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微机基础知识(二)
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作者 本刊编辑部 《投资理论与实践》 1996年第3期48-48,共1页
计算机是一种能自动进行高速运算的计算工具。它具有运算速度快、计算精度高、通用性强,有记忆和逻辑判断能力等特点。目前计算机应用的范围几乎涉及到人类社会的所有领域,它具有以下几个特点: 一、运算速度快。电子计算机对6位到7位十... 计算机是一种能自动进行高速运算的计算工具。它具有运算速度快、计算精度高、通用性强,有记忆和逻辑判断能力等特点。目前计算机应用的范围几乎涉及到人类社会的所有领域,它具有以下几个特点: 一、运算速度快。电子计算机对6位到7位十进制数进行加减乘除运算,每秒可达数十万次,最高可达数十亿次。计算机的运算速度是指计算机执行指令的速度,因指令有简单与复杂之分,故常用平均速度来表示。也可以用每秒执行多少条指令方式来说明计算机的运算速度。 展开更多
关键词 微机基础知识 管理计算机 运算速度 二进制计数法 执行指令 输入输出操作 逻辑判断 指令方式 操作系统 内存储器
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On the Set of Common Consequent Indices of a Class of Binary Relations 被引量:2
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作者 MA Hong Ping MIAO Zheng Ke 《Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition》 CSCD 北大核心 2008年第3期460-466,共7页
Let V = {a1,a2 ,...,an} be a finite set with n ≥ 2 and Pn(V) the set of all primitive binary relations on V. For Q E Pn(V), denote by G(Q) the directed graph corresponding to Q. For positive integer d ≤ n, let... Let V = {a1,a2 ,...,an} be a finite set with n ≥ 2 and Pn(V) the set of all primitive binary relations on V. For Q E Pn(V), denote by G(Q) the directed graph corresponding to Q. For positive integer d ≤ n, let Pn(V, d) = {Q : Q ∈ Pn(V) and G(Q) contains exactly d loops}. In this paper, it is proved that the set of common consequent indices of binary relations in Pn (V, d) is {1, 2,..., n -[d/2] }. Furthermore, the minimal extremal binary relations are described. 展开更多
关键词 common consequent index primitive relation directed graph.
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ADAPTIVE TRACKING OF A CLASS OF FIRST-ORDER SYSTEMS WITH BINARY-VALUED OBSERVATIONS AND FIXED THRESHOLDS 被引量:7
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作者 Jin GUO Ji-Feng ZHANG Yanlong ZHAO 《Journal of Systems Science & Complexity》 SCIE EI CSCD 2012年第6期1041-1051,共11页
This paper considers the adaptive tracking problem for a class of first-order systems with binary-valued observations generated via fixed thresholds. A recursive projection algorithm is proposed for parameter estimati... This paper considers the adaptive tracking problem for a class of first-order systems with binary-valued observations generated via fixed thresholds. A recursive projection algorithm is proposed for parameter estimation based on the statistical properties of the system noise. Then, an adaptive control law is designed via the certainty equivalence principle. By use of the conditional expectations of the innovation and output prediction with respect to the estimates, the closed-loop system is shown to be stable and asymptotically optimal. Meanwhile, the parameter estimate is proved to be both almost surely and mean square convergent, and the convergence rate of the estimation error is also obtained. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the adaptive control law. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive control binary-valued observation optimal tracking parameter estimation stochastic system.
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