The similarities of the non-linear chemical （NLC） fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizaes from four producing areas and eight other traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） were calculated, using a systemic similarity cal...The similarities of the non-linear chemical （NLC） fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizaes from four producing areas and eight other traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） were calculated, using a systemic similarity calculation method proposed and three other main calculation ones （Euclidean distance, correlation coefficient and included angle cosine）. All of the correlation coefficient similarities of different TCMs are higher than 0.952, and the included angle cosines are all higher than 0.962. So, both the conelation coefficient and included angle cosine similarities are unable to be used as the criteria for quantitatively evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs. Although all of the Euclidean distance similarities of Berry Liquorices from four producing areas are less than 73, those of the other eight TCMs are all more than 180. The Euclidean distance cannot reflect the relative magnitudes of the feature differences in the NLC fingerprints very correctly. The systemic similarity method is the best among the four ones. All of the systemic similarities of Berry Liquorices from the four producing areas are higher than 0.962, while those of the other eight TCMs are all lower than 0.805, and the systemic similarity can reflect the differences between samples most faithfully, and can be used as a quantitative one evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs, by which TCM could be distinguished and evaluated quickly, simply and exactly.展开更多
Since Kyoto Protocol came into force on February 16, 2005, the endeavor by international society to combat the climate change has stepped into a new milestone. The greenhouse gas （GHG） abatement mechanisms in Kyoto ...Since Kyoto Protocol came into force on February 16, 2005, the endeavor by international society to combat the climate change has stepped into a new milestone. The greenhouse gas （GHG） abatement mechanisms in Kyoto Protocol have served a remarkable function but also been questioned during the practices of past three years about its environmental effectiveness. A lot of new international GHG emission reduction proposals are proposed from many new a.spects, some of which especially impose pressure on developing countries. So it is of great importance to research on these new proposals in time for negotiation beyond Kyoto and institution of Chinese relevant climate policies. As this paper focutses on the way of commitment distribution of mechanisms, the mechanisms here are categorized in one of two types： those distribute commitment based on countries and those based on sectors. Some of the typical mechanisms are selected to be analyzed comparatively, especially about their influence on developing countries,E-mail address： jiangdongmei@tsinghua.edu.cn展开更多
基金Project(2009GJD20033) supported by the National Science and Technology Ministry of China
文摘The similarities of the non-linear chemical （NLC） fingerprints of Radix Glycyrrhizaes from four producing areas and eight other traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） were calculated, using a systemic similarity calculation method proposed and three other main calculation ones （Euclidean distance, correlation coefficient and included angle cosine）. All of the correlation coefficient similarities of different TCMs are higher than 0.952, and the included angle cosines are all higher than 0.962. So, both the conelation coefficient and included angle cosine similarities are unable to be used as the criteria for quantitatively evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs. Although all of the Euclidean distance similarities of Berry Liquorices from four producing areas are less than 73, those of the other eight TCMs are all more than 180. The Euclidean distance cannot reflect the relative magnitudes of the feature differences in the NLC fingerprints very correctly. The systemic similarity method is the best among the four ones. All of the systemic similarities of Berry Liquorices from the four producing areas are higher than 0.962, while those of the other eight TCMs are all lower than 0.805, and the systemic similarity can reflect the differences between samples most faithfully, and can be used as a quantitative one evaluating the similarities of NLC fingerprints of TCMs, by which TCM could be distinguished and evaluated quickly, simply and exactly.
基金supported by National Ministry of Science and Technology about the project of Study on Designation and Countermeasures for China's participation in Sectoral and Regional Commitments of Emission Reduction (Grant No.2007BAC03A12).
文摘Since Kyoto Protocol came into force on February 16, 2005, the endeavor by international society to combat the climate change has stepped into a new milestone. The greenhouse gas （GHG） abatement mechanisms in Kyoto Protocol have served a remarkable function but also been questioned during the practices of past three years about its environmental effectiveness. A lot of new international GHG emission reduction proposals are proposed from many new a.spects, some of which especially impose pressure on developing countries. So it is of great importance to research on these new proposals in time for negotiation beyond Kyoto and institution of Chinese relevant climate policies. As this paper focutses on the way of commitment distribution of mechanisms, the mechanisms here are categorized in one of two types： those distribute commitment based on countries and those based on sectors. Some of the typical mechanisms are selected to be analyzed comparatively, especially about their influence on developing countries,E-mail address： jiangdongmei@tsinghua.edu.cn
