汉代乘传制度探讨

汉代的乘传制度是在先秦、秦代乘传制度基础上发展和完备起来的。这一制度基本上存在于整个汉代。乘传通常有四等;但亦有超常规的六乘传、七乘传。乘传级别固然由使用者的地位、身份决定,但事情的紧急程度也起重要作用。乘传主要是在有军国大事时使用,因而对汉朝的统治有着重要意义。但是由于制度的缺陷性,特别是王莽时期的滥用,使这一制度在实施过程中也出现了不少弊端,从而降低了它的作用。

刘贺“乘七乘传诣长安邸”考议

昌邑王刘贺自昌邑至长安行程中所乘"七乘传"当是七辆"乘传"之意。据汉代《厩律》,"乘传"是传车规格的一种,以"四马下足"作为牵引动力。命令刘贺"乘七乘传诣长安邸",有限制刘贺势力的用意。

《汉书·枚乘传》中“二十四郡、十七诸侯”考辨

《汉书·枚乘传》中"二十四郡、十七诸侯"的提法,对研究西汉时期政区地理的变迁具有重要参考价值。以前的研究都对此存在一定误解。二十四郡中应当包括东海与长沙二郡。十七诸侯指的则是未参与叛乱的诸侯总数。

秦代“都吏”研究——從里耶秦簡8-461“乘傳客”談起

里耶秦簡8-461更名方所載“乘傳客爲都吏”之“乘傳客”,本爲舊楚國職官名,“乘傳”或與其職守有關。從“乘傳客”到“都吏”,體現了改制後官名的變更,漢代所言“都吏循行”或與“乘傳”有關。秦代“都吏”之“都”或已經指稱“郡治所”,“都吏”指郡府的屬吏,其職掌包括“治從人者”“覆治”“監察舉劾”等。西漢“都吏”對秦代“都吏”有繼承也有明顯的發展。

交趾阮勤、何广传

阮勤,字必成。父河,字大河,世为交趾镇蛮府多翼县人。明永乐初,张辅平安南,河率先归附,以功授交趾云屯典史。十四年,奉贡来庭,太宗嘉之,赐以綵币筵宴,给敕遣还。宣德初,黎利反。河曰:“吾沐浴圣化,叨有禄仕二十年矣.可携贰易隳忠义耶?”遂绾县章,及儒学河泊印,挈家浮海,穷日夜趋钦州,乘传诣京师。宣宗鉴其诚,款赐袭衣、银钞,又赐居第宣武门,命光禄日给酒馔。既而调山西长子县典史,有惠政及民。

关中农村保存的古汉语

我在读古书的时候,发现关中农村中的很多词语,在古书上都能找出来,后来读一些旧书,知道是古代人早已有之的语言,现简述于后。 1.瓳墼(hu ji):《后汉书·周(纟亏)传》周(纟亏)在“建初中(后汉章帝年号,公元75——78年)为渤海太守,每赦令到郡,辄隐闭不出,光遗使属县尽决刑罚,乃始诏书。坐徵诣廷尉,免归。(纟亏)廉洁无资。

ONLINE PARSIMONIOUS LEAST SQUARES SUPPORT VECTOR REGRESSION AND ITS APPLICATION

A simple and effective mechanism is proposed to realize the parsimoniousness of the online least squares support vector regression （LS-SVR）, and the approach is called the OPLS-SVR for short. Hence, the response time is curtailed. Besides, an OPLS-SVR based analytical redundancy technique is presented to cope with the sensor failure and drift problems to guarantee that the provided signals for the aeroengine controller are correct and acceptable. Experiments on the sensor failure and drift show the effectiveness and the validity of the proposed analytical redundancy.

Unknown parameter’s variance-covariance propagation and calculation in generalized nonlinear least squares problem

The unknown parameter’s variance-covariance propagation and calculation in the generalized nonlinear least squares remain to be studied now, which didn’t appear in the internal and external referencing documents. The unknown parameter’s vari- ance-covariance propagation formula, considering the two-power terms, was concluded used to evaluate the accuracy of unknown parameter estimators in the generalized nonlinear least squares problem. It is a new variance-covariance formula and opens up a new way to evaluate the accuracy when processing data which have the multi-source, multi-dimensional, multi-type, multi-time-state, different accuracy and nonlinearity.

