创新动力 科华智造 科华恒盛云动力数据中心解决方案 访厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司数据中心市场主管胡海东

"智慧电能"建立在科华恒盛高端电源技术发展及应用基础之上,"云动力"数据中心解决方案的成熟和生态节能数据中心技术应用,以及在光伏、风电行业的长足进步,对"智慧电能"的完整构建具有重要意义。

浅议云动力数据中心智能系统的构建与创新——专注高端、创新动力

本文对厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司（以下简称科华恒盛）如何采用云动力、机柜就是数据中心等全新理念构建绿色节能，环保、智能的数据中心进行了比较全面的介绍。

一次北京冰雹形成的数值模拟及微物理机制研究

本文利用WRF模式对2021年6月25日一次发生在北京地区的冰雹天气进行高分辨率数值模拟研究。从雷达反射率和降水来看,数值模拟基本再现了冰雹风暴的宏观特征。在此基础上分析了冰雹风暴不同发展阶段的中尺度热力、动力和微物理特征。最后通过输出微物理过程的中间转化项,着重分析雹粒子和雨滴的质量收支和潜热收支情况,给出冰雹形成的云微物理概念模型图。研究结果表明:本次冰雹过程可分为多单体回波、线状对流和飑线三个阶段。此次冰雹天气主要以雪粒子为雹胚在对流层中高层与雨水和云水发生撞冻作用形成雹粒子,雹粒子生成后不断地撞冻雨水和云水增长,冰晶直接撞冻雨水形成雹的转化率很低。气流在风暴的前部低层流入,多单体阶段的两股弱上升气流不断地合并,而线状对流和飑线阶段低层入流减弱,中高层较干冷气流的流入明显。气流在飑线阶段强烈上升,在高层向前流出。被上升气流抬升的暖湿空气与中高层流入的干冷空气相遇凝结为云水或凝华为冰相粒子,释放大量潜热,导致云内浮力增强,促进云内气流强烈上升,将有更多的云水和冰相粒子生成,同时促进了雹粒子的生成和累积。雪和雹粒子的融化吸收大量潜热,导致融化层升高,因此在飑线阶段有大量过冷雨水生成并与雪粒子发生撞冻作用形成更多的雹粒子。大雹粒子降落产生的更强的水物质拖曳力将促进低层下沉气流增强。下沉运动导致低层雨水蒸发冷却,在近地面形成冷池,与高层的潜热加热配合增强对流,从而正反馈于经向环流。环流导致的垂直上升气流促进低层的水汽抬升至融化层以上凝结形成过冷水和凝华为雪粒子,而垂直下沉气流促进雪和雹降落至融化层以下形成雨水以及雨水在融化层以下蒸发,进而正反馈于云内热力环境。如此反复,产生降雹和强降水。

LASG 1990年年会介绍

LASG是中国科学院大气物理研究所的大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验的英文缩写。笔者于1990年在该实验室工作两月有余,并有幸参加了该实验室的年会。年会于1991年3月10日-13日在北京中关村大气物理研究所举行。参加年会的除了该室的固定成员外,还有来自国内外几个海洋、大气研究所、高等院校和气象台的客座研究人员。会议交流的内容涉及非线性动力学、大气与海洋的数值模拟、气候和长期天气预报、积云动力学及其数值模拟、污染与光化学模式、悬浮体力学等众多领域。

雨滴碰击光缆后光纤应变相位调制分析

基于云动力学理论,分析了雨滴碰击光缆后径向应变导致光纤纤芯折射率及形状发生改变,使光纤内传输光相位受到调制的过程.建立了雨滴碰击光缆引起光纤内传输光相位调制的模型,获得了降雨强度与相位调制之间的关系.研制了雨滴碰击光缆相位调制实验室验证系统,对比了模拟降雨强度分别为3,5,7,10,15,18,22,30 mm/h时的实验测试与仿真结果,两者变化趋势一致,误差在9%以内.该模型可用于仿真获得不同降雨强度下雨滴碰击光缆引起的光相位调制,为进一步研究降雨对光纤振动传感系统性能的影响,优化光纤振动传感工程应用系统,提出可行的雨量补偿方案提供了理论参考.

