Clathrate Hydrate Capture of CO2 from Simulated Flue Gas with Cyclopentane/Water Emulsion

Capture of CO2 by hydrate is one of the attractive technologies for reducing greenhouse effect.The primary challenges are the large energy consumption,low hydrate formation rate and separation efficiency.This work presents a new method for capture of CO2 from simulated flue gasCO2(16.60%,by mole) /N2 binary mixture by formation of cyclopentane(CP) hydrates at initial temperature of 8.1°C with the feed pressures from 2.49 to 3.95 MPa.The effect of cyclopentane and cyclopentane/water emulsion on the hydrate formation rate and CO2 separation efficiency was studied in a 1000 ml stirred reactor.The results showed the hydrate formation rate could be increased remarkably with cyclopentane/water emulsion.CO2 could be enriched to 43.97%(by mole) and 35.29%(by mole) from simulated flue gas with cyclopentane and cyclopentane/water(O/W) emulsion,respectively,by one stage hydrate separation under low feed pressure.CO2 separation factor with cyclopentane was 6.18,higher than that with cyclopentane/water emulsion(4.01) ,in the range of the feed pressure.The results demonstrated that cyclopentane/water emulsion is a good additive for efficient hydrate capture of CO2.

Bright Blue Light-emitting Diodes Based on a Novel Fluorescent Dye Containing Heterocyclic Groups

Novel molecular material, 1-benzotlliazoly-3 -phenyl --pyrazoline (BTPP) was found to function as bright blue light emitting dye in organic electroluminescent device, and its optical and electric characteristics were investigated. This heterocyclic compound exhibited good characteristics of blue photoluminescence and electroluminescence, which had the emission peak at 450 nm. The single layer light-emitting devices using BTPP as light-emitting material dispersed in poly(N- vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and double layer ones using PBD as hole block layer above the light-emitting layer were fabricated using conventional spin-casting and vaccum vapour deposition methods. The introduction of PBD has enhanced electron injection and luminance efficiency, compared with the single layer LEDs.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Dicyanamide (5,7,7,12,14,14-Hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclo- tetradecane) Copper(II) Percholatehydrate

The copper(II) complex [Cu(teta)N(CN)2](ClO4)H2O (teta = 5,7,7,12,14,14- hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) has been synthesized and the crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal data: C18H38ClCuN7O5, monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 8.796(3), b = 11.885(4), c = 23.054(9) , b = 97.540(4)o, V = 2389.3(15) 3, Mr = 531.54, Z = 4, Dc = 1.478 g/cm3, F(000) = 1124, ?= 1.070 mm-1, the final R = 0.0566 and wR = 0.1162 for 4749 observed reflections (I > 2s(I)). The center copper ion is coordinated by five nitrogen atoms in a square pyramidal geometry, with four from the macrocyclic ligand teta and the other one from a nitrile nitrogen atom of dicyanamide which is coordinated to the metal atoms as uni-dentate manner via nitrile nitrogen atom.

2-Nitrobenzofuran as Dienophile in Polar Diels-Alder Reaction： A Simple Dibenzofurans Synthesis

2-nitrobenzofuran is studied as dienophile in polar thermal Diels-Alder reactions with normal electron demand using several structurally different dienes. A very strong electron-acceptor group, such as nitro group, enhances the dienophilic character of these heterocyclic compounds and owing to the fact that this substituent is easily extruded under thermal conditions this reaction sequence becomes a simple method of organic compound＇s families with heteroatom rings preparation. Part of this work is specifically concerned with theoretical studies. The global and local electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indexes were calculated for the dienophile and dienes used in this work. A concise synthesis of dibenzofurans has been development via cycloaddition reactions.

Biphenyl Bis [π-cyclopentadienyl ） iron] Dication as an Efficient Cationic Photoinitiator for Epoxy Polymerization

Ferrocenium monocations as photoinitiators for cationic photopolymerization suffer from a limitation of low absorption and low reactivity under high-pressure Hg lamp. Here, a ferrocenium dication salt, biphenyl bis [π-cyclopentadienyl）iron] hexafluorophosphate （[bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 was synthesized by the ligand exchange reaction between ferrocene and biphenyl. The chemical structure was characterized with FTIR and ^1HNMR. The separation of ferrocenium monocation cyclopentadien-iron-biphenyl hexafluorophosphate （[Cp-Fe-biphenyl] PF6） and dication [bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 was carried out by column chromatography. The photoactivity of initiating photopolyinerization of epoxide ER14221 was studied as a cationic photoinitiator. [Bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 can efficiently absorb radiation above 300nm and its photoactivity is higher than that of its monocation.

