综采工作面顶板探煤厚钻机设计与应用

为保证综采工作面回采煤层煤炭资源的最大限度回收,利用现有钻探技术及装备结合井下的工作环境,设计出满足综采工作面回采煤层探顶煤厚需求的新型钻机。该综采工作面顶板探煤厚钻机的动力源为综采工作面现场的乳化液和气源。乳化液为钻机的油缸提供动力,气源为钻机和行走马达等提供动力。钻机采用架式回转机构,可以实现钻机水平与竖直在一定角度的自由回转。该钻机能进行折叠回收减小存放体积,能够在煤矿井下空间狭小的工况条件下应用。通过现场测试可知:工作面顶板探煤厚钻机测得19111工作面顶板煤厚平均值为12.8m,与前期人工钻探深度基本一致,满足工作要求。每个钻孔时间在5min左右,测试期间测试的总时长在70min左右。通常每个工作面每次钻孔仅需要钻探3~5个孔位,因此钻探需要耗时30~40min,相比传统人工钻孔效率提高30%左右。

Kinetics for Describing the Creaming of Protein-Stabilized O/W Emulsions by Multiple Light Scattering

In the present work, new kinetics to describe the creaming stability of oil-in-water emulsions determined by backscattering measurements （BS） is proposed. The emulsions assayed exhibited a different backscattering profiles regarding creaming destabilization hyperbolic and sigmoid one. Hyperbolic behavior can be described by a second order kinetics, where k_h could be equaled to a rate constant that describes the creaming process and its values would indicate the stability of emulsions. While for the sigmoid BS pattern, kinetics with two terms, is adequate to describe the creaming process in contrast to kinetics previously reported in the literature. The kh value has the same meaning as before, and ks indicates the delaying effect on the creaming rate.