一次基于风廓线雷达观测的北京夏季降水的垂直观测研究

本文利用风廓线雷达数据反演了降水云体的大气垂直速度、雨滴下落末速度等云动力特征和云水混合比、雨水混合比等云微物理参数,并结合天气雷达、探空、自动站、雨滴谱仪和微波辐射计等数据对2020年5月7~8日发生在北京市海淀区的一次夏季降水过程进行垂直综合观测。结果表明:垂直探测仪器观测及其反演的数据可以获得降水云体的详细动力参数和微物理特征。站点位于主体降水回波边缘,降水为层状云类型,整体回波较弱(主要在0~20 dBZ),4 km高度的水平风垂直切变贯穿整个降水过程,降水分为两个阶段:前期7日20时(北京时,下同)至8日02时低层存在浅对流结构,云顶较高(平均高度8207 m),低层水平风切变促进了对流发展,10~20 dBZ的回波比重较大,粒子谱较窄,直径<1 mm,雨强较弱,但粒子数浓度值大,最大值26305 m;,2~3 km处存在暖平流,水汽和液水值大,雨水混合比0.02~0.15 g/kg,云水混合比0.5~2 g/kg,且强值区域大,雨滴下落末速度3.2~4.2 m/s,大气垂直速度在±0.6 m/s之间,上升气流和下沉气流变换明显;后期8日02~10时转为典型层状云降水,云顶较低(平均高度7831 m),<10 dBZ的回波比重较大,3100 m处形成亮带的强值中心,粒子谱展宽,最大直径接近1.5 mm,粒子数浓度值减小,最大值<3000 m;,雨水和云水值比对流期小了一个量级,且强值范围变窄,雨滴下落末速度减小为2.8~3.6 m/s,大气垂直速度也比对流时期小了一个量级,并且在亮带高度以下(2.5~2.8 km)范围内出现明显横向带状的上升和下沉气流区。

A Study on Vertical Spatial Transfer of Cultivated Land in Yunnan Province from 1986 to 2008

Based upon ArCGIS,the vertical spatial transfer law of cultivated land in Yunnan was studied through referring to three periods of remote sensing data of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change（LUCC） in Yunnan in 1986,1995 and 2000,Digital Elevation Model（DEM） of Yunnan Province and LUCC data in Yunnan from 2000 to 2008.The main factors that promote vertical spatial transfer law of cultivated land were analyzed by using SPSS,and the influence of policies and government acts upon the change of cultivated land was clarified.The findings indicated that for Yunnan cultivated land there is a trend that in the vertical direction steep slope areas and gentle slope areas divert into mid-slope areas.The primary factor influencing the vertical spatial transfer of cultivated land was policies and government acts.Also,the gradient of ground,total population and number of agriculture employed persons were also main factors in influencing the change of cultivated land,whose influence was obviously below policies and government acts.

天空水资源的开发和利用

天空水有280 000亿吨,仅占全球总水量的0.002%,但其循环快,循环周期仅8.7天,而地下水及地表水循环周期为400年,海洋则高达4000年.也就是说,一年里天空水可以循环42次,一年中天空水量就是11760000亿吨,是地表水总量的8.4倍.

