利用中尺度数值模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)的数值模拟,结合NECP/FNL再分析资料、地面、探空、多普勒雷达基数据和卫星产品等观测资料,综合分析了2014年3月30日发生在贵州省西南部的一次冰雹天气过程。研究了有利于冰雹...利用中尺度数值模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)的数值模拟,结合NECP/FNL再分析资料、地面、探空、多普勒雷达基数据和卫星产品等观测资料,综合分析了2014年3月30日发生在贵州省西南部的一次冰雹天气过程。研究了有利于冰雹发生的环流特征和环境条件,分析了冰雹云系的发展演变特征、云微物理结构特征,初步分析了冰雹形成的云物理机制。结果表明:此次冰雹天气是典型的低压辐合线型降雹类型,地面降雹位置位于700 hPa切变线和近地面辐合线附近及南侧;发生此次冰雹过程的对流云系经历了对流云系的初生阶段、合并加强阶段、成熟降雹阶段和东移阶段。贵州地区上空对流云系的微物理结构具有混合相云特征,高层为冰晶、雪,中层为云水、霰,低层为雨水、冰雹。霰和云水是形成雨水和冰雹的主要来源,霰撞冻过冷云水和霰的自动转化是冰雹形成的主要微物理机制。展开更多
A series of marine natural gas fields were recently discovered in oolitic dolomites of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin, southwest China. The mechanism forming these reservoir dolom...A series of marine natural gas fields were recently discovered in oolitic dolomites of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin, southwest China. The mechanism forming these reservoir dolomites is debatable, limiting the ability to characterize these reservoir successfully. Based on the investigation of the representative Dukouhe, Luojiazhai, and Puguang areas, this issue was addressed by examining the distribution, petrology, and geochemistry of the dolomites, the most comprehensive study to date was provided. Dolomitization occurred at a very early stage of diagenesis, as shown by the petrological features of the rock fabric. Vadose silt, which is composed primarily of dolomitic clasts, is found in the primary and secondary pores of the oolitic dolomite. This indicates that the overlying strata were subjected to dolomitization when the Feixianguan formation was located in the vadose zone. Therefore, it may be inferred that the dolomitization which occurred before the formation was exposed to meteoric conditions. The spatial distribution and geochemical characteristics of the dolomite indicate that dolomitization occurred as a result of seepage reflux. The degree of dolomitization decreases with increasing distance from the evaporative lagoon. Furthermore, the type and porosity of the dolomite vary in different zones of the upward-shoaling sequence, with the porosity gradually decreasing from the highest layer to the lowest layer. This reflects a close relationship between dolomitization and seawater evaporation during the formation of the dolomite. Geochemical analysis provided further evidence for the relationship between the dolomitization fluid and the coeval seawater. The 87Sr/86Sr and 813C isotopes, as well as the abundances of trace elements, Fe and Mn, indicate that seawater concentrated by evaporation acted as the dolomitization fluid. These results also show that dolomitization most likely occurred in a semi-closed diagenetic environment. Therefore, the main mechanism of oolitic dolomite formation is seepage reflux, which occurred at an early stage of diagenesis.展开更多
In this paper, using focal mechanism solutions of moderate-strong earthquakes in Yunnan and its adjacent areas, and based on the statistical analysis of the parameters of focal mechanism solutions, we discussed in det...In this paper, using focal mechanism solutions of moderate-strong earthquakes in Yunnan and its adjacent areas, and based on the statistical analysis of the parameters of focal mechanism solutions, we discussed in detail the earthquake fault types and the characteristics of the modern tectonic stress field in the Yunnan region. The results show that most moderate-strong earthquakes occurring in the Yunnan region are of the strike-slip type, amounting to 80% of the total. Normal faulting and normal with strike-slip and reverse and reverse with strike-slip earthquakes is almost equivalent in proportion, about 8% each. The tectonic stress field of the Yunnan region is near-horizontal, and the dips of earthquake fault planes are large. There are three main dynamic sources acting on the Yunnan region: one is the NE, NNE and NNW-directed acting force from Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam; the second is the SE-SSE directed force from the Sichuan and Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block and the third is the NW-NNW directed force from the South China block. These three acting forces have controlled the faulting behavior of the main faults and the characteristics of strong earthquake activity of Yunnan and its adjacent regions.展开更多
