Rechargeable Li-CO2 batteries provide a promising new approach for carbon capture and energy storage technology. However, their practical application is limited by many challenges despite much progress in this technol...Rechargeable Li-CO2 batteries provide a promising new approach for carbon capture and energy storage technology. However, their practical application is limited by many challenges despite much progress in this technology. Recent development in Li-CO2 batteries is presented. The reaction mechanism with an air cathode, operating temperatures used, electrochemical performance under different CO2 concentrations, stability of the battery in different electrolytes, and utilization of different cathode materials were emphasized. At last, challenges and perspectives were also present- ed. This review provides a deep understanding of Li-CO2 batteries and offers important guidelines for developing reversible and high efficiency Li-CO2 batteries.展开更多
Consumable carbon anodes are used in the electrowinning of aluminium by the Hall-Heroult process. Emissions of CO2 may be eliminated by introducing an inert oxygen evolving anode, which however will require a higher a...Consumable carbon anodes are used in the electrowinning of aluminium by the Hall-Heroult process. Emissions of CO2 may be eliminated by introducing an inert oxygen evolving anode, which however will require a higher anode potential. An alternative approach is to use a natural gas or hydrogen gas anode to reduce the CO2 emissions and lower the anode potential. Preliminary laboratory experiments were carried out in an alternative molten salt electrolyte consisting of CaCl2-CaO-NaCl at 680℃ Porous anodes of platinum and tin oxide were tested during electrolysis at constant current. The behaviour of inert anode candidate materials such as tin oxide and nickel ferrite were also studied.展开更多
Current major electrocatalytic reactions,such as hydrogen evolution reaction,carbon dioxide reduction reaction,and nitrogen reduction reaction,focus on single-target chemical production,which suffers from strong compe...Current major electrocatalytic reactions,such as hydrogen evolution reaction,carbon dioxide reduction reaction,and nitrogen reduction reaction,focus on single-target chemical production,which suffers from strong competitive reactions at the same electrodes and/or high energy barrier reactions at the counterpart electrodes.The co-electrolysis of more than one kind,typically two kinds,of chemical precursors in one electrolytic system is therefore a highly attractive strategy for both energy input reduction and concurrent production of double value-added chemicals.Exciting progress has been achieved in this area recently,and a timely review on this specific topic will be highly desired.In this review,the reported co-electrolysis systems are classified into four categories:(1)agent sacrificing at one electrode promoting electrochemical precursor conversion at the other;(2)parallel electrochemical precursor conversions,i.e.,electrosyntheses,simultaneously at both sides;(3)electrochemical conversions of two precursors at both sides into one/the same product;(4)double/multiple electrochemical conversions at one side.The current challenges and future opportunities of co-electrolysis toward high value-added products are discussed at the end.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2014CB932302,2014CB932303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21403107,21373111)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20140055)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(20120091120022),PAPD of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Project on Union of Industry-Study-Research of Jiangsu Province(BY2015069-01)
文摘Rechargeable Li-CO2 batteries provide a promising new approach for carbon capture and energy storage technology. However, their practical application is limited by many challenges despite much progress in this technology. Recent development in Li-CO2 batteries is presented. The reaction mechanism with an air cathode, operating temperatures used, electrochemical performance under different CO2 concentrations, stability of the battery in different electrolytes, and utilization of different cathode materials were emphasized. At last, challenges and perspectives were also present- ed. This review provides a deep understanding of Li-CO2 batteries and offers important guidelines for developing reversible and high efficiency Li-CO2 batteries.
文摘Consumable carbon anodes are used in the electrowinning of aluminium by the Hall-Heroult process. Emissions of CO2 may be eliminated by introducing an inert oxygen evolving anode, which however will require a higher anode potential. An alternative approach is to use a natural gas or hydrogen gas anode to reduce the CO2 emissions and lower the anode potential. Preliminary laboratory experiments were carried out in an alternative molten salt electrolyte consisting of CaCl2-CaO-NaCl at 680℃ Porous anodes of platinum and tin oxide were tested during electrolysis at constant current. The behaviour of inert anode candidate materials such as tin oxide and nickel ferrite were also studied.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(21ZR1418700)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(2020T130193)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Current major electrocatalytic reactions,such as hydrogen evolution reaction,carbon dioxide reduction reaction,and nitrogen reduction reaction,focus on single-target chemical production,which suffers from strong competitive reactions at the same electrodes and/or high energy barrier reactions at the counterpart electrodes.The co-electrolysis of more than one kind,typically two kinds,of chemical precursors in one electrolytic system is therefore a highly attractive strategy for both energy input reduction and concurrent production of double value-added chemicals.Exciting progress has been achieved in this area recently,and a timely review on this specific topic will be highly desired.In this review,the reported co-electrolysis systems are classified into four categories:(1)agent sacrificing at one electrode promoting electrochemical precursor conversion at the other;(2)parallel electrochemical precursor conversions,i.e.,electrosyntheses,simultaneously at both sides;(3)electrochemical conversions of two precursors at both sides into one/the same product;(4)double/multiple electrochemical conversions at one side.The current challenges and future opportunities of co-electrolysis toward high value-added products are discussed at the end.
