Glaciers, with their unique and spectacular appearances and rich and varied terrain, have received widespread attention and become important tourist attractions. This paper uses the travel cost method to estimate the ...Glaciers, with their unique and spectacular appearances and rich and varied terrain, have received widespread attention and become important tourist attractions. This paper uses the travel cost method to estimate the recreational value of the glacier tourism resources of Yulong Snow Mountain(also called Jade Dragon Snow Mountain), which is the most developed glacier tourist attraction in China. First-hand information was obtained through field surveys, and the travel costs of visitors visiting the Yulong Snow Mountain glacier were calculated before the method was applied to evaluate the recreational value of the focal glacier resource. The results show that the Yulong Snow Mountain consumer surplus associated with its glacier resources in 2016 ranged from 645.59-3439.10 million CNY, and the total recreational value ranged from 1.97-8.17 billion CNY. Approaches allocating travel costs across multiple recreational sites, however, can vary, and there is large difference in estimated results depending on used approaches. Nevertheless, the results of the analysis can help understand the socio-economic value of glacier resources and provide a reference for their development and protection.展开更多
This article focuses on farm-tourist hosts and who they are in terms of education and competence. Gender is a central variable in the analysis. The analysis is based on an on-line survey of 448 farm tourist businesses...This article focuses on farm-tourist hosts and who they are in terms of education and competence. Gender is a central variable in the analysis. The analysis is based on an on-line survey of 448 farm tourist businesses conducted in spring 2009. In addition, a sample of women and men hosts on 19 farm tourism enterprises is interviewed. Women are more likely to be managers of farm tourism businesses, and have higher levels of formal education than men. Men are more likely to have vocational education, local attachment and competence obtained by growing up on a farm. Level of education does not have any significant impact on turnover, profitability and expected profit. As the businesses are small-scale and developed from the farms＇ material resources, the competence required is the ability to transform the farm resources into a tourist product. This competence might be achieved not only through formal educational, but also through previous work experiences, courses, networks, advisory services and daily experience. Interviews show that the hosts refer to their vocational backgrounds as important and relevant, and they refer to their practically obtained competence rather than to their educational backgrounds.展开更多
Farmhouse enjoyment is a newly-emerging tourism product which is developing rapidly in recent years. Farmhouse enjoyment tourism is beneficial for increasing farmers＇ incomes, and providing farmers with more employme...Farmhouse enjoyment is a newly-emerging tourism product which is developing rapidly in recent years. Farmhouse enjoyment tourism is beneficial for increasing farmers＇ incomes, and providing farmers with more employment by adjusting the industrial structure. Farmhouse enjoyment tourism has produced a huge social and economic impact. But it also has some shortages for the sustainable and stable development of farmhouse enjoyment. This article starts from the analysis of present situation of farmhouse enjoyment tourism in Shaanxi; points out the problems that appeared and proposes the corresponding measures, to help farmhouse enjoyment tourism to develop healthily and sustainably.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.41690143)the Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.SKLCS-OP-201602)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities from Nanjing Agricultural University,China (Grant No.SK2016033)
文摘Glaciers, with their unique and spectacular appearances and rich and varied terrain, have received widespread attention and become important tourist attractions. This paper uses the travel cost method to estimate the recreational value of the glacier tourism resources of Yulong Snow Mountain(also called Jade Dragon Snow Mountain), which is the most developed glacier tourist attraction in China. First-hand information was obtained through field surveys, and the travel costs of visitors visiting the Yulong Snow Mountain glacier were calculated before the method was applied to evaluate the recreational value of the focal glacier resource. The results show that the Yulong Snow Mountain consumer surplus associated with its glacier resources in 2016 ranged from 645.59-3439.10 million CNY, and the total recreational value ranged from 1.97-8.17 billion CNY. Approaches allocating travel costs across multiple recreational sites, however, can vary, and there is large difference in estimated results depending on used approaches. Nevertheless, the results of the analysis can help understand the socio-economic value of glacier resources and provide a reference for their development and protection.
文摘This article focuses on farm-tourist hosts and who they are in terms of education and competence. Gender is a central variable in the analysis. The analysis is based on an on-line survey of 448 farm tourist businesses conducted in spring 2009. In addition, a sample of women and men hosts on 19 farm tourism enterprises is interviewed. Women are more likely to be managers of farm tourism businesses, and have higher levels of formal education than men. Men are more likely to have vocational education, local attachment and competence obtained by growing up on a farm. Level of education does not have any significant impact on turnover, profitability and expected profit. As the businesses are small-scale and developed from the farms＇ material resources, the competence required is the ability to transform the farm resources into a tourist product. This competence might be achieved not only through formal educational, but also through previous work experiences, courses, networks, advisory services and daily experience. Interviews show that the hosts refer to their vocational backgrounds as important and relevant, and they refer to their practically obtained competence rather than to their educational backgrounds.
文摘Farmhouse enjoyment is a newly-emerging tourism product which is developing rapidly in recent years. Farmhouse enjoyment tourism is beneficial for increasing farmers＇ incomes, and providing farmers with more employment by adjusting the industrial structure. Farmhouse enjoyment tourism has produced a huge social and economic impact. But it also has some shortages for the sustainable and stable development of farmhouse enjoyment. This article starts from the analysis of present situation of farmhouse enjoyment tourism in Shaanxi; points out the problems that appeared and proposes the corresponding measures, to help farmhouse enjoyment tourism to develop healthily and sustainably.
