利用有机层间互相掺杂提高有机电致发光器件的效率

提高器件的发光效率是实现有机电致发光器件实用化的一个关键因素。通过对器件结构和制作工艺的优化设计,将有机电致发光器件的各个功能层进行互相掺杂,在层间形成互掺过渡层达到平衡载流子的注入,使得注入的电子和空穴有效地限制在互掺的有源区内,增加了载流子相遇复合的几率,进而提高器件的发光效率。器件的最大电流效率在外加电压10 5V时达到7 9cd/A,最大发光亮度在35V时达到49000cd/m2。和一般掺杂器件相比效率提高2倍以上。同时有机层间的互相掺杂也在一定程度上消除了层间的界面,减少了有机层间的缺陷,与没有过渡层的器件相比,器件老化性能有了明显改善。

Preparation, characterization, and catalytic performance of high efficient CeO_2-MnO_x-Al_2O_3 catalysts for NO elimination

A series of CeO2‐MnOx‐Al2O3 mixed oxide catalysts （Ce：Mn：Al mole ratio=6：4：x, x=0.25, 0.5, 1, 2） were prepared by a simple one‐step inverse co‐precipitation method to investigate the influence of the incorporation of Al3＋ into CeO2‐MnOx mixed oxides. CeO2‐MnOx, CeO2‐Al2O3, and MnOx‐Al2O3 mixed oxides, and CeO2 were prepared by the same method for comparison. The samples were characterized by XRD, Raman, N2 physisorption, H2‐TPR, XPS, and in situ DRIFTS. The catalytic re‐duction of NO by CO was chosen as a model reaction to evaluate the catalytic performance. The incorporation of a small amount of Al3＋into CeO2‐MnOx mixed oxides resulted in a decrease of crys‐tallite size, with the increase of the BET specific surface area and pore volume, as well as the in‐crease of Ce3＋and Mn4＋. The former benefits good contact between catalyst and reactants, and the latter promotes the adsorption of CO and the desorption, conversion and dissociation of adsorbed NO. All these enhanced the catalytic performance for the NO＋CO model reaction. A reaction mecha‐nism was proposed to explain the excellent catalytic performance of CeO2‐MnOx‐Al2O3 catalysts for NO reduction by CO.

小议魔术种类

若论魔术的内容,节目成千上万。我们从分类入手,容易摸到门径。 简单地说,从无到有,从有到无,对换、移位等现象即是魔术。但是,如果我们细推一番就感到内容太杂,单看变人的魔术就有: “空物来人”类,交代过空箱、空橱、水缸等物品之后,从中变出人来最为常见。 “遁人法”,或将人绳捆索绑,或用布遮覆。

Pressure Effects on Spectra of Tunable Laser Crystal GSGG： Cr^3＋ IV： Pressure—Induced Shifts of R1 Line, R2 Line, and U Band at 300 K

By means of both a theory for pressure-induced shifts (PS) of energy spectra and a theory for shifts of energy spectra due to electron-phonon interaction (EPI), the 'pure electronic' PS and the PS due to EPI of R1 line, R2 line, and U band of GSGG:Cr3+ at 300 K have been calculated, respectively. The calculated results are in good agreement with all the experimental data. Their physical origins have also been explained. It is found that the mixing-degree of and base-wavefunctions in the wavefunctions of R1 level of GSGG:Cr3+ at 300 K is remarkable under normal pressure, and the mixing-degree rapidly decreases with increasing pressure. The change of the mixing-degree with pressure plays a key role not only for the 'pure electronic' PS of R1 line and R2 line but also the PS of R1 line and R2 line due to EPI. The pressure-dependent behaviors of the 'pure electronic' PS of R1 line (or R2 line) and the PS of R1 line (or R2 line) due to EPI are quite different. It is the combined effect of them that gives rise to the total PS of R1 line (or R2 line). In the range of about 15 kbar ~ 45 kbar, the mergence and/or order-reversal between levels and levels take place, which cause the fluctuation of the rate of PS for with pressure. At 300 K, both the temperature-dependent contribution to R1 line (or R2 line or U band) from EPI and the temperature-independent one are important.

