济阳坳陷页岩油测井评价

目前,普遍利用岩心和气测录井研究页岩油地质特性,测井资料在页岩油评价中的作用并未得到充分发挥。基于岩心分析和元素俘获能谱测井刻度标定,采用测井曲线重叠法,建立了页岩油地质特性测井评价方法和表征手段。结果表明,改进后的Δlog R法计算的总有机碳含量与岩心分析数据更吻合,测井曲线重叠及其组合特征与气测异常存在较好的对应关系,能够定性反映页岩油可动性。利用渤页平5井二维核磁测井数据,首次从测井角度揭示了页岩油地层流体赋存特征和含油特点,确定了页岩油地层含油性定量评价方法,求取了页岩油地层核磁测井可动孔隙度T2截止值,达到了定量评价页岩油地层含油性的目的。应用实例表明测井评价结果与岩心分析结果基本一致。测井曲线重叠法和核磁测井资料更加全面准确地反映了页岩油地层含油性,测井资料在页岩油评价中的作用得到了充分体现。

Numerical simulation of(T_2,T_1) 2D NMR and fluid responses

One-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance （1D NMR） logging technology is limited for fluid typing, while two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance （2D NMR） logging can provide more parameters including longitudinal relaxation time （71） and transverse relaxation time （T2） relative to fluid types in porous media. Based on the 2D NMR relaxation mechanism in a gradient magnetic field, echo train simulation and 2D NMR inversion are discussed in detail. For 2D NMR inversion, a hybrid inversion method is proposed based on the damping least squares method （LSQR） and an improved truncated singular value decomposition （TSVD） algorithm. A series of spin echoes are first simulated with multiple waiting times （Tws） in a gradient magnetic field for given fluid models and these synthesized echo trains are inverted by the hybrid method. The inversion results are consistent with given models. Moreover, the numerical simulation of various fluid models such as the gas-water, light oil-water, and vicious oil-water models were carried out with different echo spacings （TEs） and Tws by this hybrid method. Finally, the influences of different signal-to-noise ratios （SNRs） on inversion results in various fluid models are studied. The numerical simulations show that the hybrid method and optimized observation parameters are applicable to fluid typing of gas-water and oil-water models.

Comparison of different inversion methods of D-T_(2)two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance logging and applicability analysis

D-T_(2)two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance(2D NMR)logging technology can distinguish pore fluid types intuitively,and it is widely used in oil and gas exploration.Many 2D NMR inversion methods(e.g.,truncated singular value decomposition(TSVD),Butler-Reds-Dawson(BRD),LM-norm smoothing,and TIST-L1 regularization methods)have been proposed successively,but most are limited to numerical simulations.This study focused on the applicability of different inversion methods for NMR logging data of various acquisition sequences,from which the optimal inversion method was selected based on the comparative analysis.First,the two-dimensional NMR logging principle was studied.Then,these inversion methods were studied in detail,and the precision and computational efficiency of CPMG and diffusion editing(DE)sequences obtained from oil-water and gas-water models were compared,respectively.The inversion results and calculation time of truncated singular value decomposition(TSVD),Butler-Reds-Dawson(BRD),LM-norm smoothing,and TIST-L1 regularization were compared and analyzed through numerical simulations.The inversion method was optimized to process SP mode logging data from the MR Scanner instrument.The results showed that the TIST-regularization and LM-norm smoothing methods were more accurate for the CPMG and DE sequence echo trains of the oil-water and gas-water models.However,the LM-norm smoothing method was less time-consuming,making it more suitable for logging data processing.A case study in well A25 showed that the processing results by the LM-norm smoothing method were consistent with GEOLOG software.This demonstrates that the LM-norm smoothing method is applicable in practical NMR logging processing.