Embodied cognition is an approach to cognition that departs from traditional Descartes’ mind-body dualism for its emphasis on bodily interactions with the environment. The paper firstly describes three distinctive fe...Embodied cognition is an approach to cognition that departs from traditional Descartes’ mind-body dualism for its emphasis on bodily interactions with the environment. The paper firstly describes three distinctive features of embodied cognition. Furthermore, from the perspective of philosophical methodology, the paper outlines Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory and his contributions to the development of cognitive science. Three basic themes of Vygotsky’s writings are specifically described： genetic forces as a foundation of the study of mind, social origin of higher mental functioning, and mediation of sign systems in inter-mental and intra-mental functioning. Against the background of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, we further discuss the interface between embodied cognition and Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory. It is claimed that bodily states and body-environment interactions are closely connected to sense-making. Embodied cognition should emphasize on the unity of body, mind, and cultural environment. Finally, the paper concludes with the influence of sociocultural theory on the study of embodied cognition.展开更多
In this paper, we conduct survey and research on the innovativeness and characteristic of digital media under the environment of Internet and big data. Under the background of the era of rapid change, the current educ...In this paper, we conduct survey and research on the innovativeness and characteristic of digital media under the environment of Internet and big data. Under the background of the era of rapid change, the current education system is more severe impact and challenge. Creative industry is the product of cultural industry development to a new stage, is the most creative cultural industry and the origin of the core part of the new economic era of creativity industry is the condition of globalization. The research indicates that the combination of the big data with digital media is necessary and needed. In the future, we will test more related combination and creativeness.展开更多
Aims Diversity in communities is determined by species’ability to coexist with each other and to overcome environmental stress that may act as an environmental filter.Niche differentiation(ND)results in stronger intr...Aims Diversity in communities is determined by species’ability to coexist with each other and to overcome environmental stress that may act as an environmental filter.Niche differentiation(ND)results in stronger intra-than interspecific competition and promotes coexistence.Because stress affects interactions,the strength of ND may change along stress gradients.A greater diversity of plant growth forms has been observed in stressful habitats,such as deserts and alpine regions,suggesting greater ND when stress is strong.We tested the hypothesis that niche differences and environmental filters become stronger with stress.Methods In a semiarid grassland in southern Mexico,we sowed six annual species in the field along a hydric stress gradient.Plants were grown alone(without interactions),with conspecific neighbors(intraspecific interactions)or with heterospecific neighbors(interspecific interactions).We analyzed how the ratio of intra-to interspecific competition changed along the gradient to assess how water availability determines the strength of ND.We also determined if hydric stress represented an environmental filter.Important Findings We observed stronger intra-than interspecific competition,especially where hydric stress was greater.Thus,we found ND in at least some portion of the gradient for all but one species.Some species were hindered by stress,but others were favored by it perhaps because it eliminates soil pathogens.Although strong ND was slightly more frequent with stress,our species sample was small and there were exceptions to the general pattern,so further research is needed to establish if this is a widespread phenomenon in nature.展开更多
文摘Embodied cognition is an approach to cognition that departs from traditional Descartes’ mind-body dualism for its emphasis on bodily interactions with the environment. The paper firstly describes three distinctive features of embodied cognition. Furthermore, from the perspective of philosophical methodology, the paper outlines Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory and his contributions to the development of cognitive science. Three basic themes of Vygotsky’s writings are specifically described： genetic forces as a foundation of the study of mind, social origin of higher mental functioning, and mediation of sign systems in inter-mental and intra-mental functioning. Against the background of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, we further discuss the interface between embodied cognition and Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory. It is claimed that bodily states and body-environment interactions are closely connected to sense-making. Embodied cognition should emphasize on the unity of body, mind, and cultural environment. Finally, the paper concludes with the influence of sociocultural theory on the study of embodied cognition.
文摘In this paper, we conduct survey and research on the innovativeness and characteristic of digital media under the environment of Internet and big data. Under the background of the era of rapid change, the current education system is more severe impact and challenge. Creative industry is the product of cultural industry development to a new stage, is the most creative cultural industry and the origin of the core part of the new economic era of creativity industry is the condition of globalization. The research indicates that the combination of the big data with digital media is necessary and needed. In the future, we will test more related combination and creativeness.
基金supported by the Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(IN212618).
文摘Aims Diversity in communities is determined by species’ability to coexist with each other and to overcome environmental stress that may act as an environmental filter.Niche differentiation(ND)results in stronger intra-than interspecific competition and promotes coexistence.Because stress affects interactions,the strength of ND may change along stress gradients.A greater diversity of plant growth forms has been observed in stressful habitats,such as deserts and alpine regions,suggesting greater ND when stress is strong.We tested the hypothesis that niche differences and environmental filters become stronger with stress.Methods In a semiarid grassland in southern Mexico,we sowed six annual species in the field along a hydric stress gradient.Plants were grown alone(without interactions),with conspecific neighbors(intraspecific interactions)or with heterospecific neighbors(interspecific interactions).We analyzed how the ratio of intra-to interspecific competition changed along the gradient to assess how water availability determines the strength of ND.We also determined if hydric stress represented an environmental filter.Important Findings We observed stronger intra-than interspecific competition,especially where hydric stress was greater.Thus,we found ND in at least some portion of the gradient for all but one species.Some species were hindered by stress,but others were favored by it perhaps because it eliminates soil pathogens.Although strong ND was slightly more frequent with stress,our species sample was small and there were exceptions to the general pattern,so further research is needed to establish if this is a widespread phenomenon in nature.
