目的:调查司机行业中乙型肝炎患病率。方法:对某运输公司346名司机进行乙肝五项检测,分析司机与其他行业职工乙肝患病率的差别。结果:检测司机348名中,乙肝表面抗原(HB sA g)阳性者106名(阳性率30.46%)。对照组303名,表面抗原阳性率3.96...目的:调查司机行业中乙型肝炎患病率。方法:对某运输公司346名司机进行乙肝五项检测,分析司机与其他行业职工乙肝患病率的差别。结果:检测司机348名中,乙肝表面抗原(HB sA g)阳性者106名(阳性率30.46%)。对照组303名,表面抗原阳性率3.96%(12/303)。结论:司机行业中乙肝患病率明显高于其他行业人群(P=2.0×10-18),各年龄组患病率无显著性差异。展开更多
AIM： To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus （HBV） genotypes in Iranian hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） carriers, chronic hepatitis B and cirrhotic patients. METHODS： A total of 109 HBsAg-positive p...AIM： To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus （HBV） genotypes in Iranian hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） carriers, chronic hepatitis B and cirrhotic patients. METHODS： A total of 109 HBsAg-positive patients were included in this study. HBV genotypes were determined by using INNO-LiPA methodology which is based on the reverse hybridization principle. RESULTS： The distribution of patients with different stages of liver disease was as follows： 95 （86.4%） chronic hepatitis, 11 （10%） liver cirrhosis, and 3 （2.7%） inactive carrier. Of the chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis patients, 26.4% were HBeAg-positive while 70% were HBeAg-negative. Genotype D was the only detected type found in all patients. CONCLUSION： Classifying HBV into genotypes has to be cost-effective and clinically relevant. Our study indicates that HBV genotype D prevails in the Mediterranean area, Near and Middle East, and South Asia. Continued efforts for understanding HBV genotype through international co-operation will reveal further virological differences of the genotypes and their clinical relevance.展开更多
AIM： To study the prevalence and clinical effects of occult HBV infection in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV.METHODS： Fifty chronic hemodialysis patients with negative HbsAg, and positive anti-HCV were inclu...AIM： To study the prevalence and clinical effects of occult HBV infection in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV.METHODS： Fifty chronic hemodialysis patients with negative HbsAg, and positive anti-HCV were included in the study. These patients were divided into two groups： HCV-RNA positive and HCV-RNA negative, based on the results of HCV-RNA PCR. HBV-DNA was studied using the PCR method in both groups.RESULTS： None of the 22 HCV-RNA positive patients and 28 HCV-RNA negative patients revealed HBV-DNA in serum by PCR method. The average age was 47.2±17.0 in the HCV-RNA positive group and 39.6±15.6 in the HCV-RNA negative group.CONCLUSION： The prevalence of occult HBV infection is not high in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV in our region. This result of our study has to be evaluated in consideration of the interaction between HBsAg positivity （8%-10%） and frequency of HBV mutants in our region.展开更多
Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection is prevalent in China. Approximately 600 million people have ever been infected by HBV. About 130 million are HBV chronic carders and 30 million HB patients. Among them, 50% of HBV ...Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection is prevalent in China. Approximately 600 million people have ever been infected by HBV. About 130 million are HBV chronic carders and 30 million HB patients. Among them, 50% of HBV carriers are caused by carrier mothers to born infants. Around 300 000 people died of liver disease including liver cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma each year and 50% of them died of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV infection is not only the health problem but also becoming a social problem. HBV chronic carriers and patients have endured the great pressure from disease burden and social discrimination. According to the report of the national screening program of HBV released by the ministry of health in 2008, China has taken many effective measures to control the HBV infection, including vaccine immunization program, strengthening the management of blood sources and blood productions, prevention of nosocomial HBV infection, strengthening health education on HBV infection and safe injection techniques. The implementation of HB vaccine immunization program, which China officially introduced into the national immunization program since 1992, has dramatically reduced the incidence of HBV infection among infants and children. Integrated with other interventions, the rate of HBV infection decreased gradually. According to the survey of the national screening program of HBV in 2006, compared with the incidence of HBV in 1992, the incidence rate of HBsAg positive has decreased 26.36%, the number of children who have ever been infected by HBV decreased 80 million since 1992. However some problems are still existing. The solutions of low rate of vaccination in rural areas and migration population, lacking of practical measures on management of hepatitis B patients, the occurrence of health care acquired HBV infection, and low rate of vaccination among high risk groups have also been recommended.