Estimation of mass transfer coefficient in ozone absorption by linear least square fitting and Simplex search methods

For physical ozone absorption without reaction,two parametric estimation methods,i.e.the common linear least square fitting and non-linear Simplex search methods,were applied,respectively,to determine the ozone mass transfer coefficient during absorption and both methods give almost the same mass transfer coefficient.While for chemical absorption with ozone decomposition reaction,the common linear least square fitting method is not applicable for the evaluation of ozone mass transfer coefficient due to the difficulty of model linearization for describing ozone concentration dissolved in water.The nonlinear Simplex method obtains the mass transfer coefficient by minimizing the sum of the differences between the simulated and experimental ozone concentration during the whole absorption process,without the limitation of linear relationship between the dissolved ozone concentration and absorption time during the initial stage of absorption.Comparison of the ozone concentration profiles between the simulation and experimental data demonstrates that Simplex method may determine ozone mass transfer coefficient during absorption in an accurate and high efficiency way with wide applicability.

Research on the File Encryption and Programming based on Matrix Transformation

Any linear transform matrix can be used to easily calculate a consistent form, and a plurality of conversion can be easily connected together by matrix multiplication. When performing file transfers, you can encrypt files matrix transformation. Article presents a matrix-based electronic document encryption and decryption algorithm, which relies on a special class of matrices combinatorial problems, the method to improve the security of electronic document system is feasible and effective, and finally give the source code and programming software.

Nonlinear correction of photoelectric displacement sensor based on least square support vector machine

A model of correcting the nonlinear error of photoelectric displacement sensor was established based on the least square support vector machine.The parameters of the correcting nonlinear model,such as penalty factor and kernel parameter,were optimized by chaos genetic algorithm.And the nonlinear correction of photoelectric displacement sensor based on least square support vector machine was applied.The application results reveal that error of photoelectric displacement sensor is less than 1.5%,which is rather satisfactory for nonlinear correction of photoelectric displacement sensor.

Improvement of Lagrangian relaxation performance for open pit mines constrained long-term production scheduling problem

Constrained long-term production scheduling problem(CLTPSP) of open pit mines has been extensively studied in the past few decades due to its wide application in mining projects and the computational challenges it poses become an NP-hard problem.This problem has major practical significance because the effectiveness of the schedules obtained has strong economical impact for any mining project.Despite of the rapid theoretical and technical advances in this field,heuristics is still the only viable approach for large scale industrial applications.This work presents an approach combining genetic algorithms(GAs) and Lagrangian relaxation(LR) to optimally determine the CLTPSP of open pit mines.GAs are stochastic,parallel search algorithms based on the natural selection and the process of evolution.LR method is known for handling large-scale separable problems; however,the convergence to the optimal solution can be slow.The proposed Lagrangian relaxation and genetic algorithms(LR-GAs) combines genetic algorithms into Lagrangian relaxation method to update the Lagrangian multipliers.This approach leads to improve the performance of Lagrangian relaxation method in solving CLTPSP.Numerical results demonstrate that the LR method using GAs to improve its performance speeding up the convergence.Subsequently,highly near-optimal solution to the CLTPSP can be achieved by the LR-GAs.

Application of artificial intelligent systems for real power transfer allocation

The application of various artificial intelligent(AI) techniques,namely artificial neural network(ANN),adaptive neuro fuzzy interface system(ANFIS),genetic algorithm optimized least square support vector machine(GA-LSSVM) and multivariable regression(MVR) models was presented to identify the real power transfer between generators and loads.These AI techniques adopt supervised learning,which first uses modified nodal equation(MNE) method to determine real power contribution from each generator to loads.Then the results of MNE method and load flow information are utilized to estimate the power transfer using AI techniques.The 25-bus equivalent system of south Malaysia is utilized as a test system to illustrate the effectiveness of various AI methods compared to that of the MNE method.