高被引论文选编

"人工影响天气"主题来源数据库:SCI-E和CAJD,检索时段:2017—2019年使用耦合气溶胶的数值模式模拟强对流风暴——Simulation of a severe convective storm using a numerical model with explicitly incorporated aerosols.Atmospheric Research,2017,Vol.194.尽管气溶胶在云生命周期的各个阶段都扮演着重要的角色,但它们在数值天气预报模式中的表现往往相当粗糙。塞尔维亚共和国水文气象局的Lompar等研究了气溶胶在天气研究和预报模式(WRF)的一个微物理参数化方案对云动力学和微物理的影响。研究选择的试验是2014年7月21日下午塞尔维亚西部和中部地区的一个具有超级单体的强中尺度对流系统。

Recovery of valuable metals from lepidolite by atmosphere leaching and kinetics on dissolution of lithium

The lepidolite located in Yichun, Jiangxi Province, China, was adopted to investigate the recovery of alkali metals and leaching kinetics of lithium with sulphuric acid solution under atmospheric pressure. The results show that the recoveries of alkali metals were achieved under the leaching conditions: mass ratio of lepidolite with particle size less than 180 μm to sulphuric acid 1.2, leaching temperature 411 K, liquid-solid ratio 2.5∶1, and leaching time 10 h. Under the selected conditions for leaching experiment, the leaching rates of lithium, potassium, rubidium and caesium are 94.18%, 93.70%, 91.81% and 89.22%, respectively. The X-ray diffraction analysis for leaching residue indicates that no insoluble product forms during leaching. The chemical compositions of leaching residue reveal that trace iron, manganese and calcium disappear after acid leaching. The kinetics of leaching process for lithium follows shrinking core model of mixed control and the apparent activation energy is 17.21 kJ/mol. The reaction orders with respect to sulphuric acid concentration and liquid-solid ratio are determined to be 2.85 and 1.66, respectively. A semi-empirical rate equation was obtained to describe the leaching process. The kinetic analysis shows that the leaching process is controlled by diffusion through the insoluble layer of the associated minerals.

Micromorphology of landslide soil Case study on the Jibazi landslide in Yunyang in the Three Gorges Region, China

Abstract： Landslide is one of natural catastrophes affecting national economy and people＇s livelihood. There are many reports on the forming mechanism and control of landslide, but the studies on micromorphology of landslide soil are few. There are many potential landslides in the Three Gorges Region in China. In this paper, the micromorphologic features of the Jibazi landslide soil in Yunyang in the Three Gorges Region of the Yangtze River were studied using routine methods, that is, soil micromorphology, X-ray diffraetometer and scanning electron microscope. The main conclusions are as follow： （1） The basic micromorphologic characteristics of the landslide soil are that the fine soil particles are commonly cohesive matrix, finer and lower content of skeleton grains, the microstructures are mainly types of phenocrystal gelatinization, densely chap and fissure structure. As a result, these micromorphologic features affect the discharging of soil water, favor the movement of landslide body and provide an internal basis of materials for the formation of landslide. （2） The concept on the forming material of landslide was proposed, and types of optical beamed clay aggregates, Fe-Mn isolates and glassy material were found in landslide-belt soil, which were remarkably different from the natural soil formation, and had some scientific significance in analyzing the forming mechanism of landslide and distinguishing me landslide-belt soil. （3） Some special micromorphologic and sub-micromorphologic characteristics, such as fingerprint microstructure, clay beamed bedding microstructure, oppressive microstructure, moulage microstructure and extending hole microstncture, could bring useful micromorphologic evidences for the observation and forecasting of landslide. The results mentioned above will bring helpful micromorphologic evidences for distinguishing slide soil, analyzing the formation mechanism of landslide, and monitoring and forecasting the occurrence of landslide.

Mechanism of separating muscovite and quartz by flotation

Flotation experiments were performed to investigate the separation of muscovite and quartz in the presence of dodecylamine(DDA), tallow amine(TTA) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(DTAC). The adsorption mechanisms of these three kinds of amines on muscovite and quartz were studied by FT-IR spectrum analysis, contact angle measurement and molecular dynamics(MD) simulation. The results reveal that the separation of muscovite from quartz is feasible at strong acid pulp condition using amine collectors. TTA and DTAC show poorer collecting ability for flotation of the two minerals compared with DDA. Physical adsorption is found to be the main adsorption module of amine collectors on muscovite and quartz by FT-IR analysis. MD simulation results show a strong physical adsorption ability of DDA+ cation on muscovite and quartz(muscovite(001):-117.31 kJ/mol, quartz(100):-89.43 kJ/mol), while neutral DDA molecular can hardly absorb onto the surface of these two minerals. These findings provide a novel explanation for the flotation mechanism from the perspective of MD simulation.