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the two major ethnic groups in Kazakhstan. METHODS: A cross-sectional prospective study of HBV and HCV seropreva...AIM: To investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the two major ethnic groups in Kazakhstan. METHODS: A cross-sectional prospective study of HBV and HCV seroprevalence was performed among individuals born in Kazakhstan with no history of chronic hepatitis or liver disease. RESULTS: There were 290 volunteers (140 Russians and 150 Kazakhs) aged 10 to 64 years, males accounted for 46%. Active HBV infection (HBsAg positive) was present in 3.8%, anti-HBc in 30%. The prevalence was similar in females and males (33% vs 25%) (P = 0.18). The prevalence of anti-HBc increased from 19% in 10-29 years old volunteers to 53% in 50-years and older volunteers. The prevalence of HBV infection was higher in married than in single adults (38% vs 26%, respectively) (P = 0.2) and more common in Kazakhs (35%) than in Russians (24%) (P = 0.07). HCV infection was present in 9 subjects (3.2%), 5 of them also were positive for anti-HBc in the absence of HBsAg. CONCLUSION: The frequency of active HBV infection (3.8%) coupled with a high prevalence of HBV exposure in those > 50 years of age increases with age, which suggests that horizontal transmission likely relates tothe use of contaminated needles. The low prevalence of HCV infection suggests that HBV and HCV are acquired differently in this group of subjects.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains with a mutation at nt551 in surface gene among hepatitis B patients in Nanjing and its neighbourhood.METHODS: By using mutation-specific polymera...AIM: To investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains with a mutation at nt551 in surface gene among hepatitis B patients in Nanjing and its neighbourhood.METHODS: By using mutation-specific polymerase chain reaction (msPCR) established by our laboratory for amplifying HBV DNAs with a mutation at nt551, 117 serum samples taken from hepatitis B patients were detected.RESULTS: The results showed that 112 samples were positive for nt551A, 4 samples were positive for nt551G.One sample was positive for nt551T. No nt551C of HBV DNA was found. The incidence of HBsAg mutants with G,C, T, A at nt551 among 117 samples was 3.42%, 0%, 0.85%,95.73%, respectively.CONCLUSION: In Nanjing and its neighbourhood, hepatitis B patients are mainly infected with wild genotype HBV.The incidence of mutants with a mutation at nt551 in HBV genome is significantly lower than that in wild genotype HBV DNA (P＜0.01). The necessity of adding components of HBsAg mutants to HBV vaccine needs further investigation.展开更多
文摘目的:调查司机行业中乙型肝炎患病率。方法:对某运输公司346名司机进行乙肝五项检测,分析司机与其他行业职工乙肝患病率的差别。结果:检测司机348名中,乙肝表面抗原(HB sA g)阳性者106名(阳性率30.46%)。对照组303名,表面抗原阳性率3.96%(12/303)。结论:司机行业中乙肝患病率明显高于其他行业人群(P=2.0×10-18),各年龄组患病率无显著性差异。
基金Supported by Tehran Hepatitis Center, Keivan Virology Lab
文摘AIM： To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus （HBV） genotypes in Iranian hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） carriers, chronic hepatitis B and cirrhotic patients. METHODS： A total of 109 HBsAg-positive patients were included in this study. HBV genotypes were determined by using INNO-LiPA methodology which is based on the reverse hybridization principle. RESULTS： The distribution of patients with different stages of liver disease was as follows： 95 （86.4%） chronic hepatitis, 11 （10%） liver cirrhosis, and 3 （2.7%） inactive carrier. Of the chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis patients, 26.4% were HBeAg-positive while 70% were HBeAg-negative. Genotype D was the only detected type found in all patients. CONCLUSION： Classifying HBV into genotypes has to be cost-effective and clinically relevant. Our study indicates that HBV genotype D prevails in the Mediterranean area, Near and Middle East, and South Asia. Continued efforts for understanding HBV genotype through international co-operation will reveal further virological differences of the genotypes and their clinical relevance.
