MOST cases of encephalitis are caused by viruses but a few have an immunological basis, such as paraneoplastic encephalitis, with specific antibodies identified. One recently characterized encephalitis caused by antib...MOST cases of encephalitis are caused by viruses but a few have an immunological basis, such as paraneoplastic encephalitis, with specific antibodies identified. One recently characterized encephalitis caused by antibodies is anti-N- methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptor encephalitis. It is a form of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma and has recently been described.The NMDA receptor mediates excitatory neurotransmission. It is important for synaptic plasticity, and thus for higher function such as learning and memory. This disorder results in prominent psychiatric symptoms followed by a rapid decline of the level of consciousness, central hypoventilation, seizures, involuntary movements and dysautonomia.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study the character of mutants originating from Japanese encephalitis viruses and the relationship between the characterization of mutant strains and E protein expression. METHODS: Persistent infection w...OBJECTIVE: To study the character of mutants originating from Japanese encephalitis viruses and the relationship between the characterization of mutant strains and E protein expression. METHODS: Persistent infection was established with standard strains of Japanese encephalitis viruse, known as parental viruse, in a human hepatoma cell line, KN73. Cells were subcultured weekly using trypsinization techniques. Cell-associated viruses of persistently infected cells were collected by a freeze and thaw method. Virus titers were examined by plaque method using baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells. Indirect immunofluorescence assays were used to examine E and NS3 protein antigens. Western blot analysis was used to test expression of E and NS3 proteins. RESULTS: In the early phase (24 - 36 h) post-infection, virus titer in culture fluid from KN73 cells infected with parental viruses were 10(6) PFU/ml. They were 10(3 - 4) PFU/ml in the late phase (3 years) post-infection. The titer of cell-associated viruse was 10(2 - 3) PFU/ml. A virus super-infection assay found that virus titers in culture fluid from persistently infected KN73 cells acutely super- infected with parental viruses were much lower than that of culture fluids in acutely infected normal KN73 at the same phase. Indirect immunoflurescence assay revealed that the quantity of viral antigens in persistently infected KN73 cells was lower than that in acutely infected KN73 cells with parental viruses. Western blot analyses indicated that the molecular weights of E and NS3 proteins were 53 kD and 73 kD, respectively. Expression of NS3 protein in persistently infected KN73 cells was stable but expression of E protein was markedly suppressed. CONCLUSIONS: The virulence and reproduction of viruses obtained from persistently infected KN73 cells, which have some features of DI viruses and were involved in persistent infection, was lower than that of parental viruses. These mutants may have be related to the decrease in E protein expression.展开更多
文摘MOST cases of encephalitis are caused by viruses but a few have an immunological basis, such as paraneoplastic encephalitis, with specific antibodies identified. One recently characterized encephalitis caused by antibodies is anti-N- methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptor encephalitis. It is a form of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma and has recently been described.The NMDA receptor mediates excitatory neurotransmission. It is important for synaptic plasticity, and thus for higher function such as learning and memory. This disorder results in prominent psychiatric symptoms followed by a rapid decline of the level of consciousness, central hypoventilation, seizures, involuntary movements and dysautonomia.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study the character of mutants originating from Japanese encephalitis viruses and the relationship between the characterization of mutant strains and E protein expression. METHODS: Persistent infection was established with standard strains of Japanese encephalitis viruse, known as parental viruse, in a human hepatoma cell line, KN73. Cells were subcultured weekly using trypsinization techniques. Cell-associated viruses of persistently infected cells were collected by a freeze and thaw method. Virus titers were examined by plaque method using baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells. Indirect immunofluorescence assays were used to examine E and NS3 protein antigens. Western blot analysis was used to test expression of E and NS3 proteins. RESULTS: In the early phase (24 - 36 h) post-infection, virus titer in culture fluid from KN73 cells infected with parental viruses were 10(6) PFU/ml. They were 10(3 - 4) PFU/ml in the late phase (3 years) post-infection. The titer of cell-associated viruse was 10(2 - 3) PFU/ml. A virus super-infection assay found that virus titers in culture fluid from persistently infected KN73 cells acutely super- infected with parental viruses were much lower than that of culture fluids in acutely infected normal KN73 at the same phase. Indirect immunoflurescence assay revealed that the quantity of viral antigens in persistently infected KN73 cells was lower than that in acutely infected KN73 cells with parental viruses. Western blot analyses indicated that the molecular weights of E and NS3 proteins were 53 kD and 73 kD, respectively. Expression of NS3 protein in persistently infected KN73 cells was stable but expression of E protein was markedly suppressed. CONCLUSIONS: The virulence and reproduction of viruses obtained from persistently infected KN73 cells, which have some features of DI viruses and were involved in persistent infection, was lower than that of parental viruses. These mutants may have be related to the decrease in E protein expression.