目的点云是一种重要的三维数据表示形式,已在无人驾驶、虚拟现实、三维测量等领域得到了应用。由于点云具有分辨率高的特性,数据传输需要消耗大量的网络带宽和存储资源,严重阻碍了进一步推广。为此,在深度学习的点云自编码器压缩框架基...目的点云是一种重要的三维数据表示形式,已在无人驾驶、虚拟现实、三维测量等领域得到了应用。由于点云具有分辨率高的特性,数据传输需要消耗大量的网络带宽和存储资源,严重阻碍了进一步推广。为此,在深度学习的点云自编码器压缩框架基础上,提出一种结合密集残差结构和多尺度剪枝的点云压缩网络,实现了对点云几何信息和颜色信息的高效压缩。方法针对点云的稀疏化特点以及传统体素网格表示点云时分辨率不足的问题,采用稀疏张量作为点云的表示方法,并使用稀疏卷积和子流形卷积取代常规卷积提取点云特征;为了捕获压缩过程中高维信息的依赖性,将密集残差结构和通道注意力机制引入到点云特征提取模块;为了补偿采样过程的特征损失以及减少模型训练的动态内存占用,自编码器采用多尺度渐进式结构,并在其解码器不同尺度的上采样层之后加入剪枝层。为了扩展本文网络的适用范围,设计了基于几何信息的点云颜色压缩方法,以保留点云全局颜色特征。结果针对几何信息压缩,本文网络在MVUB(Microsoft voxelized upper bodies)、8iVFB(8i voxelized full bodies)和Owlii(Owlii dynamic human mesh sequence dataset)3个数据集上与其他5种方法进行比较。相对MPEG(moving picture experts group)提出的点云压缩标准V-PCC(video-based point cloud compression),BD-Rate(bjontegaard delta rate)分别增加了41%、54%和33%。本文网络的编码运行时间与G-PCC(geometry-based point cloud compression)相当,仅为V-PCC的2.8%。针对颜色信息压缩,本文网络在低比特率下的YUV-PSNR(YUV peak signal to noise ratio)性能优于G-PCC中基于八叉树的颜色压缩方法。结论本文网络在几何压缩和颜色压缩上优于主流的点云压缩方法,能在速率较小的情况下保留更多原始点云信息。展开更多
文摘利用中尺度数值模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)的数值模拟,结合NECP/FNL再分析资料、地面、探空、多普勒雷达基数据和卫星产品等观测资料,综合分析了2014年3月30日发生在贵州省西南部的一次冰雹天气过程。研究了有利于冰雹发生的环流特征和环境条件,分析了冰雹云系的发展演变特征、云微物理结构特征,初步分析了冰雹形成的云物理机制。结果表明:此次冰雹天气是典型的低压辐合线型降雹类型,地面降雹位置位于700 hPa切变线和近地面辐合线附近及南侧;发生此次冰雹过程的对流云系经历了对流云系的初生阶段、合并加强阶段、成熟降雹阶段和东移阶段。贵州地区上空对流云系的微物理结构具有混合相云特征,高层为冰晶、雪,中层为云水、霰,低层为雨水、冰雹。霰和云水是形成雨水和冰雹的主要来源,霰撞冻过冷云水和霰的自动转化是冰雹形成的主要微物理机制。
基金Project(2012CB214803)supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program,ChinaProject(2011ZX5017-001-HZO2)supported by the National Science & Technology Special Project,China+1 种基金Project(2011D-5006-0105)supported by the PetroChina Research Fund,ChinaProject(SZD0414)supported by the Key Subject Construction Project of Sichuan Province,China
文摘A series of marine natural gas fields were recently discovered in oolitic dolomites of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin, southwest China. The mechanism forming these reservoir dolomites is debatable, limiting the ability to characterize these reservoir successfully. Based on the investigation of the representative Dukouhe, Luojiazhai, and Puguang areas, this issue was addressed by examining the distribution, petrology, and geochemistry of the dolomites, the most comprehensive study to date was provided. Dolomitization occurred at a very early stage of diagenesis, as shown by the petrological features of the rock fabric. Vadose silt, which is composed primarily of dolomitic clasts, is found in the primary and secondary pores of the oolitic dolomite. This indicates that the overlying strata were subjected to dolomitization when the Feixianguan formation was located in the vadose zone. Therefore, it may be inferred that the dolomitization which occurred before the formation was exposed to meteoric conditions. The spatial distribution and geochemical characteristics of the dolomite indicate that dolomitization occurred as a result of seepage reflux. The degree of dolomitization decreases with increasing distance from the evaporative lagoon. Furthermore, the type and porosity of the dolomite vary in different zones of the upward-shoaling sequence, with the porosity gradually decreasing from the highest layer to the lowest layer. This reflects a close relationship between dolomitization and seawater evaporation during the formation of the dolomite. Geochemical analysis provided further evidence for the relationship between the dolomitization fluid and the coeval seawater. The 87Sr/86Sr and 813C isotopes, as well as the abundances of trace elements, Fe and Mn, indicate that seawater concentrated by evaporation acted as the dolomitization fluid. These results also show that dolomitization most likely occurred in a semi-closed diagenetic environment. Therefore, the main mechanism of oolitic dolomite formation is seepage reflux, which occurred at an early stage of diagenesis.
