The modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared from the C9petroleum resin was modified with maleic anhydride.The effects of maleic rosin and maleic anhydride addition level,the modification time and the alkali liquor ...The modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared from the C9petroleum resin was modified with maleic anhydride.The effects of maleic rosin and maleic anhydride addition level,the modification time and the alkali liquor on the properties of the emulsion were discussed.The results showed that the optimum process conditions covered:a maleic anhydride mass fraction of 1.5%,a maleic rosin mass fraction of 10%,a KOH mass fraction of 1%,a petroleum resin modification temperature of 200℃,a petroleum resin modification duration of 3 h,and a modified petroleum resin emulsion/wax emulsion mixing ratio of 1:1.The particle size of modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared under these conditions was equal to 104.166μm.展开更多
Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) locally injected into mammary glands of VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits on proliferation of lymph nodal metastatic cells. Methods: Twenty-one VX...Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) locally injected into mammary glands of VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits on proliferation of lymph nodal metastatic cells. Methods: Twenty-one VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups. Rabbits were randomized to receive sham treatment (Group I), subcutaneous LADR around tumor (Group Ⅱ) and intravenous free adriamycin (Group Ⅲ), respectively. Breast tumor and axillary lymph nodes were harvested after 3 repeated treatment. Nodal sizes of both pre-and post-treatment were measured. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA in both tumor and lymph nodes were determined by RT-PCR. Results: The mean size of axillary lymph nodes in Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased by 3.70%, 1.55% and 2.89%, respectively, with significant difference between Group Ⅲ and I (P=-0.004) and between Group Ⅱ and Ⅲ(P=-0.002). Relative expression values of PCNA mRNA in breast tumors of Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 0.486, 0.513 and 0.396, respectively. For Group Ⅲ, PCNA mRNA was significantly less expressed than that in Group I (P=-0.023) and Ⅱ(P=0.005). Relative expression values of PCNA mRNA in axillary lymph nodes of Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 0.541, 0.329 and 0.450, respectively. Compared with Group I, Group Ⅲ showed a markedly decreased expression of PCNA (P=-0.021). The least level ofPCNA mRNA was found in Group Ⅱ, with a significant difference from that in Group Ⅲ(P=-0.004). Conclusion: Local injection of LADR was an effective therapeutic regimen for lymphatic metastases from breast cancer, regardless of its little effect on primary tumor.展开更多
OBJECTIVE In China, vinorelbine plus an anthracycline is a common neoadjuvant regimen for locally-advanced breast cancer (LABC). Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is an alternate anthracycline formulation with...OBJECTIVE In China, vinorelbine plus an anthracycline is a common neoadjuvant regimen for locally-advanced breast cancer (LABC). Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is an alternate anthracycline formulation with a more favorable safety profile compared with conventional anthracyclines. METHODS In this open-label trial, 61 women with LABC received up to 6 cycles of PLD 30 mg/m2 on Day 1 and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8 every 21 days. Hormone receptor and/or HER2 status was not routinely available. RESULTS The overall clinical response rate (primary efficacy endpoint) was 80% (95% CI: 68%-89%). Two patients achieved a pathological complete response (3%), with 75% having their tumor down-staged, and 89% proceeding to tumor resection. The most frequent nonhematologic adverse events were stomatitis, fever, rash, and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, with none considered serious. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 10% and 2% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION PLD plus vinorelbine demonstrated comparable efficacy to conventional anthracyclines plus vinorelbine in the neoadjuvant treatment of LABC, but may offer safety advantages.展开更多
Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of local injection of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) on the proliferation of lymph node metastases in rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma in the mammary gland. Methods:Thirty female ...Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of local injection of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) on the proliferation of lymph node metastases in rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma in the mammary gland. Methods:Thirty female New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups, with 10 in each. VX2 tumor mass suspensions were injected into the breast tissues of rabbits. Treatment initiated once the axillary lymph node reached 5 mm in the maximum diameter. Group 1 received a sham treatment. Group 2 received a subcutaneous injection of LADR adjacent to tumor. Group 3 received an intravenous injection of free ADR (FADR) at the same dose and concentration to group 2. The breast tumors and axillary lymph nodes were resected after the treatment was repeated 3 times. The tumor and node sizes before and after treatment were measured. PCNA mRNA expressions in breast tumors and axillary nodes were determined using RT-PCR. Results: The mean growth ratios of lymph nodes after treatment were 3. 70, 1. 55, and 2. 89,respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. The slowest node growth was observed in animals of group 2, with significant differences from group 1 (P<0. 001) and group 3 (P = 0. 002). The relative values of PCNA mRNA expression in lymph nodes were 0. 541, 0. 329,and 0. 450, respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. Group 2 exhibited a significantly reduced PCNA mRNA expression in metastatic lymph node, as compared to group 1 (P<0. 001) and group 3 (P = 0. 004). Intravenous FADR injection effectively lowered the mRNA expressions of PCNA in breast tumors, which were not apparently altered after local LADR injection. Conclusion: Local injection of LADR holds a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of metastatic tumor cells in lymph nodes and appears to be an effective method for the treatment of lymphatic metastases of breast cancer.展开更多
