workers of the same population were interviewed separately before and after intervention. STDs/AIDS knowledge had significantly increased after one year's intervention (P <0.01). Knowledge increased in both the intervention group and the non-intervention group but the increase was more significant among sex workers who received the intervention. Risk behaviors remained at baseline levels in both groups. Conclusion: STD/AIDS health education among female sex workers in entertainment establishments was effective and may benefit society, but the strategies need to be adjusted to the female sex workers' lifestyles, particularly their high rates of mobility and high-risk behaviors.
基金The first author would like to thank for the Fund of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education，the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and Ningbo Natural Science Foundation，the Chinese National Scholarship fund,and also appreciate the benefit to this work from projects in science and technique of Ningbo municipal.The third author would like to thank for Ningbo Natural Science Foundation
文摘Fully homomorphic encryption is faced with two problems now. One is candidate fully homomorphic encryption schemes are few. Another is that the efficiency of fully homomorphic encryption is a big question. In this paper, we propose a fully homomorphic encryption scheme based on LWE, which has better key size. Our main contributions are： （1） According to the binary-LWE recently, we choose secret key from binary set and modify the basic encryption scheme proposed in Linder and Peikert in 2010. We propose a fully homomorphic encryption scheme based on the new basic encryption scheme. We analyze the correctness and give the proof of the security of our scheme. The public key, evaluation keys and tensored ciphertext have better size in our scheme. （2） Estimating parameters for fully homomorphic encryption scheme is an important work. We estimate the concert parameters for our scheme. We compare these parameters between our scheme and Bral2 scheme. Our scheme have public key and private key that smaller by a factor of about logq than in Bral2 scheme. Tensored ciphertext in our scheme is smaller by a factor of about log2q than in Bral2 scheme. Key switching matrix in our scheme is smaller by a factor of about log3q than in Bra12 scheme.
基金supported by the Department of Education of Guangdong Province entitled innovation project “An Interpersonal Pragmatic Study of Humor in Chinese Broadcasting Context” (No.: 2017WQNCX042)Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics at Guandong Univerisity of Foreign Studies, China for the project of the frontier research and its theoretical innovation in interpersonal pragmatics (2018WZDXM006)+2 种基金China Scholarship Council (2018)participated in the Hungarian Academy funded MTA Lendulet (LP2017/5) project of Professor Dániel Z.Kádárthe support from the Chinese MOE Research Project of Humanities and Social Science (Project No.: 16JJD740006) conducted by Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies.
文摘Teasing can be approached as a linguistic resource for examining the interpersonal issues of im/politeness and face,or as a discursive strategy for displaying relationships or constructing social identities.However,studies have underestimated the discursive constraints of teasing in specific contexts.Meanwhile,a majority of teasing studies were based on Western cultures and did not pay sufficient attention to the variety of teasing across cultures.By collecting data from two Chinese entertainment interviews,where the interviewer employs teasing frequently for performing institutional roles,this study examined how teasing functions to assist the interviewer to complete communicative goals,and explored the discursive constraints of teasing in media context.Data analysis exemplified how teasing helped the interviewer to manage an interview event,obtain the guest’s disclosure and seek audience involvement,helping to construct the interviewer’s professionality.Implications for understanding the discursive features of teasing in the Chinese media context were addressed.
文摘Based on the technology acceptance model （TAM） as the foundation, according to the function of mobile phone reading, the hardware design characteristics, software design characteristics, perceived entertainment, perceived risk and perceived price, adding them to the user behavior model, and modify the TAM model. By self-designed questionnaire, taking college students for social mobile phone reading using behavior survey, using SPSS19.0, AMOS21.0 to validate modified TAM model. The empirical results show that hardware design characteristics, software design characteristics, perceived ease of use have significant positive influence on user behavior, while perceived entertainment, perceived risk, have no significant influence on user behavior, behavior Intention has positive influence on user actual behavior.
文摘Liao songs are the cultural and artistic products brewed by the people of Zhuang ethnic minority for thousand years. In this paper, the style and characteristics of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice in Guangxi are mainly introduced through an analysis of vocal music and the study on the performance forms, singing language characteristics, and vocal music and resonance is mainly included, and also the important significance of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice is discussed. Also, it is compared with the modern Chinese folk singing styles.