我国加密数字货币发展及其在人工智能信息安全中的应用

在人工智能(AI)时代,商业战场已经逐渐转移到网络,而网络也产生了新的经济模式。在这个没有硝烟的数字竞争时代,人工智能对人类发展产生了前所未有的推动作用,同时也催生了对网络安全的需求,需要学者和政府做出更多的努力来满足这一关键需求,让这个新时代的革命更安全、更有益。在信息领域,创新已经形成了新的力量和发展机遇。中国应利用“一带一路”的机遇,从两个方面加快人工智能的发展和国家重大战略整合。第一,通过加快人工智能与云计算、互联网+、大数据、科技创新等国家战略的融合发展,积极推动人工智能和创新技术的发展。第二,通过快速推进人工智能与中国当前雄心勃勃的“一带一路“”智能强国“”工业强国”等倡议的融合,促进发挥人工智能力量的发展战略。

Influence of Mass and Radius of Ice Crystals on Hydrometeors,Internal Energy,and Kinetic Energy:A Numeric Model Study

Two cloud-scale experiments with two different ice-phase schemes were carried out for a precipitation event that occurred in eastern China in 2005.The results were analyzed to examine the influences of the change of ice-particle mass and radius on hydrometeors,internal energy,and kinetic energy,as well as the primary factors responsible.It was found that the ice content increases notably and the snow content decreases due to the change.This is the consequence of the modulation of cloud microphysical processes.In particular,the Bergeron process and the accretion of snow and cloud ice are markedly influenced.The differences of internal energy and kinetic energy between the two experiments are caused by adjustments to pressure-flux divergence,the coupling of temperature and divergence,and gravitational work,and the reason is that these three factors result in differences of local changes of internal and kinetic energy.

The Impetus for RCEP in Facilitating the High-quality Development of the Tourism Service Trade in Yunnan Province,China

The present world pattern has undergone major changes,the trend of world multi-polarization is constantly emerging,and peace and development remain the main themes of today’s society.The formal signing and implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is important for meeting the needs of peace and development of many countries and regions.China is in a new era of reform and opening-up,and the RCEP content is in line with China’s concept of pursuing a path of rejuvenation.Based on the locations of important borders,Yunnan Province has become one of the key places for China’s opening-up and development regarding Southeast Asia and South Asia,and the high-quality development of its tourism service trade is of great significance.This study first used the grounded theory analysis method to organize,analyze and process the records of international conferences and government press conferences held in Yunnan Province,as well as important related issues since the signing of RCEP.Then,the social network analysis method was used to analyze the social recognition degree of RCEP in promoting the high-quality development of the tourism service trade in Yunnan Province from the perspectives of different levels and group consensus.The results show that cooperation is the key macro driving force for RCEP in promoting the high-quality development of the tourism service trade in Yunnan Province.Regarding the opportunities and environment of the transportation dividend,policy dividend and investment dividend,port construction,border township construction and exhibition-related construction are important cooperation contents,so they are conducive to the recovery of the tourism industry in a broader development space.Competition can improve the driving force of RCEP in promoting the high-quality development of the tourism service trade in Yunnan Province at the micro level,and has more practical significance.For example,RCEP can better rely on its own geographical advantages and international market competitiveness,optimize the use of resources inside and outside ports,and use high-tech products to form a more green,ecological,organic and sustainable development.In different levels of social identity,RCEP’s power of cooperation is more strongly recognized,while the power of competition is less recognized.However,from the perspective of grouping the various groups,RCEP’s powers of cooperation and competition are jointly recognized by the other groups,indicating that cooperation and competition are necessary for the realization of RCEP’s power.The results of this study provide a certain reference for understanding the dynamics of RCEP in more detail from more angles and for the local implementation of RCEP rules and measures.

