The forming mechanism of microemulsion of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, alcohols,water and isooctane was studied, with particular emphasis on the effect of molecular weight andconcentration of alcohols. Phase diagram of t...The forming mechanism of microemulsion of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, alcohols,water and isooctane was studied, with particular emphasis on the effect of molecular weight andconcentration of alcohols. Phase diagram of the four components, alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfonate,water and isooctane, was used as a means of study, through which the microemulsion regions weredetermined. Phase diagram of sodium dodecyl sulfonate/n-pentanol/isooctane/water system at κ_m = 2(κ_m = W_(n-pentanol)/W_(SDS)) is presented. The variation of conductivities of differentmicroemulsion samples with water was measured. From the conductivities we investigated a change instructure from water droplets in oil (W/O) at low water content to liquid crystal at intermediatewater content and a stricture of oil droplets in water (O/W) at high water content.展开更多
Nano-assisted inclusion separation of alkali metals from basic solutions was reported by inclu sion-facilitated emulsion liquid membrane process. The novelty of this study is application of nano-baskets of calixcrown ...Nano-assisted inclusion separation of alkali metals from basic solutions was reported by inclu sion-facilitated emulsion liquid membrane process. The novelty of this study is application of nano-baskets of calixcrown in the selective and efficient separation of alkali metals as both the carrier and the surfactant. For this aim, four derivatives of diacid calix[4]-1,3-crowns-4,5 were synthesized, and their inclusion-extraction parameters were optimized including the calixcrown scaffold （4.4%, by mass） as the carrier/demulsifier, the commercial kero sene as diluent in membrane, sulphonic acid （0.2 mol.L-1） and ammonium carbonate （0.4 mol.L-1） as the strip and the feed phases, the phase and the treat ratios of 0.8 and 0.3, mixing speed （300 r.min-1）, and initial solute concentration （100 mg.L-1）. The selectivity of membrane over more than ten interfering cations was examined and the re sults reveled that under the optimized operating condition, the degree of inclusion-extraction of alkali metals was as high as 98%-99%.展开更多
The paraffin wax microemulsion was prepared from fully refined paraffin wax No.58-60 in the presence of a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant.The influence of manufacturing parameters on the particle diamete...The paraffin wax microemulsion was prepared from fully refined paraffin wax No.58-60 in the presence of a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant.The influence of manufacturing parameters on the particle diameter of paraffin wax microemulsion included the quantity of the emulsifier,the temperature and emulsification time,the stirring speed,the pH value and the auxiliary ingredient(cosurfactant).The test results showed that the temperature of emulsification had little effect on the particle size of paraffin wax microemulsion in a temperature range of 75-85 ℃.Other manufacturing parameters all had a great effect on the particle size of paraffin wax microemulsion.The optimum preparation conditions included:a w(emulsifier) of 6%,an emulsification temperature of 80 ℃,an emulsification time of 40 min,a pH value of about 8,and a stirring speed of 600 r/min,with n-amyl alcohol serving as the co-surfactant.Under these conditions,a translucent and baby blue paraffin wax emulsion was prepared with its particle size equating to 97 nm.展开更多
Removal of vegetal oil from wastewater using comercial resins in batch reactors processes is studied in present study. A traditional and patented type of three different surfactants was used for stabilizing of the emu...Removal of vegetal oil from wastewater using comercial resins in batch reactors processes is studied in present study. A traditional and patented type of three different surfactants was used for stabilizing of the emulsion phase. The results for the emulsion made by the synthesized surfactant showed much better stability and performance in the separation process compared to that by conventionally used Span 80. To determine the optimum operation conditions, the effect of several parameters such as initial oil concentration, amount of resin in the solid phase, adding or not a surfactant, resin type, and stabilizer concentration have been investigated. It was found that under the optimum conditions, more than 98% ofoil can be removed in a single batch process.展开更多
Microemulsions of both O/W and W/O types were formulated by using Brij76, Brij97 and Tween80 as nonionic surfactant and propanol or butanol as cosurfactant with isopropyl myristate oil and water. Low concentrations of...Microemulsions of both O/W and W/O types were formulated by using Brij76, Brij97 and Tween80 as nonionic surfactant and propanol or butanol as cosurfactant with isopropyl myristate oil and water. Low concentrations of sodium salts of hexanoic, decanoic, palmitic and stearic acids were added to the prepared microemulsions to assess their ability to enhance microemulsion stability. Solubilization capacity of microemulsions was estimated and compared with their conductivities at the same water content. Solubilization capacity for YweenS0-containing microemulsions was found to be lower than that of Brij containing microemulsions. Different effects of the ionic surfactants at the maximum solubilization capacity were observed in both O/W and W/O microemulsions. Microemulsion conductivity results showed that different ionic surfactants exerted minor and comparable effects regardless to the implemented nonionic surfactant. Analysis of solubilization conductivity revealed that the presence of ionic surfactant can improve microemulsion solubilization capacity and provided that optimum physicochemical properties for both surfactants are fulfilled. These properties have direct impact at the goodness of the interracial film.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. 299018).
