高纯Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金的时效析出行为

利用拉伸力学性能测试和透射电镜等研究了高纯Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金在长时间时效过程中的时效析出行为。结果表明:实验用高纯Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金板材具有较好的热稳定性和塑性,经185℃时效50h后合金的强度较峰值状态仅下降6%～7%,同时伸长率δ10保持在8%以上;Ω相是高纯Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金的主要强化相,当合金处于峰值状态时,Ω相与基体之间会产生较大的错配应变,并在Ω相的细小片层处产生位错,为随后二次析出相θ′的析出提供有利的形核位置;延长时效时间将促进尺寸较大的Ω相和大部分θ′相(包括先析出相和二次析出相)向平衡相θ转变,但Ω→θ的转变远比θ′→θ的转变缓慢。

Precipitation location of secondary phase and microstructural evolution during static recrystallization of as-cast Ti-25V-15Cr-0.3Si titanium alloy

The microstructural evolution and precipitation location of the secondary phase of an as-cast Ti-25 V-15 Cr-0.3 Si titanium alloy were investigated via isothermal compression experiments and heat treatment. The average aspect（length-to-width） ratio, average area and size of the grains at different heat treatment temperatures and holding time were analyzed and the effects of deformation and annealing time on the grain area and size were considered. It was found that the grain size was strongly influenced by the height reduction and holding time. Grain growth was significant when annealing time increased from 10 min to 2 h at 950 °C and height reduction of 30%; however, grain growth was minimal at annealing time between 2 and 4 h. Many dispersion particles were observed to form in continuous chains; the precipitation location was confirmed to be along initial grain boundaries, and the dispersion particles were identified to be Ti5 Si3 phase by TEM.

蠕变镍基单晶高温合金微观结构与界面特征的X射线小角散射研究

利用SAXS技术对蠕变过程中不同尺度范围的微观结构变化分析表明X射线小角散射(SAXS)与中子小角散射(SANS)测量的二维散射图具有明显的差异,由散射强度曲线的变化说明了蠕变过程中二次析出γ′相形貌和不同区域尺寸特征的改变情况.分析结果表明二次析出γ′相存在两类特征尺寸,在蠕变过程中沿[100]或[010]方向的变化趋势类似,均是在第一和第二阶段有所减小,在第三阶段又有所增大,相较而言,特征尺寸较大的γ′相变化也较为显著.二次析出γ′相在蠕变第二阶段元素扩散最严重,相表面最粗糙,在第三阶段两相界面又进一步明锐;进一步分析表明随蠕变时间增加由于颗粒增大或总量减小,二次析出γ′相与基体相的界面总面积逐渐减小.

单晶高温合金DD6高温显微组织演化规律研究

我国自主研发的低成本DD6镍基高温合金,具有优良的拉伸性能和高温蠕变性能等,在涡轮机部件等领域具有广阔的应用前景。本研究从建立单晶叶片使用失效评价方式的角度出发,模拟叶片实际使用温度对DD6进行了加热处理,研究和分析了DD6合金在模拟使用温度下保温50 h后微观组织随温度的演化规律。研究发现,在模拟使用状态加热的过程中,随加热温度的升高,γ′相首先发生连接、合并,尺寸不断增大,随后向γ基体中溶解,这与Al、Nb等γ′相形成元素从γ′相向γ基体中的扩散有关。加热到1150℃以上在冷却到室温的过程中,较宽的基体通道内会析出颗粒状的二次γ′相,且二次γ′相颗粒随着加热温度的升高进一步长大。二次γ′相的析出是因为γ基体中Al、Nb元素过饱和引起了成分过冷,而其长大从热力学上看是为了减小界面能,从动力学上看与加热温度及长大时间有关。