基金sponsored by the important projects of Yunnan Province,entitled"The regularity of strong earthquake activities and the plate margindynamic mechanism on the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau"(2010CC006)"Study on relationship between evolutionary dynamics of geophysical and geochemistry field and strong seismic activity in Yunnan"(JCYB200806015)
文摘In this paper, using focal mechanism solutions of moderate-strong earthquakes in Yunnan and its adjacent areas, and based on the statistical analysis of the parameters of focal mechanism solutions, we discussed in detail the earthquake fault types and the characteristics of the modern tectonic stress field in the Yunnan region. The results show that most moderate-strong earthquakes occurring in the Yunnan region are of the strike-slip type, amounting to 80% of the total. Normal faulting and normal with strike-slip and reverse and reverse with strike-slip earthquakes is almost equivalent in proportion, about 8% each. The tectonic stress field of the Yunnan region is near-horizontal, and the dips of earthquake fault planes are large. There are three main dynamic sources acting on the Yunnan region: one is the NE, NNE and NNW-directed acting force from Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam; the second is the SE-SSE directed force from the Sichuan and Sichuan-Yunnan rhombus block and the third is the NW-NNW directed force from the South China block. These three acting forces have controlled the faulting behavior of the main faults and the characteristics of strong earthquake activity of Yunnan and its adjacent regions.
文摘目的点云是一种重要的三维数据表示形式,已在无人驾驶、虚拟现实、三维测量等领域得到了应用。由于点云具有分辨率高的特性,数据传输需要消耗大量的网络带宽和存储资源,严重阻碍了进一步推广。为此,在深度学习的点云自编码器压缩框架基础上,提出一种结合密集残差结构和多尺度剪枝的点云压缩网络,实现了对点云几何信息和颜色信息的高效压缩。方法针对点云的稀疏化特点以及传统体素网格表示点云时分辨率不足的问题,采用稀疏张量作为点云的表示方法,并使用稀疏卷积和子流形卷积取代常规卷积提取点云特征;为了捕获压缩过程中高维信息的依赖性,将密集残差结构和通道注意力机制引入到点云特征提取模块;为了补偿采样过程的特征损失以及减少模型训练的动态内存占用,自编码器采用多尺度渐进式结构,并在其解码器不同尺度的上采样层之后加入剪枝层。为了扩展本文网络的适用范围,设计了基于几何信息的点云颜色压缩方法,以保留点云全局颜色特征。结果针对几何信息压缩,本文网络在MVUB(Microsoft voxelized upper bodies)、8iVFB(8i voxelized full bodies)和Owlii(Owlii dynamic human mesh sequence dataset)3个数据集上与其他5种方法进行比较。相对MPEG(moving picture experts group)提出的点云压缩标准V-PCC(video-based point cloud compression),BD-Rate(bjontegaard delta rate)分别增加了41%、54%和33%。本文网络的编码运行时间与G-PCC(geometry-based point cloud compression)相当,仅为V-PCC的2.8%。针对颜色信息压缩,本文网络在低比特率下的YUV-PSNR(YUV peak signal to noise ratio)性能优于G-PCC中基于八叉树的颜色压缩方法。结论本文网络在几何压缩和颜色压缩上优于主流的点云压缩方法,能在速率较小的情况下保留更多原始点云信息。