文摘The forming mechanism of microemulsion of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, alcohols,water and isooctane was studied, with particular emphasis on the effect of molecular weight andconcentration of alcohols. Phase diagram of the four components, alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfonate,water and isooctane, was used as a means of study, through which the microemulsion regions weredetermined. Phase diagram of sodium dodecyl sulfonate/n-pentanol/isooctane/water system at κ_m = 2(κ_m = W_(n-pentanol)/W_(SDS)) is presented. The variation of conductivities of differentmicroemulsion samples with water was measured. From the conductivities we investigated a change instructure from water droplets in oil (W/O) at low water content to liquid crystal at intermediatewater content and a stricture of oil droplets in water (O/W) at high water content.
基金supported by Islamic Azad University (Shahreza Branch)Iran Nanotechnology Initiative Council
文摘Nano-assisted inclusion separation of alkali metals from basic solutions was reported by inclu sion-facilitated emulsion liquid membrane process. The novelty of this study is application of nano-baskets of calixcrown in the selective and efficient separation of alkali metals as both the carrier and the surfactant. For this aim, four derivatives of diacid calix[4]-1,3-crowns-4,5 were synthesized, and their inclusion-extraction parameters were optimized including the calixcrown scaffold （4.4%, by mass） as the carrier/demulsifier, the commercial kero sene as diluent in membrane, sulphonic acid （0.2 mol.L-1） and ammonium carbonate （0.4 mol.L-1） as the strip and the feed phases, the phase and the treat ratios of 0.8 and 0.3, mixing speed （300 r.min-1）, and initial solute concentration （100 mg.L-1）. The selectivity of membrane over more than ten interfering cations was examined and the re sults reveled that under the optimized operating condition, the degree of inclusion-extraction of alkali metals was as high as 98%-99%.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Funds (Project No. 21076025)
文摘The paraffin wax microemulsion was prepared from fully refined paraffin wax No.58-60 in the presence of a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant.The influence of manufacturing parameters on the particle diameter of paraffin wax microemulsion included the quantity of the emulsifier,the temperature and emulsification time,the stirring speed,the pH value and the auxiliary ingredient(cosurfactant).The test results showed that the temperature of emulsification had little effect on the particle size of paraffin wax microemulsion in a temperature range of 75-85 ℃.Other manufacturing parameters all had a great effect on the particle size of paraffin wax microemulsion.The optimum preparation conditions included:a w(emulsifier) of 6%,an emulsification temperature of 80 ℃,an emulsification time of 40 min,a pH value of about 8,and a stirring speed of 600 r/min,with n-amyl alcohol serving as the co-surfactant.Under these conditions,a translucent and baby blue paraffin wax emulsion was prepared with its particle size equating to 97 nm.
文摘Removal of vegetal oil from wastewater using comercial resins in batch reactors processes is studied in present study. A traditional and patented type of three different surfactants was used for stabilizing of the emulsion phase. The results for the emulsion made by the synthesized surfactant showed much better stability and performance in the separation process compared to that by conventionally used Span 80. To determine the optimum operation conditions, the effect of several parameters such as initial oil concentration, amount of resin in the solid phase, adding or not a surfactant, resin type, and stabilizer concentration have been investigated. It was found that under the optimum conditions, more than 98% ofoil can be removed in a single batch process.
文摘Microemulsions of both O/W and W/O types were formulated by using Brij76, Brij97 and Tween80 as nonionic surfactant and propanol or butanol as cosurfactant with isopropyl myristate oil and water. Low concentrations of sodium salts of hexanoic, decanoic, palmitic and stearic acids were added to the prepared microemulsions to assess their ability to enhance microemulsion stability. Solubilization capacity of microemulsions was estimated and compared with their conductivities at the same water content. Solubilization capacity for YweenS0-containing microemulsions was found to be lower than that of Brij containing microemulsions. Different effects of the ionic surfactants at the maximum solubilization capacity were observed in both O/W and W/O microemulsions. Microemulsion conductivity results showed that different ionic surfactants exerted minor and comparable effects regardless to the implemented nonionic surfactant. Analysis of solubilization conductivity revealed that the presence of ionic surfactant can improve microemulsion solubilization capacity and provided that optimum physicochemical properties for both surfactants are fulfilled. These properties have direct impact at the goodness of the interracial film.