文摘The performance and composition of traditional choral music were championed and dominated by women. Unfortunately, the involvement of women in the practice of art music, specifically theory and composition in Ghana has been observed to be absent or very minimal, the cause of which is problematic to identify. This paper examines why women have been passive in the performance and composition of this musical genre, and suggests avenues for improvement in the situation. Fifteen women across various musical genres： Traditional, Art and Popular were interviewed to ascertain this fact. The results will serve as an aid for an improvement of this unfortunate situation in Ghana.
文摘This paper proposes new ways to understand the sense of universality in music through a reflection and analysis of George Crumb＇s Black Angels （Images 1）： Thirteen lmages from the Dark Land, one of the defining musical expressions of the Vietnam War era. It centers on an analysis of the relationship of the body/self to an ＂ecology of war＂ produced through Crumb＇s music that renders these selves indistinct within this musical geography. The selves that inhabit Black Angels could be that of anybody in particular since Crumb seeks to invoke in his music the primeval experience of terror that inhabits in all of us as the inheritors of mankind＇s violence. This sense of the universal militates against the desirable qualities of popular music that rely on the production of autonomous and singular selves that make the distinction between enemy and friend possible and distinct. We focus on Crumb＇s use of archaisms, his construction of time in this piece, and the author＇s overall purpose to invoke a time of war rather than to reflect the conditions of war, in order to delineate the contours of the universal time and space producing the undifferentiated primeval self of war. We conclude that although Crumb＇s rejection of the national self deprives the piece of a salient place in the popular cannon of the war, it has left an intellectual legacy on the times of the Vietnam War that deserves to be preserved.
文摘Generally, criticism on popular music is of both political and artistic nature. This paper is intended to investigate modem Chinese popular music in the artistic dimension. On one hand, through analysis and differentiation in light of the two persistent （and biased） conceptions, it is necessary to acknowledge the inevitability of popular music as an art. On the other hand, this paper aims to analyze specifically the ＂voice＂ in popular music in hope of presenting its unique aesthetic characteristics. Above all, a more comprehensive view and more diverse approaches are needed in the study of popular music
文摘The custom of amusing the parents-in-law is one of the most important amusement contents of the civil marriage ceremony in the Chinese North Han, Hui, Dongxiang, Salar, Baoan and other several nationalities, and currently it has fully been entertained in the minds of the people. Behind this ＂entertaining ceremony＂ of the festive colors hide the serious social expectations of our ancestors -- scrupulously abide by the filial piety and the sense of propriety, justice, honesty and honor. Through the dramatic performance methods in the wedding that ＂there is no degree of seniority for three days＂, ＂humiliate the parents-in-law＂ and ＂the father-in-law shoulders on back the danghter-in-law＂ and so on, they stress that these acts are the ＂sacrilege＂ that cannot be violated in the normal state of the society. The ways and means of ＂metaphor＂ in the ceremony of the ancestors are the means that many of the human groups adopt in the life etiquette and other ＂transition＂ etiquettes. In this regard, the anthropologist Victor Turner summarizes it as ＂liminality＂, and based on this theory, the author conducts an interpretive study of the metaphor behind the custom of amusing the parents-in-law.
文摘Musical analysis enables us to study the various elements of a musical work, for example texture, m dynamics, or harmony （including tonality）. Thanks to musical analysis we are able to trace the compos technique, or assess the artistic value of given work. In addition to traditional, descriptive methods of e it ody, onal music analysis, we can observe in 20th century the development of methods based on science （mathematics, otherwise statistics）. Such methodologies allow us to obtain a strict understanding of the structure of musical pieces Applying mathematical methods for musical analysis seems very reasonable in relation to the output of Frederic Chopin, due to large originality of the elements of musical pieces of this composer. Present paper was written as a result of research related to the applying of numerical method of analysis for exploring the tonal structure of Chopin＇s works. The author＇s research method enables a strict analysis of the chord＇s domination that can be classified under given key （range）--taking into consideration the harmonic functions. By the method of analysis we can get charts that depict whole diatonic vertical music material of the given piece. The main objective of the present study is to describe observations on the high uniqueness in the tonal construction of selected Chopin＇s mazurkas, especially, when compared to the miniatures of other composers of the first half of the 19th century and previously analyzed Chopin＇s pieces： etudes, preludes, and songs.