文摘AIM： To study the prevalence and clinical effects of occult HBV infection in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV.METHODS： Fifty chronic hemodialysis patients with negative HbsAg, and positive anti-HCV were included in the study. These patients were divided into two groups： HCV-RNA positive and HCV-RNA negative, based on the results of HCV-RNA PCR. HBV-DNA was studied using the PCR method in both groups.RESULTS： None of the 22 HCV-RNA positive patients and 28 HCV-RNA negative patients revealed HBV-DNA in serum by PCR method. The average age was 47.2±17.0 in the HCV-RNA positive group and 39.6±15.6 in the HCV-RNA negative group.CONCLUSION： The prevalence of occult HBV infection is not high in haemodialysis patients with chronic HCV in our region. This result of our study has to be evaluated in consideration of the interaction between HBsAg positivity （8%-10%） and frequency of HBV mutants in our region.
文摘Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection is prevalent in China. Approximately 600 million people have ever been infected by HBV. About 130 million are HBV chronic carders and 30 million HB patients. Among them, 50% of HBV carriers are caused by carrier mothers to born infants. Around 300 000 people died of liver disease including liver cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma each year and 50% of them died of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV infection is not only the health problem but also becoming a social problem. HBV chronic carriers and patients have endured the great pressure from disease burden and social discrimination. According to the report of the national screening program of HBV released by the ministry of health in 2008, China has taken many effective measures to control the HBV infection, including vaccine immunization program, strengthening the management of blood sources and blood productions, prevention of nosocomial HBV infection, strengthening health education on HBV infection and safe injection techniques. The implementation of HB vaccine immunization program, which China officially introduced into the national immunization program since 1992, has dramatically reduced the incidence of HBV infection among infants and children. Integrated with other interventions, the rate of HBV infection decreased gradually. According to the survey of the national screening program of HBV in 2006, compared with the incidence of HBV in 1992, the incidence rate of HBsAg positive has decreased 26.36%, the number of children who have ever been infected by HBV decreased 80 million since 1992. However some problems are still existing. The solutions of low rate of vaccination in rural areas and migration population, lacking of practical measures on management of hepatitis B patients, the occurrence of health care acquired HBV infection, and low rate of vaccination among high risk groups have also been recommended.
基金the Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service Department of Veterans AffairsPublic Health Service grant DK56338 which funds the Texas Gulf Coast Digestive Diseases Centerthe Eugene B. Casey Foundation and the William and Sonya Carpenter Fund, Baylor College of Medicine
文摘AIM: To investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the two major ethnic groups in Kazakhstan. METHODS: A cross-sectional prospective study of HBV and HCV seroprevalence was performed among individuals born in Kazakhstan with no history of chronic hepatitis or liver disease. RESULTS: There were 290 volunteers (140 Russians and 150 Kazakhs) aged 10 to 64 years, males accounted for 46%. Active HBV infection (HBsAg positive) was present in 3.8%, anti-HBc in 30%. The prevalence was similar in females and males (33% vs 25%) (P = 0.18). The prevalence of anti-HBc increased from 19% in 10-29 years old volunteers to 53% in 50-years and older volunteers. The prevalence of HBV infection was higher in married than in single adults (38% vs 26%, respectively) (P = 0.2) and more common in Kazakhs (35%) than in Russians (24%) (P = 0.07). HCV infection was present in 9 subjects (3.2%), 5 of them also were positive for anti-HBc in the absence of HBsAg. CONCLUSION: The frequency of active HBV infection (3.8%) coupled with a high prevalence of HBV exposure in those > 50 years of age increases with age, which suggests that horizontal transmission likely relates tothe use of contaminated needles. The low prevalence of HCV infection suggests that HBV and HCV are acquired differently in this group of subjects.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No. BJ2000039
文摘AIM: To investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains with a mutation at nt551 in surface gene among hepatitis B patients in Nanjing and its neighbourhood.METHODS: By using mutation-specific polymerase chain reaction (msPCR) established by our laboratory for amplifying HBV DNAs with a mutation at nt551, 117 serum samples taken from hepatitis B patients were detected.RESULTS: The results showed that 112 samples were positive for nt551A, 4 samples were positive for nt551G.One sample was positive for nt551T. No nt551C of HBV DNA was found. The incidence of HBsAg mutants with G,C, T, A at nt551 among 117 samples was 3.42%, 0%, 0.85%,95.73%, respectively.CONCLUSION: In Nanjing and its neighbourhood, hepatitis B patients are mainly infected with wild genotype HBV.The incidence of mutants with a mutation at nt551 in HBV genome is significantly lower than that in wild genotype HBV DNA (P＜0.01). The necessity of adding components of HBsAg mutants to HBV vaccine needs further investigation.
