Objective. To explore the changes of three- tone paradigm P300 and observe the improvement of the diagnostic sensitivity of P300 in aging dementia. Methods. Thirty- four patients of aging dementia underwent traditiona...Objective. To explore the changes of three- tone paradigm P300 and observe the improvement of the diagnostic sensitivity of P300 in aging dementia. Methods. Thirty- four patients of aging dementia underwent traditional P300 (2t- P300) and three- tone paradigm auditory P300 (3t- P300). The results of these two methods were compared. Results. Abnormal P300 was found in 18 of 34 dementia cases (52.9％ ) by 2t- P300, and in 26 of 30 patients who finished the 3t- P300 tests (86.7％ ). In 2t- P300, 9 of 24 mild cases, 7 of 8 moderate cases and 2 severe cases showed abnormal results. In 3t- P300, 20 of 24 mild cases and all 6 moderate cases showed abnormal results. Abnormal 3t- P300 was found in 13 of 16 cases which showed normal 2t- P300. Besides prolonged and bad- shaped P300, no certain response of P300 to rare non- target stimulus (r- nT) was found in 10 mild cases by 3t- P300. Conclusion. Three- tone paradigm auditory P300 had higher sensitivity in early diagnosis of aging dementia than traditional auditory P300. No P300 response to r- nT in 3t- P300 is an important index in early diagnosis of mild dementia.展开更多
Objective:To explore the mechanism of acupuncture in regulating cognitive deficits in insomnia rats by observing the effect of acupuncture on microglia in thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN).Methods:Thirty rats were rando...Objective:To explore the mechanism of acupuncture in regulating cognitive deficits in insomnia rats by observing the effect of acupuncture on microglia in thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN).Methods:Thirty rats were randomly divided into a control group,a model group and an acupuncture group,with 10 rats in each group.The insomnia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)once a day for 2 d.Rats in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline.Rats in the acupuncture group received acupuncture at Neiguan(PC 6)and Zusanli(ST 36)for 5 consecutive days.The CLOCKLAB 2 data acquisition system was used to dynamically observe the sleep of the rats throughout the experiment.The cognition of rats was evaluated by event-related potentials(ERPs).After intervention,brain tissue was extracted.Immunofluorescence was used to test the fluorescence expression in TRN region.The concentrations of interleukin(IL)-1βand tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:After intraperitoneal injection of PCPA suspension,the spontaneous activity in light period of rats in the model group and acupuncture group increased significantly compared with the control group(both P<0.01).After acupuncture treatment,the rats in the acupuncture group had much less spontaneous activity during the light period than those in the model group(P<0.01),and the results indicated that acupuncture could effectively improve the sleep quality of insomnia rats.Compared with the control group,rats in the model group showed that the P3 latency,the average optical density of microglia,and the concentrations of IL-1βand TNF-αincreased significantly(all P<0.05),and the P3 amplitude decreased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,rats in the acupuncture group presented that the P3 latency,the average optical density of microglia,and the concentrations of IL-1βand TNF-αwere significantly decreased(all P<0.05),and the amplitude of P3 was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture possesses an ability to improve the cognitive state in insomnia rats.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the microglial activation,diminishing the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1βand TNF-α,and promoting the recovery of central nervous system function.展开更多
The processing of relative clauses receives much concern from linguists. The finding that object relatives are easier to process than subiect relatives in Chinese challenges the notion that subject relative clauses ar...The processing of relative clauses receives much concern from linguists. The finding that object relatives are easier to process than subiect relatives in Chinese challenges the notion that subject relative clauses are preferred universally. A large body of literature provides theories related to sentence processing mechanisms for native speakers but leaves one area relatively untouched： how bilinguals process sentences. This study is designed to examine the case where the individuals with a Chinese L1 language background process subject-extracted subject relative clauses （SS） and subject-extracted object relative clauses （SO） by using event- related potentials （ERPs） to probe into the real-time language processing and presents a direct manifestation of brain activity. The findings from this study support the subject relative clause preference due to the strong influence of English relative clause markedness and bilinguals＇ relative lower working memory capacity.展开更多
文摘Objective. To explore the changes of three- tone paradigm P300 and observe the improvement of the diagnostic sensitivity of P300 in aging dementia. Methods. Thirty- four patients of aging dementia underwent traditional P300 (2t- P300) and three- tone paradigm auditory P300 (3t- P300). The results of these two methods were compared. Results. Abnormal P300 was found in 18 of 34 dementia cases (52.9％ ) by 2t- P300, and in 26 of 30 patients who finished the 3t- P300 tests (86.7％ ). In 2t- P300, 9 of 24 mild cases, 7 of 8 moderate cases and 2 severe cases showed abnormal results. In 3t- P300, 20 of 24 mild cases and all 6 moderate cases showed abnormal results. Abnormal 3t- P300 was found in 13 of 16 cases which showed normal 2t- P300. Besides prolonged and bad- shaped P300, no certain response of P300 to rare non- target stimulus (r- nT) was found in 10 mild cases by 3t- P300. Conclusion. Three- tone paradigm auditory P300 had higher sensitivity in early diagnosis of aging dementia than traditional auditory P300. No P300 response to r- nT in 3t- P300 is an important index in early diagnosis of mild dementia.
文摘Objective:To explore the mechanism of acupuncture in regulating cognitive deficits in insomnia rats by observing the effect of acupuncture on microglia in thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN).Methods:Thirty rats were randomly divided into a control group,a model group and an acupuncture group,with 10 rats in each group.The insomnia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)once a day for 2 d.Rats in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline.Rats in the acupuncture group received acupuncture at Neiguan(PC 6)and Zusanli(ST 36)for 5 consecutive days.The CLOCKLAB 2 data acquisition system was used to dynamically observe the sleep of the rats throughout the experiment.The cognition of rats was evaluated by event-related potentials(ERPs).After intervention,brain tissue was extracted.Immunofluorescence was used to test the fluorescence expression in TRN region.The concentrations of interleukin(IL)-1βand tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αwere detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:After intraperitoneal injection of PCPA suspension,the spontaneous activity in light period of rats in the model group and acupuncture group increased significantly compared with the control group(both P<0.01).After acupuncture treatment,the rats in the acupuncture group had much less spontaneous activity during the light period than those in the model group(P<0.01),and the results indicated that acupuncture could effectively improve the sleep quality of insomnia rats.Compared with the control group,rats in the model group showed that the P3 latency,the average optical density of microglia,and the concentrations of IL-1βand TNF-αincreased significantly(all P<0.05),and the P3 amplitude decreased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,rats in the acupuncture group presented that the P3 latency,the average optical density of microglia,and the concentrations of IL-1βand TNF-αwere significantly decreased(all P<0.05),and the amplitude of P3 was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture possesses an ability to improve the cognitive state in insomnia rats.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the microglial activation,diminishing the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1βand TNF-α,and promoting the recovery of central nervous system function.
基金This work was supported through the National Social Science Foundation of China （13BYY072）.
文摘The processing of relative clauses receives much concern from linguists. The finding that object relatives are easier to process than subiect relatives in Chinese challenges the notion that subject relative clauses are preferred universally. A large body of literature provides theories related to sentence processing mechanisms for native speakers but leaves one area relatively untouched： how bilinguals process sentences. This study is designed to examine the case where the individuals with a Chinese L1 language background process subject-extracted subject relative clauses （SS） and subject-extracted object relative clauses （SO） by using event- related potentials （ERPs） to probe into the real-time language processing and presents a direct manifestation of brain activity. The findings from this study support the subject relative clause preference due to the strong influence of English relative clause markedness and bilinguals＇ relative lower working memory capacity.