Efficient approach to thiazolidinones via a one-pot three-component reaction involving 2-amino-1-phenylethanone hydrochloride,aldehyde and mercaptoacetic acid

A highly efficient three-component reaction has been developed for the synthesis of thiazolidinones involving the reaction of 2-amino-l-phenylethanone hydrochloride with an aromatic aldehyde and mercaptoacetic acid in the presence of diisopropylethylamine in a single pot.Critically,this reaction exhibited excellent chemoselectivity,with the nitrogen atom of the 2-amino-l-phenylethanone component reacting selectively with the aromatic aldehyde to give the corresponding Schiff base.Nucleophilic attack at the carbon of the Schiff base by the sulfur atom of mercaptoacetic,followed by a cyclocondensation reaction between the nitrogen and the carboxylic acid moiety afforded the desired thiazolidinones,which were fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques.

Chemical fixation of carbon dioxide to cyclic carbonates catalyzed by zinc(Ⅱ) complex bearing 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole ligand

A new zinc(II)complex of formula[ZnCl2(L1)2](1)[L1=2‐(2‐thienyl)‐1‐(2‐thienylmethyl)‐1Hbenzimidazole]was synthesized and fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy,elemental analysis,electrospray ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry,and thermogravimetric analysis.The molecular structure was confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.Complex1consists of mononuclear tetrahedral zinc(II)units with a locked geometry resulting from weak intramolecular S···?and?–?interligand interactions.The benzimidazole ligand and its zinc(II)complex were readily obtained through a simple synthetic route.The catalytic activity of1was investigated in the coupling of carbon dioxide with epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates,and a series of parameters were evaluated.The complex efficiently catalyzed the transformation of various epoxides under solvent‐free conditions,with good conversions,turnover numbers,and turnover frequencies.

CYP3A5基因多态性与双环醇保肝降酶效应的关系

目的研究CYP3A5酶基因多态性与双环醇保肝降酶作用临床效应的关系。方法34例慢性乙型肝炎患者在常规治疗的基础上予双环醇片治疗24周；治疗前后检测肝功能指标（ALT、AST）；采用PCR-RFLP法对患者CYP3A5酶基因型进行检测。结果将检测结果基因型为CYP3A5＊1（共16例，包括CYP3A5＊1/＊1型2例和CYP3A5＊1/＊3型14例）作为观察组，基因型为CYP3A5＊3组（即CYP3A5＊3/＊3型，18例）作为对照组。治疗后，CYP3A5＊1组和CYP3A5＊3组患者ALT、AST水平均有显著下降（P〈0．05）；CYP3A5＊3组患者的ALT和AST下降幅度分别为79．73％和74．76％，显著大于CYP3A5＊1组的65．90％和49．63％（P〈0．05）；治疗后，两组之间的ALT及AST相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），CYP3A5＊3组ALT复常率和AST复常率均高于CYP3A5＊1组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论CYP3A5酶基因型对双环醇治疗慢性乙肝的临床疗效抗炎保肝降酶效应有明显影响，基因型为CYP3A5＊3的慢性乙肝患者双环醇疗效反应较强，该酶基因型可能成为双环醇疗效（尤其是降酶效应）的预测参照因子。

Insight of unresolved complex mixtures of saturated hydrocarbons in heavy oil via GC×GC-TOFMS analysis

The saturated hydrocarbon fraction of a heavily biodegraded crude oil from Liaohe oilfield was analyzed by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). The "humps", which was termed as unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) in conventional gas chromatographic analysis, was separated for identification of the individual compound. Main compounds of UCMs were identified according to the combined information of characteristics of GC×GC chromatogram and time-of-flight mass spectra. It's found that UCMs are mainly composed of great number of ring compounds with extremely low concentration. The ring compounds are separated according to their boiling point diversity in the first dimension column, then to their polarity or ring number variety in the second dimension column. In the sample there are two groups of UCMs, i.e., the first group compounds with boiling point lower that of C24 and the second group compounds with boiling point higher than that of C24. The first group of UCMs mainly consists of monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic ring compounds. The first group of UCMs is mainly composed of saturated hydrocarbons, in which the percentage of ring compounds with signal-to-noise ratio above 100 is about 75% of the total quantity of saturated hydrocarbon, while its mass is over 80% of the total saturated hydrocarbon. The second group of UCMs is mainly composed of tetracyclic and pentacyclic ring compounds, in which the percentage of UCM compounds with signal-to-noise ratio over 100 is about 17% of the total quantity of saturated hydrocarbon, and its mass is about 0.5% of the total saturated hydrocarbon. The results of this study are helpful for heavy oil developing and genesis mechanism understanding.