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凯恩斯乘数过程的三个图像
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作者 许研 王有贵 《上海理工大学学报》 CAS 北大核心 2011年第2期138-144,149,共8页
凯恩斯乘数理论几经修订,发展到现在已经出现了几种对乘数过程不同的描述.加之乘数理论本身也存在着定义含混不清、逻辑推导不严谨等问题,所以造成了人们对乘数过程的质疑或理解偏失.本文将已有的对凯恩斯乘数过程的描述归纳为三个图像... 凯恩斯乘数理论几经修订,发展到现在已经出现了几种对乘数过程不同的描述.加之乘数理论本身也存在着定义含混不清、逻辑推导不严谨等问题,所以造成了人们对乘数过程的质疑或理解偏失.本文将已有的对凯恩斯乘数过程的描述归纳为三个图像,详细列出了每个图像不同的前提条件及变量之间的因果次序.发现现有的批判凯恩斯乘数的观点正是源于对这些图像的混淆,并针对由此造成的误解进行了澄清和批驳. 展开更多
关键词 凯恩斯乘数 乘数过程 乘数图像 连续投资
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A Novel Algorithm of Solving the Optimal Slope on Rate-distortion Curve for the Given Rate Budget
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作者 蒋伟 杨俊杰 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2009年第3期259-263,共5页
Rate-distortion optimization greatly improves the performance of compression coding system so that it pervades all of the source coding from an informationtheoretic standpoint and for the design of practical coding sy... Rate-distortion optimization greatly improves the performance of compression coding system so that it pervades all of the source coding from an informationtheoretic standpoint and for the design of practical coding systems. For the case of rate-distortion optimization, Lagrange multiplier method provides the efficient and nearly optimal solution. In this paper, a fast and efficient algorithm is proposed to solve the optimal slope λ* of the rate-distortion curve at the given bit budget. Based on Lagrange multiplier method, the presented algorithm find λ* using the golden-ratio search. Compared with the Bisection method that only adapts to the system with the dense operational points on the rate-distortion curve, the proposed algorithm can be adapted to the system whether the operational points are populated densely or not. Thus it can be applied to both the wavelet coding system and the video coding standards such as H. 264, where Bisection method can not work well. In particular, the algorithm has been verified on the platform of the quadtree classified and trellis coded quantized (QTCQ) wavelet image compression system and the newest video coding standard H. 264. The experimental results are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm can improve the performance. A gain abour 0.6 - 0.7 dB can be achieved with the same rate in H. 264. In addition, it converges as fast as Bisection method, with almost the same ctinplexity. 展开更多
关键词 RATE-DISTORTION golden-ratio Lagrange multiplier method
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