被剪辑出来的他者——张好好小说印象

创造与放弃,是张好好小说叙事的主要逻辑关系。这个逻辑关系有着明确的指向,即面对人的精神追索,创造并不意味着成功,放弃也不意味着失败。它们的互相掺杂,使现代人的生存意识不被结果所控制。

关于玛格丽特·杜拉斯的新传记问世

关于玛格丽特·杜拉斯的新传记问世今年４月１日，玛格丽特·杜拉斯度过了８０寿辰。她作为当今还在世的最著名的法国作家之一，又一次变得引人注目了，原因是她被写进了一部最为怪异的作家传记之中，这就是弗雷德里克·拉伯莱的《杜拉斯——一枝笔的分量》。“她出生在三...

用窃取的空白提货单冒领国家财物的行为,应定为盗窃罪

1983年第6期《法学杂志》刊登了肖牧同志的文章《用窃取的空白提货单冒领国家财物的行为,属于什么犯罪?》(下简称《肖文》)。对于作者主张该案应定诈骗罪的意见,不敢苟同。我们认为,该案以认定盗窃罪为妥。从概念上讲,盗窃罪和诈骗罪的区别是明显的。但是,现实生活中犯罪的复杂性,盗窃罪和诈骗罪各自特征的显现,又往往不易识别;秘密窃取的方法和欺骗的方法有时互相掺杂在一起,也使人难辨主次、真伪。在这种情况下,就要以事实为根据,详细分析案件的发展过程、盗窃物的性质、欺骗的实质等具体情况,以便客观地找出合理的定罪依据。阮××秘密窃取盖过章的空白七联提货单的目的,是将国家财产非法占为已有,加之提货单本身又是一种正当的提货支付凭证,而“一般说,仓库付货制度是看单不看人”,这样。

Near-infrared absorbing 2D/3D ZnIn2S4/N-doped graphene photocatalyst for highly efficient CO2 capture and photocatalytic reduction

Hierarchical heterostructure photocatalysts with broad spectrum solar light utilization,particularly in the nearinfrared(NIR)region,are emerging classes of advanced photocatalytic materials for solar-driven CO2 conversion into value-added chemical feedstocks.Herein,a novel two-demensional/three-demensional(2 D/3 D)hierarchical composite is hydrothermally synthesized by assembling vertically-aligned ZnIn2 S4(ZIS)nanowall arrays on nitrogen-doped graphene foams(NGF).The prepared ZIS/NGF composite shows enhancement in photothermal conversion ability and selective CO2 capture as well as solar-driven CO2 photoreduction.At273 K and 1 atm,the ZIS/NGF composite with 1.0 wt%NGF achieves a comparably high CO2-to-N2 selectivity of 30.1,with an isosteric heat of CO2 adsorption of 48.2 kJ mol^-1.And in the absence of cocatalysts and sacrificial agents,the ZIS/NGF composite with cyclability converts CO2 into CH4,CO and CH3 OH under simulated solar light illumination,with the respective evolution rates about 9.1,3.5,and 5.9 times higher than that of the pristine ZIS.In-depth analysis using in-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(ISI-XPS)in conjunction with Kelvin probe measurements reveals the underlying charge transfer pathway and process from ZIS to NGF.

Temperature-Dependent Photoconductance of Heavily Doped ZnO Nanowires

Ga-doped ZnO nanowires have been synthesized by a pulsed laser chemical vapor deposition method. The crystal structure and photoluminescence spectra indicate that the dopant atoms are well integrated into the ZnO wurtzite lattice. The photocurrent properties at different temperatures have been systematically investigated for nanowires configured as a three-terminal device. Among the experimental highlights, a pronounced semiconductor-to-metal transition occurs upon UV band-to-band excitation. This is a consequence of the reduction in electron mobility arising from the drastically enhanced Coulomb interactions and surface scattering. Another feature is the reproducible presence of two resistance valleys at 220 and 320 K upon light irradiation. This phenomenon originates from the trapping and detrapping processes in the impurity band arising from the native defects as well as the extrinsic Ga dopants. This work demonstrates that due to the dimensional confinement in quasi-one-dimensional structures, enhanced Coulomb interaction, surface scattering, and impurity states can significantly influence charge transport.