A study was conducted for the development of value added dahi by incorporating fruit pulps, cereal flour and whey proteins concentrate (WHC) to increase the nutritional and sensory quality. Value added dahi (VAD) ...A study was conducted for the development of value added dahi by incorporating fruit pulps, cereal flour and whey proteins concentrate (WHC) to increase the nutritional and sensory quality. Value added dahi (VAD) was prepared by using skim milk, oat flour and WPC. VAD with 1% oat flour, 1% whey protein concentrate was found to be highly acceptable by sensory evaluation and curd tension study. Statistically there was a highly significant difference (P 〈 0.05) between skim milk dahi (control) and VAD VAD scored highest sensory score for all the sensory parameters studied. Curd tension found to be markedly increased in value added dahi with increased firmness of the product. Value added stirred dahi was prepared with oat flour, whey protein concentrate, papaya, fig pulps and sugar with different combination in order to assess the suitable level of addition with maximum acceptability. Value added stirred dahi (VADl) with 1% oat flour, 1% WPC, 5% papaya pulp, 4% sugar combination was found to be acceptable among the other combinations. Storage studies evaluated by sensory score revealed that the value added dahi can be stored up to 7 days at 5 ^(2. A significant increase in acidity and decrease in pH were noticed in the VAD1 during the storage period but within the permissible limit. Statistical analysis revealed no significance difference (P 〉 0.05) in total count and yeast and mould count between VAD0 (control) and VADl during storage 5 ~C. Total yield of value added dahi increased along with cost of production due to increased cost of ingredients (fruits and whey protein concentrate) used for value addition.展开更多
Tumor metastasis emerges as a crucial target for tumor therapy. In this study, a tumor metastasis targeting peptide(TMT) was conjugated to a lipid material(PEG-DSPE) to obtain the targeting compound(TMT-PEG-DSPE...Tumor metastasis emerges as a crucial target for tumor therapy. In this study, a tumor metastasis targeting peptide(TMT) was conjugated to a lipid material(PEG-DSPE) to obtain the targeting compound(TMT-PEG-DSPE), which was used to construct the targeted liposomal doxorubicin(TMT-LS-DOX). We showed that TMT-LS-DOX presented satisfactory pharmaceutical characteristics. This metastasis-specific delivery system was tested in two highly metastatic breast cancer cell lines(MDA-MB-435S and MDA-MB-231) with a non-metastatic breast cancer cell line(MCF-7) as the control. The free TMT peptide itself showed no cytotoxicity even at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. Importantly, the enhanced cellular uptake of TMT-LS-DOX to both MDA-MB-435S and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was demonstrated as compared to MCF-7 cells, via a TMT-mediated mechanism demonstrated by a receptor competition study. In conclusion, the TMT modified nanocarriers might provide a strategy to enhance the specificity of chemotherapeutic agents to highly metastatic breast cancer.展开更多
文摘The modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared from the C9petroleum resin was modified with maleic anhydride.The effects of maleic rosin and maleic anhydride addition level,the modification time and the alkali liquor on the properties of the emulsion were discussed.The results showed that the optimum process conditions covered:a maleic anhydride mass fraction of 1.5%,a maleic rosin mass fraction of 10%,a KOH mass fraction of 1%,a petroleum resin modification temperature of 200℃,a petroleum resin modification duration of 3 h,and a modified petroleum resin emulsion/wax emulsion mixing ratio of 1:1.The particle size of modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared under these conditions was equal to 104.166μm.
文摘Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) locally injected into mammary glands of VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits on proliferation of lymph nodal metastatic cells. Methods: Twenty-one VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups. Rabbits were randomized to receive sham treatment (Group I), subcutaneous LADR around tumor (Group Ⅱ) and intravenous free adriamycin (Group Ⅲ), respectively. Breast tumor and axillary lymph nodes were harvested after 3 repeated treatment. Nodal sizes of both pre-and post-treatment were measured. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA in both tumor and lymph nodes were determined by RT-PCR. Results: The mean size of axillary lymph nodes in Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased by 3.70%, 1.55% and 2.89%, respectively, with significant difference between Group Ⅲ and I (P=-0.004) and between Group Ⅱ and Ⅲ(P=-0.002). Relative expression values of PCNA mRNA in breast tumors of Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 0.486, 0.513 and 0.396, respectively. For Group Ⅲ, PCNA mRNA was significantly less expressed than that in Group I (P=-0.023) and Ⅱ(P=0.005). Relative expression values of PCNA mRNA in axillary lymph nodes of Group I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 0.541, 0.329 and 0.450, respectively. Compared with Group I, Group Ⅲ showed a markedly decreased expression of PCNA (P=-0.021). The least level ofPCNA mRNA was found in Group Ⅱ, with a significant difference from that in Group Ⅲ(P=-0.004). Conclusion: Local injection of LADR was an effective therapeutic regimen for lymphatic metastases from breast cancer, regardless of its little effect on primary tumor.