登高望远的审美心态——读王鹏运《八声甘州·送伯愚都护之任乌里雅苏台》

是男儿、万里惯长征,临歧漫凄然。只榆关东去,沙虫猿鹤,莽莽烽烟。试问今谁健者,慷慨着先鞭?且袖平戎策,乘传行边。老去惊心鼙鼓,叹无多忧乐,换了华颠。尽雄虺琐琐,呵壁问苍天。认参差、神京乔木,愿锋车、归及中兴年。休回首。

李贺词汇表

A（略）B【病容】自况。李贺,多病羸弱之身。【鬓影】鬓发问题。长期被寒宵药气熏染的李贺,鬓发斑白早凋。对此一生命早衰迹象,李贺诗中多有涉及：＂秋姿白发生,木叶啼风雨＂,＂吴霜点归鬓,身与塘蒲晚＂,＂壮年抱羁恨,梦泣生白头＂,＂终军未乘传,颜子鬓先老＂,＂归来骨薄面无膏,疫气冲头鬓茎少＂……由此,对＂美人梳头＂一类年轻女子浓密沉腻之美发的描写,李贺尤擅,行笔之时尤其周致内行。除春风吹拂之＂鬓影＂外,

Nonlinear multifunctional sensor signal reconstruction based on least squares support vector machines and total least squares algorithm

Least squares support vector machines (LS-SVMs) are modified support vector machines (SVMs) that involve equality constraints and work with a least squares cost function, which simplifies the optimization procedure. In this paper, a novel training algorithm based on total least squares (TLS) for an LS-SVM is presented and applied to multifunctional sensor signal reconstruction. For three different nonlinearities of a multifunctional sensor model, the reconstruction accuracies of input signals are 0.001 36%, 0.031 84% and 0.504 80%, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate the higher reliability and accuracy of the proposed method for multifunctional sensor signal reconstruction than the original LS-SVM training algorithm, and verify the feasibility and stability of the proposed method.

A Least-Squares Solution to Nonlinear Steady-State Multi-Dimensional IHCP

In this paper,the least-squares method is used to solve the Inverse Heat Conduction Problem(IHCP)to determine the space-wise variation of the unknown boundary condition on the inner surface of a helically coiled tube with fluid flow inside,electrical heating and insulation outside.The sensitivity coefficient is analyzed to give a rational distribution of the thermocouples. The results demonstrate that the method effectively extracts information about the unknown boundary condition for the heat conduction problem from the experimental measurements. The results also show that the least-squares method converges very quickly.

A novel construction method of QC-LDPC codes based on the subgroup of the finite field multiplicative group for optical transmission systems

According to the requirements of the increasing development for optical transmission systems,a novel construction method of quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check(QC-LDPC) codes based on the subgroup of the finite field multiplicative group is proposed.Furthermore,this construction method can effectively avoid the girth-4 phenomena and has the advantages such as simpler construction,easier implementation,lower encoding/decoding complexity,better girth properties and more flexible adjustment for the code length and code rate.The simulation results show that the error correction performance of the QC-LDPC(3 780,3 540) code with the code rate of 93.7% constructed by this proposed method is excellent,its net coding gain is respectively 0.3dB,0.55dB,1.4dB and 1.98dB higher than those of the QC-LDPC(5 334,4 962) code constructed by the method based on the inverse element characteristics in the finite field multiplicative group,the SCG-LDPC(3 969,3 720) code constructed by the systematically constructed Gallager(SCG) random construction method,the LDPC(32 640,30 592) code in ITU-T G.975.1 and the classic RS(255,239) code which is widely used in optical transmission systems in ITU-T G.975 at the bit error rate(BER) of 10-7.Therefore,the constructed QC-LDPC(3 780,3 540) code is more suitable for optical transmission systems.

Design of adiabatic two's complement multiplier-accumulator based on CTGAL

We propose a new design scheme for a Booth encoder based on clocked transmission gate adiabatic logic(CTGAL). In the new design the structural complexity of the Booth encoder is reduced while the speed of the multiplier is improved. The adiabatic two's complement multiplier-accumulator(MAC) is furthermore a design based on the CTGAL. The computer simulation results indicate that the designed circuit has the correct logic function and remarkably less energy consumption compared to that of the MAC based on complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) logic.