Tectonic dynamics and correlation of major earthquake sequences of the Xiaojiang and Qujiang-Shiping fault systems, Yunnan, China

The N-S trending Xiaojiang fault zone and the NW-SE trending Qujiang-Shiping fault zone are adjacent active fault systems and seismogenic zones associated with strong and major earthquakes in Yunnan, China. To understand the interaction of the two fault systems, and its probable influence on earthquake occurrences, this paper conducts a synthetic study based on data of active tectonics, historical earthquakes, relocated small earthquakes, GPS station velocities and focal mechanism resolutions. The study makes several conclusions. （1） The active southward motion of the western side of the Xiaojiang fault zone （i.e. the side of the Sichuan-Yunnan block） has a persistent and intensive effect on the Qujiang-Shiping fault zone. The later fault zone has absorbed and transformed the southward motion of the western side of the former fault zone through dextral strike-slip/sheafing as well as transverse shortening/thrusting. （2） Along the Xiaojiang fault zone, the present sinistral strike-slip/sheafing rate decreases from 10 and 8 mm/a on the northern, central and central-southern segments to 4 mm/a on the southern segment. The decreased rate has been adjusted in the area along and surrounding the Qujiang-Shiping fault zone through reverse-dextral faulting and distributed sheafing and shortening. （3） The tectonic-dynamic relation between the Xiaojiang fault zone and the Qujiang-Shiping fault zone is also manifested by a close correlation of earthquake occurrences on the two fault zones. From 1500 to 1850 a sequence of strong and major earthquakes occurred along the Xiaojiang fault zone and its northern neighbor, the Zemuhe fault zone, which was characterized by gradually accelerating strain release, gradually shortening intervals between M≥7 events, and major releases occurring in the mid to later stages of the sequence. As a response to this sequence, after an 88-year delay, another sequence of 383 years （from 1588 to 1970） of strong and major earthquakes occurred on the Qujiang-Shiping fault zone, and had the same features in accelerating strain release and its temporal course. （4） Since there has been no M≥7 event for 177 years on the Xiaojiang fault zone, the potential risk of a strong or major earthquake occurring on this fault zone in the future should be noticed and studied further.

^(13)CO mapping study for massive molecular cloud cores

Using the newly installed SIS receiving system on the 13.7 m telescope at Qinghai Station of PMO, United Radio Astronomy of CAS, CO isotope 13 CO J=1-0 and C18 O J=1-0 lines were observed for thr ee sources S241, S39 and ON3. Results show that the three sources have massive cor es, of which the size is ～2-5 pc, masses are ～103-104 M⊙. The wid t hs of lines are also larger than those in low mass cores. And high velocity char acteristics were observed for all the sources. The V LSR distribution p resents rotation of the core in ON3. And all the three cores contain deeply embe dded forming massive stars. The young stellar objects in S241 and ON3 seem to be moving away from their birth sites.

Structure and Dynamics of Ethanol Adsorbed on a Mica Surface

The structural and dynamic properties of nanoscale ethanol film on a mica surface are investigated via molecular dynamics simulations. We observe a dense, almost fiat ethanol bilayer formed in the vicinity of the mica surface, with the hydrophobic alkyl groups pointing outward from the surface. Remarkably, such ethanol bilayer is laterally well-ordered with patterned adsorption sites. Each ethanol molecule in the first layer donates one hydrogen bond to the surface basal oxygen atoms and accepts one hydrogen bond from that in the second layer. The ethanol molecules within the bilayer exhibit constrained lateral mobility and delayed dynamics as compared with bulk ethanol, whereas those on top of the bilayer have bulk-like characteristics.