文摘OBJECTIVE In China, vinorelbine plus an anthracycline is a common neoadjuvant regimen for locally-advanced breast cancer (LABC). Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is an alternate anthracycline formulation with a more favorable safety profile compared with conventional anthracyclines. METHODS In this open-label trial, 61 women with LABC received up to 6 cycles of PLD 30 mg/m2 on Day 1 and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8 every 21 days. Hormone receptor and/or HER2 status was not routinely available. RESULTS The overall clinical response rate (primary efficacy endpoint) was 80% (95% CI: 68%-89%). Two patients achieved a pathological complete response (3%), with 75% having their tumor down-staged, and 89% proceeding to tumor resection. The most frequent nonhematologic adverse events were stomatitis, fever, rash, and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, with none considered serious. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 10% and 2% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION PLD plus vinorelbine demonstrated comparable efficacy to conventional anthracyclines plus vinorelbine in the neoadjuvant treatment of LABC, but may offer safety advantages.
基金Supported by the grants provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30600597)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [No. 2005K09-G10(4)Science Technology Development Foundation of Xi'an (No. GG06167)
文摘Objective: To assess the inhibitory effects of local injection of liposomal adriamycin (LADR) on the proliferation of lymph node metastases in rabbits bearing VX2 carcinoma in the mammary gland. Methods:Thirty female New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups, with 10 in each. VX2 tumor mass suspensions were injected into the breast tissues of rabbits. Treatment initiated once the axillary lymph node reached 5 mm in the maximum diameter. Group 1 received a sham treatment. Group 2 received a subcutaneous injection of LADR adjacent to tumor. Group 3 received an intravenous injection of free ADR (FADR) at the same dose and concentration to group 2. The breast tumors and axillary lymph nodes were resected after the treatment was repeated 3 times. The tumor and node sizes before and after treatment were measured. PCNA mRNA expressions in breast tumors and axillary nodes were determined using RT-PCR. Results: The mean growth ratios of lymph nodes after treatment were 3. 70, 1. 55, and 2. 89,respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. The slowest node growth was observed in animals of group 2, with significant differences from group 1 (P<0. 001) and group 3 (P = 0. 002). The relative values of PCNA mRNA expression in lymph nodes were 0. 541, 0. 329,and 0. 450, respectively, in groups 1,2, and 3. Group 2 exhibited a significantly reduced PCNA mRNA expression in metastatic lymph node, as compared to group 1 (P<0. 001) and group 3 (P = 0. 004). Intravenous FADR injection effectively lowered the mRNA expressions of PCNA in breast tumors, which were not apparently altered after local LADR injection. Conclusion: Local injection of LADR holds a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of metastatic tumor cells in lymph nodes and appears to be an effective method for the treatment of lymphatic metastases of breast cancer.
文摘A study was conducted for the development of value added dahi by incorporating fruit pulps, cereal flour and whey proteins concentrate (WHC) to increase the nutritional and sensory quality. Value added dahi (VAD) was prepared by using skim milk, oat flour and WPC. VAD with 1% oat flour, 1% whey protein concentrate was found to be highly acceptable by sensory evaluation and curd tension study. Statistically there was a highly significant difference (P 〈 0.05) between skim milk dahi (control) and VAD VAD scored highest sensory score for all the sensory parameters studied. Curd tension found to be markedly increased in value added dahi with increased firmness of the product. Value added stirred dahi was prepared with oat flour, whey protein concentrate, papaya, fig pulps and sugar with different combination in order to assess the suitable level of addition with maximum acceptability. Value added stirred dahi (VADl) with 1% oat flour, 1% WPC, 5% papaya pulp, 4% sugar combination was found to be acceptable among the other combinations. Storage studies evaluated by sensory score revealed that the value added dahi can be stored up to 7 days at 5 ^(2. A significant increase in acidity and decrease in pH were noticed in the VAD1 during the storage period but within the permissible limit. Statistical analysis revealed no significance difference (P 〉 0.05) in total count and yeast and mould count between VAD0 (control) and VADl during storage 5 ~C. Total yield of value added dahi increased along with cost of production due to increased cost of ingredients (fruits and whey protein concentrate) used for value addition.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81130059)the National Research Fund for Fundamental Key Project(Grant No.2009CB930300)
文摘Tumor metastasis emerges as a crucial target for tumor therapy. In this study, a tumor metastasis targeting peptide(TMT) was conjugated to a lipid material(PEG-DSPE) to obtain the targeting compound(TMT-PEG-DSPE), which was used to construct the targeted liposomal doxorubicin(TMT-LS-DOX). We showed that TMT-LS-DOX presented satisfactory pharmaceutical characteristics. This metastasis-specific delivery system was tested in two highly metastatic breast cancer cell lines(MDA-MB-435S and MDA-MB-231) with a non-metastatic breast cancer cell line(MCF-7) as the control. The free TMT peptide itself showed no cytotoxicity even at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. Importantly, the enhanced cellular uptake of TMT-LS-DOX to both MDA-MB-435S and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was demonstrated as compared to MCF-7 cells, via a TMT-mediated mechanism demonstrated by a receptor competition study. In conclusion, the TMT modified nanocarriers might provide a strategy to enhance the specificity of chemotherapeutic agents to highly metastatic breast cancer.